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Wang ZT, Zhong XL, Tan MS, Wang HF, Tan CC, Zhang W, Zheng ZJ, Kong LL, Tan L, Sun L. Association of lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 ( OLR1) polymorphisms with late-onset Alzheimer disease in Han Chinese. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:172. [PMID: 29951494 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.04.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Lectin-like oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) locates within the area of chromosome 12p, which has been identified as the AD-susceptible region, and plays a role in lipid metabolism. Therefore, it has been suggested to be a good candidate gene for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several SNPs within OLR1 have been reported to have association with AD among Caucasians. Methods We selected and genotyped three SNPs (rs1050283, rs1050286, rs17808009) in OLR1 to investigate its possible relationship with the onset of late-onset Alzheimer disease(LOAD) in 984 LOAD cases and 1,354 healthy controls among northern Han Chinese. Results No significant association was found between the OLR1 (rs1050283, rs1050286, rs17808009) polymorphisms and LOAD, even after adjustment for gender and age and stratification for apolipoprotein E (APOE) status. Conclusions Our study showed that the SNPs (rs1050283, rs1050286, rs17808009) located in the 3'UTR of OLR1 may not involve in the mechanism of LOAD in Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Teng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Meng-Shan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui-Fu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chen-Chen Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhan-Jie Zheng
- Department of Geriatric, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Ling-Li Kong
- Department of Geriatric, Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266042, China
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Ghebranious N, Mukesh B, Giampietro PF, Glurich I, Mickel SF, Waring SC, McCarty CA. A pilot study of gene/gene and gene/environment interactions in Alzheimer disease. Clin Med Res 2011; 9:17-25. [PMID: 20682755 PMCID: PMC3064752 DOI: 10.3121/cmr.2010.894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although some genes associated with increased risk of Alzheimer Disease (AD) have been identified, few data exist related to gene/gene and gene/environment risk of AD. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore gene/gene and gene/environment associations in AD and to obtain data for sample size estimates for larger, more definitive studies of AD. METHODS The effect of gene/gene and gene/environment interaction related to late onset Alzheimer Disease (LOAD) was investigated in 153 subjects with LOAD and 302 gender matched controls enrolled in the Personalized Medicine Research Project, a population-based bio-repository. Genetic risk factors examined included APOE, ACE, OLR1,and CYP46 genes, and environmental factors included smoking, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, blood pressure, statin use, and body mass index. RESULTS The mean age of the cases was 78.2 years and the mean age of the controls was 87.2 years. APOE4 was significantly associated with LOAD (OR=3.55, 95%CL=1.70, 7.45). Cases were significantly more likely to have ever smoked cigarettes during their life (49.3% versus 38.4%, p=0.03). The highest recorded blood pressure and pulse pressure measurements were significantly higher in the controls than the cases (all P<0.005). Although not statistically significant in this pilot study, the relationship of the following factors was associated in opposite directions with LOAD based on the presence of an APOE4 allele: obesity at the age of 50, ACE, OLR1, and CYP46. CONCLUSIONS These pilot data suggest that gene/gene and gene/environment interactions may be important in LOAD, with APOE, a known risk factor for LOAD, affecting the relationship of ACE and OLR1 to LOAD. Replication with a larger sample size and in other racial/ethnic groups is warranted and the allele and risk factor frequencies will assist in choosing an appropriate sample size for a definitive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Ghebranious
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI USA
| | | | - Philip F. Giampietro
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Ingrid Glurich
- Office of Research Facilitation, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield WI, USA
| | - Susan F. Mickel
- Department of Neurology, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI USA
| | | | - Catherine A. McCarty
- Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI USA
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Abdulkarim Y, Hameed Z. Is the LDL receptor involved in cortical amyloid protein clearance? Neurochem Res 2006; 31:839-47. [PMID: 16841190 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-006-9084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This article puts forward the hypothesis that the Low Density Lipid Receptor (LDLR) is one of the molecules that is involved in the clearance of amyloid proteins in the brain and that it may play a role in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) via its up-regulation by statins. The hypothesis is built on the following observations: a-statins (which have been shown to increase LDLR in astrocytes, see below) have a beneficial role in AD, b-defects in the LDL receptor gene are found in AD, c-molecules with similar structure to the LDLR have been shown to clear amyloid protein from the brain.
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Shi J, Tian J, Pritchard A, Lendon C, Lambert JC, Iwatsubo T, Mann DMA. A 3'-UTR polymorphism in the oxidized LDL receptor 1 gene increases Abeta40 load as cerebral amyloid angiopathy in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol 2006; 111:15-20. [PMID: 16328515 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-005-1108-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2005] [Revised: 09/07/2005] [Accepted: 09/07/2005] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
It is presently unclear whether polymorphic variations in the oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1), or low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), genes act as risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present study, we have investigated the extent of amyloid beta protein (Abeta) deposition as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) or senile plaques (SP) in relationship to OLR1 +1071 and +1073 polymorphisms and LRP1 C766T polymorphism in patients with AD There was an increased Abeta40 load as CAA, but not as SP, in frontal cortex of AD patients carrying OLR1+1073 CC genotype, compared to those with CT, TT or CT+TT genotypes, but only in those individuals without apolipoprotein (APOE) epsilon4 allele. No differences in total Abeta or Abeta42 load as CAA or SP between OLR1+1073 genotypes was seen, nor were there any differences between OLR1+1071 and LRP1 genotypes for any measure of Abeta. Present data suggests that homozygosity for the C allele for OLR1+1073 polymorphism, selectively in individuals without APOE epsilon4 allele, may impair clearance of Abeta, and particularly Abeta40, from the brain across the blood-brain barrier, leading to its 'diversion' into perivascular drainage channels, thereby increasing the severity of CAA in such persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Group, University of Manchester, Hope Hospital, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
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Panza F, Colacicco AM, D'Introno A, Capurso C, Liaci M, Capurso SA, Capurso A, Solfrizzi V. Candidate genes for late-onset Alzheimer's disease: Focus on chromosome 12. Mech Ageing Dev 2006; 127:36-47. [PMID: 16183100 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2005.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2005] [Revised: 07/29/2005] [Accepted: 08/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there was an increasing interest on candidate genes may play an important role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several genome wide screens have undertaken so far or expanded recently, and suggested a number of genomic areas that may contain novel susceptibility genes for AD, in particular most compelling have been the findings on chromosome 12. Polymorphisms in different susceptibility genes on chromosome 12 (A2M, LRP1, CP2 and OLR1) are now being suggested as possible genetic markers for increased risk of developing AD. However, many of these studies are controversial and have shown conflicting results. Thus far, the search for the chromosome 12 Alzheimer's gene must continue and there are several other genes in this region that we are looking at. In this article, we focused on the current knowledge of the genetics of familial late-onset and sporadic AD linked to the chromosome 12, and the future search for other candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Panza
- Department of Geriatrics, Center for Aging Brain, Memory Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
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D'Introno A, Solfrizzi V, Colacicco AM, Capurso C, Amodio M, Todarello O, Capurso A, Kehoe PG, Panza F. Current knowledge of chromosome 12 susceptibility genes for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2005; 27:1537-53. [PMID: 16257095 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2005] [Revised: 09/16/2005] [Accepted: 09/20/2005] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, it has become more apparent the important role genes play in the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Great efforts, involving human genome scans and candidate gene studies, have been given towards identifying susceptibility genes for AD. A number of regions on different chromosomes have been reported to demonstrate linkage for AD. Of these, findings on chromosome 12 are some of the most compelling. Worldwide genetic association studies pre-dating and subsequent to recent linkage studies have identified and focused upon a number of genes that map to the areas of reported linkage on chromosome 12, however, analyses of those genes studied to date, on the whole, remain inconclusive and ambiguous. This paper reviews studies that have provided evidence of linkage for AD on chromosome 12 and in turn discusses the work conducted to date on candidate genes that have been identified and map to the chromosome 12 regions of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia D'Introno
- Department of Geriatrics, Center for Aging Brain, Memory Unit, University of Bari, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11 70124 Bari, Italy
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D'Introno A, Solfrizzi V, Colacicco AM, Capurso C, Torres F, Capurso SA, Capurso A, Panza F. Polymorphisms in the oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 gene and risk of Alzheimer's disease. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005; 60:280-4. [PMID: 15860461 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/60.3.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The +1073 C/T polymorphism of the oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (OLR1) gene has been reported to be associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease, whereas for the +1071 T/A polymorphism no association was found. We genotyped 169 sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients and 264 sex- and age-matched nondemented controls from Southern Italy for OLR1 +1073 C/T and +1071 T/A polymorphisms and for apolipoprotein E and LBP-1c/CP2/LSF. We also performed haplotype analysis. For the +1073 C/T polymorphism, the C allele and the CC genotype have been associated with a higher risk for Alzheimer's disease without apolipoprotein E or CP2 interaction. The two polymorphisms were in linkage disequilibrium, with the haplotype T-C at significant increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease in the whole sample and in elderly persons 70 years or older. In our population, the +1073 C/T OLR1 polymorphism exhibited a significant association with Alzheimer's disease, further supporting the role of OLR1 as a candidate risk gene for sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia D'Introno
- Department of Geriatrics, Center for Aging Brain, Memory Unit, University of Bari Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Bertram L, Hsiao M, Mullin K, Parkinson M, Menon R, Moscarillo TJ, Blacker D, Tanzi RE. ACAT1 is not associated with Alzheimer's disease in two independent family-based samples. Mol Psychiatry 2005; 10:522-4. [PMID: 15768051 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex and multifactorial disease with the possible involvement of several genes. Apolipoprotein E (APOE), especially the APOE*4 allele, has been established as a strong susceptibility marker that accounts for nearly 30% of the risk in late-onset AD. However, as the APOE*4 allele is neither necessary nor sufficient for the development of AD, it emphasizes the involvement of other genetic and/or environmental factors which, alone or in conjunction with APOE*4, can modify the risk of AD. Recently, genome-wide linkage or linkage disequilibrium studies on late-onset AD have provided informative data for the existence of multiple putative genes for AD on several chromosomes, with the strongest evidence on chromosomes 12, 10, 9 and 6. This paper attempts to review the current progress on the identification of additional genetic loci for late-onset AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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