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Chitsamankhun C, Siritongtaworn N, Fournier BPJ, Sriwattanapong K, Theerapanon T, Samaranayake L, Porntaveetus T. Cathepsin C in health and disease: from structural insights to therapeutic prospects. J Transl Med 2024; 22:777. [PMID: 39164687 PMCID: PMC11337848 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cathepsin C (CTSC) is a lysosomal cysteine protease constitutively expressed at high levels in the lung, kidney, liver, and spleen. It plays a key role in the activation of serine proteases in cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells (granzymes A and B), mast cells (chymase and tryptase) and neutrophils (cathepsin G, neutrophil elastase, proteinase 3) underscoring its pivotal significance in immune and inflammatory defenses. Here, we comprehensively review the structural attributes, synthesis, and function of CTSC, with a focus on its variants implicated in the etiopathology of several syndromes associated with neutrophil serine proteases, including Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS), Haim-Munk Syndrome (HMS), and aggressive periodontitis (AP). These syndromes are characterized by palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, and early-onset periodontitis (severe gum disease) resulting in premature tooth loss. Due to the critical role played by CTSC in these and several other conditions it is being explored as a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. The review also discusses in depth the gene variants of CTSC, and in particular their postulated association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), COVID-19, various cancers, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, sudden cardiac death (SCD), atherosclerotic vascular disease, and neuroinflammatory disease. Finally, the therapeutic potential of CTSC across a range of human diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakriya Chitsamankhun
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nutwara Siritongtaworn
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - B P J Fournier
- Dental Faculty, Oral Biology Department, Reference Center of Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, Rothschild Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kanokwan Sriwattanapong
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Theerapanon
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Lakshman Samaranayake
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hospital Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Office of Research Affairs, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Graduate Program in Geriatric and Special Patients Care, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Cheetham CJ, McKelvey MC, McAuley DF, Taggart CC. Neutrophil-Derived Proteases in Lung Inflammation: Old Players and New Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5492. [PMID: 38791530 PMCID: PMC11122108 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-derived proteases are critical to the pathology of many inflammatory lung diseases, both chronic and acute. These abundant enzymes play roles in key neutrophil functions, such as neutrophil extracellular trap formation and reactive oxygen species release. They may also be released, inducing tissue damage and loss of tissue function. Historically, the neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) have been the main subject of neutrophil protease research. Despite highly promising cell-based and animal model work, clinical trials involving the inhibition of NSPs have shown mixed results in lung disease patients. As such, the cutting edge of neutrophil-derived protease research has shifted to proteases that have had little-to-no research in neutrophils to date. These include the cysteine and serine cathepsins, the metzincins and the calpains, among others. This review aims to outline the previous work carried out on NSPs, including the shortcomings of some of the inhibitor-orientated clinical trials. Our growing understanding of other proteases involved in neutrophil function and neutrophilic lung inflammation will then be discussed. Additionally, the potential of targeting these more obscure neutrophil proteases will be highlighted, as they may represent new targets for inhibitor-based treatments of neutrophil-mediated lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coby J. Cheetham
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine and Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (C.J.C.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Michael C. McKelvey
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine and Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (C.J.C.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Daniel F. McAuley
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
| | - Clifford C. Taggart
- Airway Innate Immunity Research (AiiR) Group, Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine and Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (C.J.C.); (M.C.M.)
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Li Q, Wan C, Zhang Z, Liu G, Wang S. CTSC promoted the migration and invasion of glioma cells via activation of STAT3/SERPINA3 axis. Gene 2024; 893:147948. [PMID: 37925117 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin C (CTSC) has been reported to be upregulated in several cancers, however, there are still many missing links about the role of CTSC in glioma. To address this knowledge gap, the present study employed bioinformatics analysis, Transwell assay, RT-qPCR and Western blot assays to investigate the expression level of CTSC in glioma tissues, its relationship with survival period, and its effect on the migration and invasion ability of glioma cells. The findings revealed that CTSC was upregulated in glioma and was associated with poor prognosis. Moreover, CTSC was found to promote cell migration and invasion abilities as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). A further study found that CTSC induced SERPINA3 and STAT3 expression in glioma cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that STAT3 signaling mediated upregulation of SERPINA3 expression by CTSC. In sum, our findings suggest that CTSC activates the STAT3/SERPINA3 axis to promote migration and invasion of glioma cells, which may lead to new potential therapeutic approaches for humans with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenguang Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhifei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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McCarthy RL, Gnanappiragasam D, Scorer M, Taylor M, O'Toole EA. Cathepsin-C mutation in an individual with phenotypic features of Haim-Munk syndrome: a case report. Clin Exp Dermatol 2023; 48:1298-1300. [PMID: 37493199 DOI: 10.1093/ced/llad241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Haim–Munk syndrome and Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome are rare genodermatoses caused by mutations in CTSC, which encodes cathepsin C. Both syndromes cause palmoplantar keratoderma and are associated with periodontitis. We report a variant in CTSC that has previously been described in Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome but has not previously been reported in Haim–Munk syndrome. We suggest that Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome and Haim–Munk syndrome are a spectrum of diseases, caused by CTSC mutations, with significant overlap in their phenotypic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L McCarthy
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Matthew Scorer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Marisa Taylor
- Department of Dermatology, Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS Trust, Surrey, UK
| | - Edel A O'Toole
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
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Chen Y, Liu M, Wang Y. Bioinformatic analysis reveals lysosome-related biomarkers and molecular subtypes in preeclampsia: novel insights into the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Front Genet 2023; 14:1228110. [PMID: 37576559 PMCID: PMC10416227 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1228110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The process of lysosomal biogenesis and exocytosis in preeclamptic placentae plays a role in causing maternal endothelial dysfunction. However, the specific lysosome-associated markers relevant to preeclampsia (PE) are not well-defined. Our objective is to discover new biomarkers and molecular subtypes associated with lysosomes that could improve the diagnosis and treatment of PE. Methods: We obtained four microarray datasets related to PE from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The limma package was utilized to identify genes that were differentially expressed between individuals with the disease and healthy controls. The logistic regression analysis was used to identify core diagnostic biomarkers, which were subsequently validated by independent datasets and clinical samples. Additionally, a consensus clustering method was utilized to distinguish between different subtypes of PE. Following this, functional enrichment analysis, GSEA, GSVA, and immune cell infiltration were conducted to compare the two subtypes and identify any differences in their functional characteristics and immune cell composition. Results: We identified 16 PE-specific lysosome-related genes. Through regression analysis, two genes, GNPTG and CTSC, were identified and subsequently validated in the external validation cohort GSE60438 and through qRT-PCR experiment. A nomogram model for the diagnosis of PE was developed and evaluated using these two genes. The model had a remarkably high predictive power (AUC values of the training set, validation set, and clinical samples were 0.897, 0.788, and 0.979, respectively). Additionally, two different molecular subtypes (C1 and C2) were identified, and we found notable variations in the levels of immune cells present in the two subtypes. Conclusion: Our results not only offered a classification system but also identified novel diagnostic biomarkers for PE patients. Our findings offered an additional understanding of how to categorize PE patients and also highlighted potential avenues for creating treatments for individuals with PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China
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Laberge S, Akoum D, Wlodarczyk P, Massé JD, Fournier D, Semlali A. The Potential Role of Epigenetic Modifications on Different Facets in the Periodontal Pathogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1202. [PMID: 37372382 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the supporting structures of teeth. In the literature, the association between the pathogenicity of bacteria and environmental factors in this regard have been extensively examined. In the present study, we will shed light on the potential role that epigenetic change can play on different facets of its process, more particularly the modifications concerning the genes involved in inflammation, defense, and immune systems. Since the 1960s, the role of genetic variants in the onset and severity of periodontal disease has been widely demonstrated. These make some people more susceptible to developing it than others. It has been documented that the wide variation in its frequency for various racial and ethnic populations is due primarily to the complex interplay among genetic factors with those affecting the environment and the demography. In molecular biology, epigenetic modifications are defined as any change in the promoter for the CpG islands, in the structure of the histone protein, as well as post-translational regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs), being known to contribute to the alteration in gene expression for complex multifactorial diseases such as periodontitis. The key role of epigenetic modification is to understand the mechanism involved in the gene-environment interaction, and the development of periodontitis is now the subject of more and more studies that attempt to identify which factors are stimulating it, but also affect the reduced response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Laberge
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Daniel Akoum
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Piotr Wlodarczyk
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-Daniel Massé
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Abdelhabib Semlali
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Chinipardaz Z, Zhong JM, Yang S. Regulation of LL-37 in Bone and Periodontium Regeneration. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101533. [PMID: 36294968 PMCID: PMC9604716 DOI: 10.3390/life12101533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The goal of regenerative therapy is to restore the structure and function of the lost tissues in the fields of medicine and dentistry. However, there are some challenges in regeneration therapy such as the delivery of oxygen and nutrition, and the risk of infection in conditions such as periodontitis, osteomyelitis, etc. Leucine leucine-37 (LL-37) is a 37-residue, amphipathic, and helical peptide found only in humans and is expressed throughout the body. It has been shown to induce neovascularization and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. LL-37 also stimulates the migration and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Recent studies have shown that LL-37 plays an important role in the innate defense system through the elimination of pathogenic microbes and the modulation of the host immune response. LL-37 also manifests other functions such as promoting wound healing, angiogenesis, cell differentiation, and modulating apoptosis. This review summarizes the current studies on the structure, expression, and function of LL-37 and highlights the contributions of LL-37 to oral cavity, periodontium, and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Chinipardaz
- Department of Basic and Translation Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, Levy 437, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jessica M. Zhong
- Department of Basic and Translation Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, Levy 437, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shuying Yang
- Department of Basic and Translation Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, Levy 437, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- The Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence:
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Diao Q, Du H, Zhao N, Wu Y, Du X, Sun Y, Zhou Y, Cao Z. Cathepsin C (CTSC) contributes to the antibacterial immunity in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:316-326. [PMID: 35952999 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsins, as a class of protein hydrolases, are widely found in the lysosomes of many tissues and play an essential role in various physiological activities. Cathepsin C (CTSC), a lysosomal cysteine protease, is an essential component of the lysosomal hydrolase family. In this study, we identified a CTSC from Trachinotus ovatus (TroCTSC) and analyzed its function. TroCTSC contained an ORF of 1368 bp and encoded 455 amino acids, which included three conserved catalytically active sites (Cys251, His397, and Asn419). It shares high homology (69.47%-90.77%) with the other known CTSC sequences of teleosts, which was most closely related to Seriola dumerili. TroCTSC was most abundant in the muscle, liver, and head kidney. After Vibrio harveyi infection, the expression levels of TroCTSC in liver, spleen, and head kidney were significantly up-regulated. TroCTSC was found in the cytoplasm with some of which were co-located with the lysosome. After V. harveyi stimulation, TroCTSC was translocated to nucleus in golden pompano snout (GPS) cells. In vitro, results revealed that the optimal hydrolase activity of the recombinant protein, rTroCTSC, was at 40 °C and pH 5.5. The activity of rTroCTSC was promoted by Zn2+ and Ca2+ but inhibited by Fe2+ and Cu2+. However, three mutant proteins, rTroCTSC-C251A, rTroCTSC-H397A, rTroCTSC-N419A, were dramatically reduced the proteolytic activity. Furthermore, in vivo results showed that overexpression of TroCTSC could significantly enhance body's ability to resist V. harveyi and promote the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). In contrast, the interference of TroCTSC expression induced a significant increase in the number of bacteria after V. harveyi infection. Our results suggested that TroCTSC was an essential effector of the innate immune system and played a pivotal role in antibacterial immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Hehe Du
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Na Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Ying Wu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China
| | - Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China.
| | - Yongcan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China.
| | - Zhenjie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, PR China; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology, College of Marine Science, Hainan University, PR China
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Echaubard S, Pebrel-Richard C, Chausset A, Kemeny JL, Merlin E, Laffargue F. Is an association of acro-osteolysis, bone fragility, and enchondromatosis a newfound disease caused by an amplification of PTHLH? A case report. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:58. [PMID: 35908058 PMCID: PMC9338489 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acro-osteolysis (AO) refers to resorption of the distal finger and toe phalanges. It displays two patterns: (i) diffuse AO and (ii) transverse or bandlike AO. AO can be a sign of local distress (e.g. of toxic origin), but is very often a sign of a constitutional or systemic acquired disorder. CASE PRESENTATION A 15-year-old girl was referred to a paediatric rheumatologist for recurrent pain in her fingertips. She presented a particular cross-sectional AO associated with the presence of intraosseous cysts and bone fragility with atypical fractures. Initial laboratory tests and radiological examination did not allow an etiological diagnosis. Genetic studies revealed a 12p11.22-p11.23 microduplication of 900 kb including the PTHLH (parathyroid hormone-like hormone) gene, which encodes for a hormone involved in the regulation of endochondral ossification and differentiation of chondrocytes, via its PTHLH receptor. CONCLUSIONS To date, 12p11.22-p11.23 duplications have been reported in five families with skeletal abnormalities, and in particular AO and enchondromatosis associated with bone fragility. This new observation, added to the other reported cases, suggests a close relationship between the presence of this microduplication and the skeletal abnormalities found in the patient. We suggest the descriptive name ABES (acro-osteolysis, bone fragility and enchondromatosis syndrome) to designate this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Echaubard
- Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie & Raymond Aubrac, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Céline Pebrel-Richard
- grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151Service de Cytogénétique Médicale, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aurélie Chausset
- grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie & Raymond Aubrac, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France ,grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151Unité CRECHE, INSERM CIC 1405, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Louis Kemeny
- grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151Service d’Anatomo-Pathologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Etienne Merlin
- grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151Service de Pédiatrie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie & Raymond Aubrac, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France ,grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151Unité CRECHE, INSERM CIC 1405, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fanny Laffargue
- grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Tokajuk J, Deptuła P, Piktel E, Daniluk T, Chmielewska S, Wollny T, Wolak P, Fiedoruk K, Bucki R. Cathelicidin LL-37 in Health and Diseases of the Oral Cavity. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1086. [PMID: 35625823 PMCID: PMC9138798 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms for maintaining oral cavity homeostasis are subject to the constant influence of many environmental factors, including various chemicals and microorganisms. Most of them act directly on the oral mucosa, which is the mechanical and immune barrier of the oral cavity, and such interaction might lead to the development of various oral pathologies and systemic diseases. Two important players in maintaining oral health or developing oral pathology are the oral microbiota and various immune molecules that are involved in controlling its quantitative and qualitative composition. The LL-37 peptide is an important molecule that upon release from human cathelicidin (hCAP-18) can directly perform antimicrobial action after insertion into surface structures of microorganisms and immunomodulatory function as an agonist of different cell membrane receptors. Oral LL-37 expression is an important factor in oral homeostasis that maintains the physiological microbiota but is also involved in the development of oral dysbiosis, infectious diseases (including viral, bacterial, and fungal infections), autoimmune diseases, and oral carcinomas. This peptide has also been proposed as a marker of inflammation severity and treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Tokajuk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
- Dentistry and Medicine Tokajuk, Zelazna 9/7, 15-297 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Deptuła
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Independent Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2B, 15-222 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Tamara Daniluk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
| | - Sylwia Chmielewska
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
| | - Tomasz Wollny
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Wolak
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Fiedoruk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Białystok, Poland; (J.T.); (P.D.); (T.D.); (S.C.); (K.F.)
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11
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Sotiropoulou G, Zingkou E, Pampalakis G. Reconstructing the epidermal proteolytic cascades in health and disease. J Pathol 2022; 257:545-560. [PMID: 35218558 DOI: 10.1002/path.5888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The epidermis is the outer stratified epithelium of the skin, forming the physical barrier that is indispensable for homeostasis. Epidermal proteolysis, mainly but not exclusively executed by kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs), is tightly regulated to ensure maintenance of physiological skin renewal and an intact skin barrier. Perturbation of epidermal proteolytic networks is implicated in a wide array of rare and common skin pathologies of diverse genetic backgrounds. Recent studies of monogenic human skin diseases and newly developed animal models have revealed new mechanisms of regulation of proteolytic pathways in epidermal physiology and in disease states. These new data have challenged some accepted views, for example the role of matriptase in epidermal desquamation, which turned out to be restricted to mouse skin. The significance of PAR2 signaling in skin inflammation should also be reconsidered in the face of recent findings. Cumulatively, recent studies necessitate a sophisticated redefinition of the proteolytic and signaling pathways that operate in human skin. We elaborate how epidermal proteolysis is finely regulated at multiple levels, and in a spatial manner that was not taken into consideration so far, in which specific proteases are confined to distinct epidermal sublayers. Of interest, transglutaminases have emerged as regulators of epidermal proteolysis and desquamation by spatially fixing endogenous protease inhibitors, constituting regulatory factors that were not recognized before. Furthermore, new evidence suggests a link between proteolysis and lipid metabolism. By synthesis of established notions and recent discoveries, we provide an up-to-date critical parathesis of current knowledge and the extended complexity of proteolysis regulation and signaling pathways in skin. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Sotiropoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion-Patras, 265 04, Greece
| | - Eleni Zingkou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion-Patras, 265 04, Greece
| | - Georgios Pampalakis
- Department of Pharmacology-Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 541 24, Greece
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12
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Varda N, Novinec M. Evolutionary Analysis of Dipeptidyl Peptidase I. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031852. [PMID: 35163774 PMCID: PMC8836896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dipeptidyl peptidase I (DPPI) belongs to the family of papain-like cysteine peptidases. Its distinctive features are the unique exclusion domain which enables the eponymous activity and homotetramerization of DPPI, and its dependence on chloride ions for enzymatic activity. The oligomeric state of DPPI is unique in this family of predominantly monomeric peptidases. However, a distant DPPI ortholog from Plasmodium falciparum has been shown to be monomeric, indicating that the oligomeric state of DPPI varies between lineages. The aim of this work was to study the evolution of DPPI, with particular attention to the structural features that determine its characteristic enzymatic activity and preferences, and to reconstruct the evolution of its oligomerization. We analyzed fifty-seven selected sequences of DPPI and confirmed its presence in three lineages, namely, Amorphea (including animals and Amoebozoa), Alveolates and the metamonad Giardia. The amino acid residues that bind the chloride ion are highly conserved in all species, indicating that the dependence on chloride ions for activity is an evolutionarily conserved feature of DPPI. The number of N-glycosylation sites is significantly increased in animals, particularly vertebrates. Analysis of homology models and subunit contacts suggests that oligomerization is likely restricted to DPPIs in the Amorphea group.
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13
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Shen XB, Chen X, Zhang ZY, Wu FF, Liu XH. Cathepsin C inhibitors as anti-inflammatory drug discovery: Challenges and opportunities. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113818. [PMID: 34492551 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cathepsin C, an important lysosomal cysteine protease, mediates the maturation process of neutrophil serine proteases, and participates in the inflammation and immune regulation process associated with polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Therefore, cathepsin C is considered to be an attractive target for treating inflammatory diseases. With INS1007 (trade name: brensocatib) being granted a breakthrough drug designation by FDA for the treatment of Adult Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis and Coronavirus Disease 2019, the development of cathepsin C inhibitor will attract attentions from medicinal chemists in the future soon. Here, we summarized the research results of cathepsin C as a therapeutic target, focusing on the development of cathepsin C inhibitor, and provided guidance and reference opinions for the upcoming development boom of cathepsin C inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Bao Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion and Pollution Prevention of Anhui Educational Institutions, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236037, PR China
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhao Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Fu Fang Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion and Pollution Prevention of Anhui Educational Institutions, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236037, PR China.
| | - Xin Hua Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Conversion and Pollution Prevention of Anhui Educational Institutions, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236037, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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14
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Moghaddasi M, Ghassemi M, Shekari Yazdi M, Habibi SAH, Mohebi N, Goodarzi A. The first case report of Haim Munk disease with neurological manifestations and literature review. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e04802. [PMID: 34603725 PMCID: PMC8473953 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
HMS can have neurologic MS like manifestations. It is urgent to do more research and report probable unknown associations of HMS for its better management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Moghaddasi
- Department of NeurologyRasool Akram Medical ComplexIran University of Medial Sciences (IUMS)TehranIran
| | - Mohammadreza Ghassemi
- Department of DermatologyRasool Akram Medical ComplexIran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)TehranIran
| | - Mohammad Shekari Yazdi
- Department of DermatologyRasool Akram Medical ComplexIran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)TehranIran
| | - Seyed Amir Hasan Habibi
- Department of NeurologyRasool Akram Medical ComplexIran University of Medial Sciences (IUMS)TehranIran
| | - Nafiseh Mohebi
- Department of NeurologyRasool Akram Medical ComplexIran University of Medial Sciences (IUMS)TehranIran
| | - Azadeh Goodarzi
- Department of DermatologyRasool Akram Medical ComplexIran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS)TehranIran
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15
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Yu H, He X, Liu X, Zhang H, Shen Z, Shi Y, Liu X. A novel missense variant in cathepsin C gene leads to PLS in a Chinese patient: A case report and literature review. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1686. [PMID: 33949806 PMCID: PMC8372118 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papilon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS; OMIM 245000) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by aggressive periodontitis and palmoplantar keratoderma. The prevalence of PLS in the general population is one to four cases per million. Although the etiology and pathogenic mechanisms underlying PLS remain largely unclear, existing evidence shows loss-of-function mutations of the cathepsin C gene (CTSC; OMIM 602365) could cause PLS. Here we found a novel variant of the CTSC gene in a Chinese PLS family and predicted the effect of the variant on the physic-chemical characters and tertiary structure of the protein. METHODS The 1-7 coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of CTSC gene of the proband and her family were amplified and sequenced directly, and Chromas was used to read sequencing files. Furthermore, the PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, and Mutation Taster were utilized to predict the pathogenicity of the variant. Besides, the physic-chemical and structural characters of the protein were analyzed by ProtParam, ProtScale, and SWISS-MODEL. RESULTS Our study identified a novel homozygous variant c.763T>C (p.Cys255Arg) in exon 6 of the CTSC gene, and it was a likely pathogenic variant as predicted by PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, and Mutation Taster. Moreover, ProtParam and Protscale revealed the variant increased the isoelectric point and hydrophilicity of the protein, and the SWISS-MODEL analysis suggested the variant was located in a critical domain for protein activity. CONCLUSION Our study analyzed a Chinese family with PLS and identified a novel missense variant in the CTSC gene. Besides, this study retrospectively summarized 113 variants of CTSC in the world and highlighted the features of 27 CTSC variants in Chinese PLS patients. In addition, this study paid much particular attention to the relationship between CTSC variants and different phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yu
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Jiangyou People's Hospital, Jiangyou, China
| | - Xun He
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Chengdu, China.,Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangqin Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Houbin Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhu Shen
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Chengdu, China.,Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Shi
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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16
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Xiao Y, Cong M, Li J, He D, Wu Q, Tian P, Wang Y, Yang S, Liang C, Liang Y, Wen J, Liu Y, Luo W, Lv X, He Y, Cheng DD, Zhou T, Zhao W, Zhang P, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Qian Y, Wang H, Gao Q, Yang QC, Yang Q, Hu G. Cathepsin C promotes breast cancer lung metastasis by modulating neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:423-437.e7. [PMID: 33450198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung metastasis is the major cause of breast cancer-related mortality. The neutrophil-associated inflammatory microenvironment aids tumor cells in metastatic colonization in lungs. Here, we show that tumor-secreted protease cathepsin C (CTSC) promotes breast-to-lung metastasis by regulating recruitment of neutrophils and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). CTSC enzymatically activates neutrophil membrane-bound proteinase 3 (PR3) to facilitate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) processing and nuclear factor κB activation, thus upregulating IL-6 and CCL3 for neutrophil recruitment. In addition, the CTSC-PR3-IL-1β axis induces neutrophil reactive oxygen species production and formation of NETs, which degrade thrombospondin-1 and support metastatic growth of cancer cells in the lungs. CTSC expression and secretion are associated with NET formation and lung metastasis in human breast tumors. Importantly, targeting CTSC with compound AZD7986 effectively suppresses lung metastasis of breast cancer in a mouse model. Overall, our findings reveal a mechanism of how tumor cells regulate neutrophils in metastatic niches and support CTSC-targeting approaches for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansen Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Min Cong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiatao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dasa He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qiuyao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Pu Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shuaixi Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chenxi Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yajun Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jili Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wenqian Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xianzhe Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yunfei He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dong-Dong Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250012, China
| | - Peiyuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Youcun Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qing-Cheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250012, China
| | - Guohong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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17
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The Effect of a Peptide Substrate Containing an Unnatural Branched Amino Acid on Chymotrypsin Activity. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
7-Amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) is a low molecular weight fluorescent probe that can be attached to a peptide to enable the detection of specific proteases, such as chymotrypsin, expressed in certain diseases. Because this detection depends on the specificity of the protease toward the peptidyl AMC, the development of specific substrates is required. To investigate the specificity of chymotrypsin, peptidyl AMC compounds incorporating four different amino acid residues were prepared by liquid-phase synthesis. Two unnatural amino acids, 2-amino-4-ethylhexanoic acid (AEH) and cyclohexylalanine (Cha), were used to investigate the substrate specificity as these amino acids have structures different from natural amino acids. AEH was synthesized using diethyl acetamidemalonate as a starting material. The substrate containing Cha had high hydrophobicity and showed a high reaction velocity with chymotrypsin. Although the AEH substrate with a branched side chain had high hydrophobicity, it showed a low reaction velocity. The substrate containing the aromatic amino acid phenylalanine was less hydrophobic than the Cha and AEH substrates, but chymotrypsin showed the highest specificity for this compound. These results demonstrated that the substrate specificity of chymotrypsin is not only affected by the hydrophobicity and aromaticity, but also by the structural expanse of amino acid residues in the substrate.
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18
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Korkmaz B, Lesner A, Marchand-Adam S, Moss C, Jenne DE. Lung Protection by Cathepsin C Inhibition: A New Hope for COVID-19 and ARDS? J Med Chem 2020; 63:13258-13265. [PMID: 32692176 PMCID: PMC7413214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin C (CatC) is a cysteine dipeptidyl aminopeptidase that activates most of tissue-degrading elastase-related serine proteases. Thus, CatC appears as a potential therapeutic target to impair protease-driven tissue degradation in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. A depletion of proinflammatory elastase-related proteases in neutrophils is observed in patients with CatC deficiency (Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome). To address and counterbalance unwanted effects of elastase-related proteases, chemical inhibitors of CatC are being evaluated in preclinical and clinical trials. Neutrophils may contribute to the diffuse alveolar inflammation seen in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which is currently a growing challenge for intensive care units due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Elimination of elastase-related neutrophil proteases may reduce the progression of lung injury in these patients. Pharmacological CatC inhibition could be a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent the irreversible pulmonary failure threatening the life of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Korkmaz
- INSERM UMR-1100, Centre
d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires and
Université de Tours, 37032 Tours,
France
| | - Adam Lesner
- Faculty of Chemistry,
University of Gdansk, 80-398 Gdansk,
Poland
| | - Sylvain Marchand-Adam
- INSERM UMR-1100, Centre
d’Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires and
Université de Tours, 37032 Tours,
France
- Service de Pneumologie,
CHRU de Tours, 37032 Tours,
France
| | - Celia Moss
- Birmingham
Children’s Hospital and University of
Birmingham, B4 6NH Birmingham,
U.K.
| | - Dieter E. Jenne
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center,
Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, German Center for Lung Research
(DZL), Munich and Max-Planck Institute of
Neurobiology, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried,
Germany
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19
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Mohamad J, Samuelov L, Malki L, Peled A, Pavlovsky M, Malovitski K, Taiber S, Adir N, Rabinowitz T, Shomron N, Milner JD, Lestringant G, Sarig O, Sprecher E. Palmoplantar keratoderma caused by a missense variant in CTSB encoding cathepsin B. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 46:103-108. [PMID: 32683719 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) refers to a large group of disorders characterized by extensive genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. PPK diagnosis therefore increasingly relies upon genetic analysis. AIM To delineate the genetic defect underlying a case of diffuse erythematous PPK associated with peeling of the skin. METHODS Whole exome and direct sequencing, real-time quantitative PCR, protein modelling and a cathepsin B enzymatic assay were used. RESULTS The patient studied had severe diffuse erythematous PPK transgrediens. Pedigree analysis suggested an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Whole exome sequencing revealed a heterozygous missense mutation in the CTSB gene, encoding the cysteine protease cathepsin B. Genomic duplications in a noncoding region, which regulates the expression of CTSB, were recently found to cause erythrokeratolysis hiemalis, a rare autosomal dominant disorder of cornification. This mutation affects a highly conserved residue, and is predicted to be pathogenic. Protein modelling indicated that the mutation is likely to lead to increased endopeptidase cathepsin B activity. Accordingly, the CTSB variant was found to result in increased cathepsin B proteolytic activity. CONCLUSION In summary, we report the identification of the first gain-of-function missense mutation in CTSB, which was found to be associated in one individual with a dominant form of diffuse PPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mohamad
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Samuelov
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - L Malki
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - A Peled
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Pavlovsky
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - K Malovitski
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - S Taiber
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Adir
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - T Rabinowitz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - N Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J D Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Lestringant
- Consultant Dermatologist (retired), British Ministry of Defence, London, UK
| | - O Sarig
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E Sprecher
- Division of Dermatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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20
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Liu QN, Kausar S, Gul I, Zhou HL, Abbas MN, Dai LS. The red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii cathepsin C, participates in the innate immune response to the viral and bacterial pathogens. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:436-444. [PMID: 32200070 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The cathepsin C, a lysosomal cysteine protease, involves the modulation of immune and inflammatory responses in living organisms. However, the knowledge on cathepsin C in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), a freshwater crustacean with economic values, remained unclear. In the present study, we provide identification and molecular characterization of cathepsin C from P. clarkii. (Hereafter Pc-cathepsin C). The Pc-cathepsin C cDNA contained a 1356 bp open reading frame that encoded a protein of 451 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence comprised of cathepsin C exclusion domain and pept_C1 domain, and also catalytic residues (Cys248, His395 and Asn417). Analysis of the transcriptional patterns of the Pc-cathepsin C gene revealed that it was broadly distributed in various tissues of P. clarkii, and it was more abundant in the hepatopancreas and gut. Following a challenge with viral and bacterial pathogen-associated molecular patterns, the expression of Pc-cathepsin C was strongly enhanced at different time points. The knockdown of Pc-cathepsin C, altered the expression of immune-responsive genes, suggesting its immunoregulatory role in P. clarkii. This study has identified and provided the immunoregulatory function of Pc-cathepsin C, which will contribute to further investigation of the molecular mechanism of cathepsin C in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ning Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Ocean and Biological Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng, 224007, PR China
| | - Saima Kausar
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Isma Gul
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hai-Ling Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Department of Zoology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, PR China.
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21
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Angural A, Spolia A, Mahajan A, Verma V, Sharma A, Kumar P, Dhar MK, Pandita KK, Rai E, Sharma S. Review: Understanding Rare Genetic Diseases in Low Resource Regions Like Jammu and Kashmir - India. Front Genet 2020; 11:415. [PMID: 32425985 PMCID: PMC7203485 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rare diseases (RDs) are the clinical conditions affecting a few percentage of individuals in a general population compared to other diseases. Limited clinical information and a lack of reliable epidemiological data make their timely diagnosis and therapeutic management difficult. Emerging Next-Generation DNA Sequencing technologies have enhanced our horizons on patho-physiological understanding of many of the RDs and ushered us into an era of diagnostic and therapeutic research related to this ignored health challenge. Unfortunately, relevant research is meager in developing countries which lack a reliable estimate of the exact burden of most of the RDs. India is to be considered as the "Pandora's Box of genetic disorders." Owing to its huge population heterogeneity and high inbreeding or endogamy rates, a higher burden of rare recessive genetic diseases is expected and supported by the literature findings that endogamy is highly detrimental to health as it enhances the degree of homozygosity of recessive alleles in the general population. The population of a low resource region Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) - India, is highly inbred. Some of its population groups variably practice consanguinity. In context with the region's typical geographical topography, highly inbred population structure and unique but heterogeneous gene pool, a huge burden of known and uncharacterized genetic disorders is expected. Unfortunately, many suspected cases of genetic disorders remain undiagnosed or misdiagnosed due to lack of appropriate clinical as well as diagnostic resources in the region, causing patients to face a huge psycho-socio-economic crisis and many a time suffer life-long with their ailment. In this review, the major challenges associated with RDs are highlighted in general and an account on the methods that can be adopted for conducting fruitful molecular genetic studies in genetically vulnerable and low resource regions is also provided, with an example of a region like J&K - India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshia Angural
- Human Genetics Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Akshi Spolia
- Human Genetics Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Ankit Mahajan
- Human Genetics Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Vijeshwar Verma
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility, School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Katra, India
| | - Parvinder Kumar
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
| | | | - Kamal Kishore Pandita
- Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Katra, India
- Independent Researcher, Health Clinic, Jammu, India
| | - Ekta Rai
- Human Genetics Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Swarkar Sharma
- Human Genetics Research Group, School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
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22
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Wei H, Wee LWY, Born B, Seang S, Koh MJA, Yee R, Lin G, Rafi'ee K, Mey S, Tan EC. Palmoplantar keratoderma, oral involvement, and homozygous CTSC mutation in two brothers from Cambodia. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 182:296-302. [PMID: 31846207 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Haim-Munk syndrome (HMS) and Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS) are phenotypic variants of palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) with progressive early-onset periodontitis and dental caries. HMS and PLS have been associated with homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the lysosomal protease gene Cathepsin C (CTSC). There have been only a few documented cases of CTSC mutations in patients from South-East Asia. We report the clinical findings of two Cambodian brothers who presented with diffuse, demarcated PPK with transgrediens extending to the elbows and knees, as well as pachyonychia and dental caries. Arachnodactyly and periodontitis were also found in the older brother. Next-generation sequencing unveiled a homozygous missense variant in CTSC (NM_001814.5: c.1337AC: p.(Asp446Ala)) in both brothers. Both parents were heterozygous for the variant, while an unaffected older brother was homozygous for the wild-type allele. Our study adds to the spectrum of mutations and associated clinical presentations for this rare genodermatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Wei
- Research Laboratory, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Lynette W Y Wee
- Dermatology Service, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Bori Born
- Department of Dermatology, Preah Kossamak Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sokheng Seang
- Department of Dermatology, Preah Kossamak Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Mark J A Koh
- Dermatology Service, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore.,Paediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Ruixiang Yee
- Dental Service, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Grace Lin
- Research Laboratory, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Khadijah Rafi'ee
- Research Laboratory, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Sithach Mey
- Department of Dermatology, Preah Kossamak Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Ene-Choo Tan
- Research Laboratory, KK Women's & Children's Hospital, Singapore.,Paediatrics Academic Clinical Programme, SingHealth Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
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Rebernik M, Snoj T, Klemenčič M, Novinec M. Interplay between tetrameric structure, enzymatic activity and allosteric regulation of human dipeptidyl-peptidase I. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 675:108121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Processing and Maturation of Cathepsin C Zymogen: A Biochemical and Molecular Modeling Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194747. [PMID: 31557781 PMCID: PMC6801622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine cathepsin C (CatC) is a ubiquitously expressed, lysosomal aminopeptidase involved in the activation of zymogens of immune-cell-associated serine proteinases (elastase, cathepsin G, proteinase 3, neutrophil serine proteinase 4, lymphocyte granzymes, and mast cell chymases). CatC is first synthetized as an inactive zymogen containing an intramolecular chain propeptide, the dimeric form of which is processed into the mature tetrameric form by proteolytic cleavages. A molecular modeling analysis of proCatC indicated that its propeptide displayed a similar fold to those of other lysosomal cysteine cathepsins, and could be involved in dimer formation. Our in vitro experiments revealed that human proCatC was processed and activated by CatF, CatK, and CatV in two consecutive steps of maturation, as reported for CatL and CatS previously. The unique positioning of the propeptide domains in the proCatC dimer complex allows this order of cleavages to be understood. The missense mutation Leu172Pro within the propeptide region associated with the Papillon-Lefèvre and Haim-Munk syndrome altered the proform stability as well as the maturation of the recombinant Leu172Pro proform.
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25
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Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome: Diagnosis, Dental Management, and a Case Report. Case Rep Dent 2019; 2019:4210347. [PMID: 31179131 PMCID: PMC6501246 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4210347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This paper revisits Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS), addresses its diagnostic update and dental management, and reports a case of a 5-year-old Lebanese patient with consanguineously married parents. Background PLS, also known as “keratoris palmoplantaris with periodontopathia” and “hyperkeratosis palmoplantaris with periodontosis,” is an extremely rare autosomal-recessive trait that combines a diffuse palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and a severe generalized, progressive prepubertal form of a precocious form of juvenile, aggressive periodontitis. Case Description We are reporting a 5-year-old boy that sustained a spontaneous loss of all his primary teeth. At consultation, he was under treatment for hyperkeratosis of his palms and soles. Detailed family history of the child revealed that the patient's parents, grandparents, and relatives were consanguineously married and two of his cousins displayed similar clinical signs (palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and premature loss of deciduous and most of the permanent teeth). Conclusion PLS is an extremely rare disorder that usually becomes apparent from approximately 1-5 years of age. Genetic counseling should always be suggested to parents of affected children, informing them of chances of their offspring having the inherited disease.
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Molitor A, Prud'homme T, Miao Z, Conrad S, Bloch-Zupan A, Pichot A, Hanauer A, Isidor B, Bahram S, Carapito R. Exome sequencing identifies a novel missense variant in CTSC causing nonsyndromic aggressive periodontitis. J Hum Genet 2019; 64:689-694. [PMID: 31068678 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-019-0615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cathepsin C (CatC) is a cysteine protease involved in a variety of immune and inflammatory pathways such as activation of cytotoxicity of various immune cells. Homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in the CatC coding gene CTSC cause different conditions that have in common severe periodontitis. Periodontitis may occur as part of Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS; OMIM#245000) or Haim-Munk syndrome (HMS; OMIM#245010), or may present as an isolated finding named aggressive periodontitis (AP1; OMIM#170650). AP1 generally affects young children and results in destruction of the periodontal support of the primary dentition. In the present study we report exome sequencing of a three generation consanguineous Turkish family with a recessive form of early-onset AP1. We identified a novel homozygous missense variant in exon 2 of CTSC (NM_148170, c.G302C, p.Trp101Ser) predicted to disrupt protein structure and to be disease causing. This is the first described CTSC variant specific to the nonsyndromic AP1 form. Given the broad phenotypic spectrum associated with CTSC variants, reporting this novel variant gives new insights on genotype/phenotype correlations and might improve diagnosis of patients with early-onset AP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Molitor
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tony Prud'homme
- Département d'Odontologie Pédiatrique, UFR Odontologie, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Unité d'Investigation Clinique Odontologie (UIC), CSERD Nantes, CHU de Nantes, France.,INSERM, UMR 1246, MethodS in Patients-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch, Nantes, France
| | - Zhichao Miao
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CD10 1SD, UK.,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Solène Conrad
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire and Cellulaire, CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964, Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Angélique Pichot
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Antoine Hanauer
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Seiamak Bahram
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France. .,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67091, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Raphael Carapito
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France. .,Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67091, Strasbourg, France.
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27
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Rare Diseases with Periodontal Manifestations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050867. [PMID: 30857312 PMCID: PMC6427617 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: The object of this paper was to provide an overview of rare diseases (RDs) with periodontal manifestations and allocate them to relevant categories. Methods: In ROMSE, a database for “Rare Diseases with Orofacial Involvement”, all 541 entities were analyzed with respect to manifestations of periodontal relevance. Inclusion criteria were periodontally relevant changes to the oral cavity, in accordance with the 2018 version of the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. Rare diseases were recorded, using the methodology described, and subsequently compared with the Orphanet Classification of Rare Diseases. Results: A total of 76 RDs with periodontal involvement were recorded and allocated in accordance with the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. Of the 541 RDs analyzed as having known orofacial manifestations, almost 14 percent indicated a periodontally compromised dentition. Conclusions: Around 14 percent of RDs with an orofacial involvement showed periodontally relevant manifestations, which present not only as a result of gingivitis and periodontitis, but also gingival hyperplasia in connection with an underlying disease. Thus, dentists play an important role in therapy and early diagnoses of underlying diseases based on periodontally relevant manifestations.
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28
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Rebernik M, Lenarčič B, Novinec M. The catalytic domain of cathepsin C (dipeptidyl-peptidase I) alone is a fully functional endoprotease. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 157:21-27. [PMID: 30703555 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cathepsin C is a tetrameric lysosomal protease that acts as a dipeptidyl-peptidase due to the presence of the exclusion domain that is unique among papain-like cysteine proteases. Here we describe a recombinant form of cathepsin C lacking its exclusion domain (CatCΔEx) produced in a bacterial expression system (E. coli). CatCΔEx is a monomer with endoprotease activity and affinity for hydrophobic residues such as Phe, Leu or Pro, but not Val, in the P2 position. As opposed to cathepsin C, it does not require chloride ions for its activity. Despite lower turnover rates of hydrolysis of synthetic substrates, CatCΔEx has elastolytic and gelatinolytic activity comparable to other cysteine cathepsins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Rebernik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Brigita Lenarčič
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, "Jožef Stefan" Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Novinec
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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29
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Wei S, Wang S, Yang M, Huang Y, Wei J, Huang X, Qin Q. Characterization of cathepsin C from orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides involved in SGIV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:423-433. [PMID: 30308297 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin C plays a pivotal role in regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. However, the function of fish cathepsin C in virus replication remains largely unknown. In this study, cathepsin C gene (Ec-CC) was cloned and characterized from orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides. The full-length Ec-CC cDNA was composed of 2077 bp. It contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 1374 bp and encoded a 458-amino acid protein which shared 89% identity to cathepsin C from bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus). Amino acid alignment analysis showed that Ec-CC contained an N-terminal signal peptide, the propeptide region and the mature peptide. RT-PCR analysis showed that Ec-CC transcript was expressed in all the examined tissues which abundant in spleen and head kidney. After challenged with Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) stimulation, the relative expression of EC-CC was significantly increased at 24 h post-infection. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that Ec-CC was distributed mainly in the cytoplasm. Further studies showed that overexpression of Ec-CC in vitro significantly delayed the cytopathic effect (CPE) progression evoked by SGIV and inhibited the viral genes transcription. Moreover, overexpression of Ec-CC significantly increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines during SGIV infection. Taken together, our results demonstrated that Ec-CC might play a functional role in SGIV infection by regulating the inflammation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shina Wei
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaowen Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Min Yang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jingguang Wei
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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Dev T, Mahajan VK, Sethuraman G. Hereditary Palmoplantar Keratoderma: A Practical Approach to the Diagnosis. Indian Dermatol Online J 2019; 10:365-379. [PMID: 31334055 PMCID: PMC6615398 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_367_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ridged skin of the palms and soles has several unique features: (i) presence of dermatoglyphics created by alternating ridges and grooves forming a unique pattern, (ii) presence of the highest density of eccrine sweat glands and absence of pilosebaceous units, and (iii) differential expression of keratins compared to the glabrous skin. These features explain the preferential localization of palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) and several of its characteristic clinical features. PPK develops as a compensatory hyperproliferation of the epidermis and excessive production of stratum corneum in response to altered cornification of the palmoplantar skin due to mutations in the genes encoding several of the proteins involved in it. PPK can manifest as diffuse, focal, striate, or punctate forms per se or as a feature of several dermatological or systemic diseases. There is a wide genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in hereditary PPK, due to which reaching an accurate diagnosis only on the basis of clinical features may be sometimes challenging for the clinicians in the absence of molecular studies. Nevertheless, recognizing the clinical patterns of keratoderma, extent of involvement, degree of mutilation, and associated appendageal and systemic involvement may help in delineating different forms. Molecular studies, despite high cost, are imperative for accurate classification, recognizing clinical patterns in resource poor settings is important for appropriate diagnosis, genetic counseling, and management. This review intends to develop a practical approach for clinical diagnosis of different types of hereditary PPK with reasonable accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Dev
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikram K Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Gomathy Sethuraman
- Department of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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31
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Korkmaz B, Caughey GH, Chapple I, Gauthier F, Hirschfeld J, Jenne DE, Kettritz R, Lalmanach G, Lamort AS, Lauritzen C, Łȩgowska M, Lesner A, Marchand-Adam S, McKaig SJ, Moss C, Pedersen J, Roberts H, Schreiber A, Seren S, Thakker NS. Therapeutic targeting of cathepsin C: from pathophysiology to treatment. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 190:202-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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32
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3D-QSAR, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations of oxazepane amidoacetonitrile derivatives as novel DPPI inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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33
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Arake Zanatta D, Taniguchi Abagge K, França Souza Gomes Vial I. Painful callosities in a young boy. Pediatr Dermatol 2018; 35:509-510. [PMID: 29984857 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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34
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Guerra L, Castori M, Didona B, Castiglia D, Zambruno G. Hereditary palmoplantar keratodermas. Part II: syndromic palmoplantar keratodermas - Diagnostic algorithm and principles of therapy. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:899-925. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Guerra
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology; Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - M. Castori
- Division of Medical Genetics; Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza-IRCCS; San Giovanni Rotondo Italy
| | - B. Didona
- Rare Skin Disease Center; Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - D. Castiglia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology; Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS; Rome Italy
| | - G. Zambruno
- Genetic and Rare Diseases Research Area and Dermatology Unit; Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS; Rome Italy
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35
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Miller BE, Mayer RJ, Goyal N, Bal J, Dallow N, Boyce M, Carpenter D, Churchill A, Heslop T, Lazaar AL. Epithelial desquamation observed in a phase I study of an oral cathepsin C inhibitor (GSK2793660). Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 83:2813-2820. [PMID: 28800383 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cathepsin C (CTSC) is necessary for the activation of several serine proteases including neutrophil elastase (NE), cathepsin G and proteinase 3. GSK2793660 is an oral, irreversible inhibitor of CTSC that is hypothesized to provide an alternative route to achieve NE inhibition and was tested in a Phase I study. METHODS Single escalating oral doses of GSK2793660 from 0.5 to 20 mg or placebo were administered in a randomized crossover design to healthy male subjects; a separate cohort received once daily doses of 12 mg or placebo for 21 days. Data were collected on safety, pharmacokinetics, CTSC enzyme inhibition and blood biomarkers. RESULTS Single, oral doses of GSK2793660 were able to dose-dependently inhibit whole blood CTSC activity. Once daily dosing of 12 mg GSK2793660 for 21 days achieved ≥90% inhibition (95% CI: 56, 130) of CTSC within 3 h on day 1. Only modest reductions of whole blood enzyme activity of approximately 20% were observed for NE, cathepsin G and proteinase 3. Seven of 10 subjects receiving repeat doses of GSK2793660 manifested epidermal desquamation on palmar and plantar surfaces beginning 7-10 days after dosing commencement. There were no other clinically important safety findings. CONCLUSIONS GSK2793660 inhibited CTSC activity but not the activity of downstream neutrophil serine proteases. The palmar-plantar epidermal desquamation suggests a previously unidentified role for CTSC or one of its target proteins in the maintenance and integrity of the epidermis at these sites, with some similarities to the phenotype of CTSC-deficient humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce E Miller
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, GSK R&D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ruth J Mayer
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, GSK R&D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Navin Goyal
- Clinical Pharmacology Modeling and Simulation, GSK R&D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joanne Bal
- Clinical Pharmacology Sciences and Study Operations, GSK R&D, Stockley Park, UK
| | | | - Malcolm Boyce
- Hammersmith Medicines Research, Cumberland Avenue, London, UK
| | - Donald Carpenter
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, GSK R&D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Teresa Heslop
- Department of In vitro/In vivo Translation, GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, UK
| | - Aili L Lazaar
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit, GSK R&D, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
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36
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Slavkin HC. The Impact of Research on the Future of Dental Education: How Research and Innovation Shape Dental Education and the Dental Profession. J Dent Educ 2017; 81:eS108-eS127. [DOI: 10.21815/jde.017.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harold C. Slavkin
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, and Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology and Dean Emeritus; Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry; University of Southern California
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37
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Thumbigere Math V, Rebouças P, Giovani PA, Puppin-Rontani RM, Casarin R, Martins L, Wang L, Krzewski K, Introne WJ, Somerman MJ, Nociti FH, Kantovitz KR. Periodontitis in Chédiak-Higashi Syndrome: An Altered Immunoinflammatory Response. JDR Clin Trans Res 2017; 3:35-46. [PMID: 29276776 DOI: 10.1177/2380084417724117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chédiak-Higashi syndrome (CHS), a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the lysosomal trafficking regulator gene (LYST), is associated with aggressive periodontitis. It is suggested that LYST mutations affect the toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated immunoinflammatory response, leading to frequent infections. This study sought to determine the periodontal status of patients with classic (severe) and atypical (milder) forms of CHS and the immunoregulatory functions of gingival fibroblasts in CHS patients. In contrast to aged-matched healthy controls, atypical (n = 4) and classic (n = 3) CHS patients presented with mild chronic periodontitis with no evidence of gingival ulceration, severe tooth mobility, or premature exfoliation of teeth. As a standard of care, all classic CHS patients had undergone bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Primary gingival fibroblasts obtained from atypical and BMT classic CHS patients displayed higher protein expression of TLR-2 (1.81-fold and 1.56-fold, respectively) and decreased expression of TLR-4 (-2.5-fold and -3.85-fold, respectively) at baseline when compared with healthy control gingival fibroblasts. When challenged with whole bacterial extract of Fusobacterium nucleatum, both atypical and classic CHS gingival fibroblasts failed to up-regulate TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression when compared with their respective untreated groups and control cells. Cytokine multiplex analysis following F. nucleatum challenge showed that atypical CHS gingival fibroblasts featured significantly increased cytokine expression (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α), whereas classic CHS cells featured similar/decreased cytokine expression when compared with treated control cells. Collectively, these results suggest that LYST mutations in CHS patients affect TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression/function, leading to dysregulated immunoinflammatory response, which in turn may influence the periodontal phenotype noted in CHS patients. Furthermore, our results suggest that atypical CHS patients and classic CHS patients who undergo BMT early in life are less susceptible to aggressive periodontitis and that hematopoietic cells play a critical role in mitigating the risk of aggressive periodontitis in CHS. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Results from this study can be used to create awareness among clinicians and researchers that not all CHS patients exhibit historically reported aggressive periodontitis, especially if they have atypical CHS disease or have received bone marrow transplantation. LYST mutations in CHS patients may affect TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression/function leading to dysregulated immunoinflammatory response, which in turn may influence the periodontal phenotype noted in CHS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Thumbigere Math
- Laboratory of Oral and Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P Rebouças
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - P A Giovani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - R M Puppin-Rontani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - R Casarin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - L Martins
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - L Wang
- Laboratory of Oral and Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - K Krzewski
- Receptor Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD, USA
| | - W J Introne
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M J Somerman
- Laboratory of Oral and Connective Tissue Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - F H Nociti
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - K R Kantovitz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Dental Materials, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Center, Dental School, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Chu Y, Guo Y, Walls AF, Zhou X. The regulatory role of Dipeptidyl peptidase I on the activation of immune granulocytes. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:1093-1102. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chu
- The School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Jiangsu 213164 China
| | - Yaming Guo
- The School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Jiangsu 213164 China
| | - Andrew F. Walls
- The School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Jiangsu 213164 China
- The School of Medicine; The University of Southampton; Southampton SO16 6YD UK
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- The School of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Life Science; Changzhou University; Jiangsu 213164 China
- The School of Medicine; The University of Southampton; Southampton SO16 6YD UK
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39
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Allen P, Bragg RA, Caffrey M, Ericsson C, Hickey MJ, Kingston LP, Elmore CS. The synthesis of a tritium, carbon-14, and stable isotope-labeled cathepsin C inhibitors. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 60:124-129. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Allen
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit; AstraZeneca; Cambridge UK
| | - Ryan A. Bragg
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit; AstraZeneca; Cambridge UK
| | - Moya Caffrey
- Respiratory, Inflammation, and Autoimmunity, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit; AstraZeneca; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Cecilia Ericsson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit; AstraZeneca; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Michael J. Hickey
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit; AstraZeneca; Cambridge UK
| | - Lee P. Kingston
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit; AstraZeneca; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Charles S. Elmore
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit; AstraZeneca; Gothenburg Sweden
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40
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Łęgowska M, Hamon Y, Wojtysiak A, Grzywa R, Sieńczyk M, Burster T, Korkmaz B, Lesner A. Development of the first internally-quenched fluorescent substrates of human cathepsin C: The application in the enzyme detection in biological samples. Arch Biochem Biophys 2016; 612:91-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Khurshid Z, Naseem M, Sheikh Z, Najeeb S, Shahab S, Zafar MS. Oral antimicrobial peptides: Types and role in the oral cavity. Saudi Pharm J 2016. [PMID: 27752223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.02.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a wide-ranging class of host-defense molecules that act early to contest against microbial invasion and challenge. These are small cationic peptides that play an important in the development of innate immunity. In the oral cavity, the AMPs are produced by the salivary glands and the oral epithelium and serve defensive purposes. The aim of this review was to discuss the types and functions of oral AMPs and their role in combating microorganisms and infections in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Khurshid
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Community Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Sheikh
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shariq Najeeb
- School of Dentistry, Al-Farabi Dental College, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Shahab
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Sir Syed College of Medical Sciences for Girls, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
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42
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Khurshid Z, Naseem M, Sheikh Z, Najeeb S, Shahab S, Zafar MS. Oral antimicrobial peptides: Types and role in the oral cavity. Saudi Pharm J 2016; 24:515-524. [PMID: 27752223 PMCID: PMC5059823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a wide-ranging class of host-defense molecules that act early to contest against microbial invasion and challenge. These are small cationic peptides that play an important in the development of innate immunity. In the oral cavity, the AMPs are produced by the salivary glands and the oral epithelium and serve defensive purposes. The aim of this review was to discuss the types and functions of oral AMPs and their role in combating microorganisms and infections in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Khurshid
- School of Materials and Metallurgy, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa Naseem
- Department of Community Dentistry and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ziauddin University, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Sheikh
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shariq Najeeb
- School of Dentistry, Al-Farabi Dental College, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Shahab
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Sir Syed College of Medical Sciences for Girls, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
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43
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Waldman YY, Biddanda A, Dubrovsky M, Campbell CL, Oddoux C, Friedman E, Atzmon G, Halperin E, Ostrer H, Keinan A. The genetic history of Cochin Jews from India. Hum Genet 2016; 135:1127-43. [PMID: 27377974 PMCID: PMC5020127 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-016-1698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Cochin Jews form a small and unique community on the Malabar coast in southwest India. While the arrival time of any putative Jewish ancestors of the community has been speculated to have taken place as far back as biblical times (King Solomon’s era), a Jewish community in the Malabar coast has been documented only since the 9th century CE. Here, we explore the genetic history of Cochin Jews by collecting and genotyping 21 community members and combining the data with that of 707 individuals from 72 other Indian, Jewish, and Pakistani populations, together with additional individuals from worldwide populations. We applied comprehensive genome-wide analyses based on principal component analysis, FST, ADMIXTURE, identity-by-descent sharing, admixture linkage disequilibrium decay, haplotype sharing, allele sharing autocorrelation decay and contrasting the X chromosome with the autosomes. We find that, as reported by several previous studies, the genetics of Cochin Jews resembles that of local Indian populations. However, we also identify considerable Jewish genetic ancestry that is not present in any other Indian or Pakistani populations (with the exception of the Jewish Bene Israel, which we characterized previously). Combined, Cochin Jews have both Jewish and Indian ancestry. Specifically, we detect a significant recent Jewish gene flow into this community 13–22 generations (~470–730 years) ago, with contributions from Yemenite, Sephardi, and Middle-Eastern Jews, in accordance with historical records. Genetic analyses also point to high endogamy and a recent population bottleneck in this population, which might explain the increased prevalence of some recessive diseases in Cochin Jews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yedael Y Waldman
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arjun Biddanda
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Maya Dubrovsky
- Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Carole Oddoux
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Eitan Friedman
- Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gil Atzmon
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Eran Halperin
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
- International Computer Science Institute, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
| | - Harry Ostrer
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Alon Keinan
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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Tekin B, Yucelten D, Beleggia F, Sarig O, Sprecher E. Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome: report of six patients and identification of a novel mutation. Int J Dermatol 2016; 55:898-902. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Burak Tekin
- Department of Dermatology; Marmara University School of Medicine; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Deniz Yucelten
- Department of Dermatology; Marmara University School of Medicine; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Filippo Beleggia
- Institute of Human Genetics; University of Cologne; Cologne Germany
| | - Ofer Sarig
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry; Sackler Faculty of Medicine; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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45
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Nicu EA, Loos BG. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils in periodontitis and their possible modulation as a therapeutic approach. Periodontol 2000 2016; 71:140-63. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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46
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Roberts H, White P, Dias I, McKaig S, Veeramachaneni R, Thakker N, Grant M, Chapple I. Characterization of neutrophil function in Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:433-44. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.5a1015-489r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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47
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Strategies for detection and quantification of cysteine cathepsins-evolution from bench to bedside. Biochimie 2016; 122:48-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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48
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TADA H, SHIMIZU T, NAGAOKA I, TAKADA H. Vitamin D3 analog maxacalcitol (OCT) induces hCAP-18/LL-37 production in human oral epithelial cells . Biomed Res 2016; 37:199-205. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.37.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki TADA
- Division of Oral Microbiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Takamitsu SHIMIZU
- Division of Oral Microbiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Isao NAGAOKA
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University School of Medicine
| | - Haruhiko TAKADA
- Division of Oral Microbiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
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49
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Soliman H, Eldeen HG, Mustafa MI. A novel nonsense mutation in cathepsin C gene in an Egyptian patient presenting with Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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50
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Dababneh RH, Jebrin SE, Khouri AT, Bissada NF. Papillon-Lefèvre or Haim-Munk Syndrome? Report on Two Sisters in a Consanguineous Family. Clin Adv Periodontics 2015; 5:192-200. [DOI: 10.1902/cap.2014.130089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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