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De La Cruz E, Esselin F, Polge A, Mouzat K, Guissart C. Most SOD1 mutations are pathogenic, and their identification can lead to early access to treatment. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2024:jnnp-2024-333939. [PMID: 38925911 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2024-333939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa De La Cruz
- University Hospital Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Florence Esselin
- University Hospital Centre of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Polge
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Nimes, Nimes, France
| | - Kévin Mouzat
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Nimes, Nimes, France
| | - Claire Guissart
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Nimes, Nimes, France
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Sellier C, Corcia P, Vourc'h P, Dupuis L. C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion: From ALS and FTD to a broader pathogenic role? Rev Neurol (Paris) 2024; 180:417-428. [PMID: 38609750 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The major gene underlying monogenic forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) is C9ORF72. The causative mutation in C9ORF72 is an abnormal hexanucleotide (G4C2) repeat expansion (HRE) located in the first intron of the gene. The aim of this review is to propose a comprehensive update on recent developments on clinical, biological and therapeutics aspects related to C9ORF72 in order to highlight the current understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations, and also on biological machinery leading to neuronal death. We will particularly focus on the broad phenotypic presentation of C9ORF72-related diseases, that goes well beyond the classical phenotypes observed in ALS and FTD patients. Last, we will comment the possible therapeutical hopes for patients carrying a C9ORF72 HRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sellier
- Centre de recherches en biomédecine de Strasbourg, UMR-S1329, Inserm, université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Corcia
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Inserm, université de Tours, Tours, France; Centre constitutif de coordination SLA, CHU de Bretonneau, 2, boulevard Tonnelle, 37044 Tours cedex 1, France
| | - P Vourc'h
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Inserm, université de Tours, Tours, France; Service de biochimie et biologie moléculaire, CHU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - L Dupuis
- Centre de recherches en biomédecine de Strasbourg, UMR-S1329, Inserm, université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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3
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Corcia P, Vourc'h P, Bernard E, Cassereau J, Codron P, Fleury MC, Guy N, Mouzat K, Pradat PF, Soriani MH, Couratier P. French National Protocol for genetic of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:1020-1029. [PMID: 37735015 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Relationships between genes and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have been widely accepted since the first studies highlighting pathogenic mutations in the SOD1 gene 30years ago. Over the last three decades, scientific literature has clearly highlighted the central role played by genetic factors in the disease, in both clinics and pathophysiology, as well as in therapeutics. This implies that health professionals who care for patients with ALS are increasingly faced with patients and relatives eager to have answers to questions related to the role of genetic factors in the occurrence of the disease and the risk for their relatives to develop ALS. In order to address these public health issues, the French ALS network FILSLAN proposed to the Haute Autorité de santé (HAS) the drafting of a French National Protocol (PNDS) on ALS genetics. This PNDS was developed according to the "method for developing a national diagnosis and care protocol for rare diseases" published by the HAS in 2012 (methodological guide for PNDS available on the HAS website: http://www.has-sante.fr/). This document aims to provide the most recent data on the role of genes in ALS and to detail the implications for diagnosis and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Corcia
- CRMR SLA, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France; UMR 1253 iBrain, Tours, France.
| | - P Vourc'h
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Tours, France; Laboratoire de biochimie et biologie moléculaire, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | | | | | - P Codron
- CRMR SLA, CHU d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - M-C Fleury
- CRC SLA, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - N Guy
- CRC SLA, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - K Mouzat
- Laboratoire de biochimie et biologie moléculaire, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - P-F Pradat
- CRMR SLA, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Corcia P, Lejeune P, Vourc'h P, Beltran S, Piegay AS, Blasco H, Meininger V. Comparison between PFN1 and SOD1 mutations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:552-554. [PMID: 36176198 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to characterize the prototypical phenotype of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) associated with PFN1 mutations in profilin 1 (PFN1) and to determine clinical indications to test for mutations in this gene. MATERIAL AND METHODS The phenotype of three relatives carrying the M114V PFN1 mutation are detailed here and are compared with those of patients with ALS linked to PFN1 previously reported in the literature. RESULTS In this pedigree and in the literature, the main clinical findings which best describe familial ALS linked to PFN1 might be the following characteristics: pedigrees over five cases, age of onset around 50 years, site of onset systematically lower limbs and the absence of cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION First, the infrequent incidence of patients with ALS linked to PFN1 mutation supports the pursuit of a precise characterization of the phenotype linked to PFN1 mutations. Then, the numerous similarities between the phenotype amongst patients linked to SOD1 and PFN1 mutations and between histological features amongst both mice models prompts a review of the current ALS classifications, taking into consideration both phenotype and genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Corcia
- CRMR SLA, CHU Bretonneau, Tours, France
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - Patrick Vourc'h
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Helene Blasco
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire, Tours, France
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Haouari S, Andres CR, Lanznaster D, Marouillat S, Brulard C, Dangoumau A, Ung D, Veyrat-Durebex C, Laumonnier F, Blasco H, Couratier P, Corcia P, Vourc’h P. Study of Ubiquitin Pathway Genes in a French Population with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Focus on HECW1 Encoding the E3 Ligase NEDL1. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021268. [PMID: 36674783 PMCID: PMC9867363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin pathway, one of the main actors regulating cell signaling processes and cellular protein homeostasis, is directly involved in the pathophysiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We first analyzed, by a next-generation sequencing (NGS) strategy, a series of genes of the ubiquitin pathway in two cohorts of familial and sporadic ALS patients comprising 176 ALS patients. We identified several pathogenic variants in different genes of this ubiquitin pathway already described in ALS, such as FUS, CCNF and UBQLN2. Other variants of interest were discovered in new genes studied in this disease, in particular in the HECW1 gene. We have shown that the HECT E3 ligase called NEDL1, encoded by the HECW1 gene, is expressed in neurons, mainly in their somas. Its overexpression is associated with increased cell death in vitro and, very interestingly, with the cytoplasmic mislocalization of TDP-43, a major protein involved in ALS. These results give new support for the role of the ubiquitin pathway in ALS, and suggest further studies of the HECW1 gene and its protein NEDL1 in the pathophysiology of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanez Haouari
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Christian Robert Andres
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Debora Lanznaster
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Sylviane Marouillat
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Céline Brulard
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Audrey Dangoumau
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Devina Ung
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Charlotte Veyrat-Durebex
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Frédéric Laumonnier
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Hélène Blasco
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Philippe Couratier
- Centre SLA, CHU Limoges, 2 Avenue Martin Luther King, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Philippe Corcia
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
- Centre SLA, CHU Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Patrick Vourc’h
- UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Tours, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-234378910
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Corcia P, Blasco H, Beltran S, Piegay AS, Vourc'h P. Treatment of hereditary amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:54-60. [PMID: 36336493 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Currently, only four molecules can be prescribed for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), of which only one is approved worldwide for this indication, riluzole. Although progress in the therapeutic field remains unsatisfactory, we have to notice that genetics have undergone impressive improvements over the last three decades and, by extension, our knowledge of ALS cases linked to a pathogenic mutation that accounts for 10% of all cases (either sporadic or familiar) and is currently called hereditary ALS (hALS). In many neurological diseases treatment targeting pathogenic genes have significatively improved the natural profile of the disease: this is perfectly illustrated for familial amyloid neuropathy and spinal muscular atrophy. Because of these findings and the urgent need to find a cure for ALS, many trials have focused on familial ALS targeting the four most important genes linked to the disease: C9orf72, SOD1, TARDBP and FUS. We propose in this review an update on the perspectives of treatment that may be available in mid-term in hALS and will discuss in the last part the potential consequences for asymptomatic relatives of patients with a hALS and for ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Corcia
- Centre Reference SLA, CHRU Bretonneau, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France; UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France.
| | - H Blasco
- Laboratoire de biochimie et biologie moléculaire, CHRU Bretonneau, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France; UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - S Beltran
- Centre Reference SLA, CHRU Bretonneau, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - A S Piegay
- Centre Reference SLA, CHRU Bretonneau, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
| | - P Vourc'h
- Laboratoire de biochimie et biologie moléculaire, CHRU Bretonneau, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France; UMR 1253 iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 10, boulevard Tonnellé, 37000 Tours, France
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Müller K, Oh KW, Nordin A, Panthi S, Kim SH, Nordin F, Freischmidt A, Ludolph AC, Ki CS, Forsberg K, Weishaupt J, Kim YE, Andersen PM. De novo mutations in SOD1 are a cause of ALS. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2022; 93:201-206. [PMID: 34518333 PMCID: PMC8784989 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-327520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The only identified cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are mutations in a number of genes found in familial cases but also in sporadic cases. De novo mutations occurring in a parental gonadal cell, in the zygote or postzygotic during embryonal development can result in an apparently sporadic/isolated case of ALS later in life. We searched for de novo mutations in SOD1 as a cause of ALS. METHODS We analysed peripheral-blood exome, genome and Sanger sequencing to identify deleterious mutations in SOD1 in 4000 ALS patients from Germany, South Korea and Sweden. Parental kinship was confirmed using highly polymorphic microsatellite markers across the genome. Medical genealogical and clinical data were reviewed and compared with the literature. RESULTS We identified four sporadic ALS cases with de novo mutations in SOD1. They aggregate in hot-spot codons earlier found mutated in familial cases. Their phenotypes match closely what has earlier been reported in familial cases with pathogenic mutations in SOD1. We also encountered familial cases where de novo mutational events in recent generations may have been involved. CONCLUSIONS De novo mutations are a cause of sporadic ALS and may also be underpinning smaller families with few affected ALS cases. It was not possible to ascertain if the origin of the de novo mutations was parental germline, zygotic or postzygotic during embryonal development. All ALS patients should be offered genetic counselling and genetic screening, the challenges of variant interpretation do not outweigh the potential benefits including earlier confirmed diagnosis and possible bespoken therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ki-Wook Oh
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cell Therapy Center, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Angelica Nordin
- Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sudhan Panthi
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cell Therapy Center, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Frida Nordin
- Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Chang Seok Ki
- Genome Research Centre, GC Genome, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Karin Forsberg
- Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jochen Weishaupt
- Department for Neurodegeneration, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Young-Eun Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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The future of ALS might move towards Genetic Therapy. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2021; 177:613-614. [PMID: 33775441 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Dangoumau A, Marouillat S, Coelho R, Wurmser F, Brulard C, Haouari S, Laumonnier F, Corcia P, Andres CR, Blasco H, Vourc’h P. Dysregulations of Expression of Genes of the Ubiquitin/SUMO Pathways in an In Vitro Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Combining Oxidative Stress and SOD1 Gene Mutation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041796. [PMID: 33670299 PMCID: PMC7918082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregates in affected motor neurons are a hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but the molecular pathways leading to their formation remain incompletely understood. Oxidative stress associated with age, the major risk factor in ALS, contributes to this neurodegeneration in ALS. We show that several genes coding for enzymes of the ubiquitin and small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) pathways exhibit altered expression in motor neuronal cells exposed to oxidative stress, such as the CCNF gene mutated in ALS patients. Eleven of these genes were further studied in conditions combining oxidative stress and the expression of an ALS related mutant of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene. We observed a combined effect of these two environmental and genetic factors on the expression of genes, such as Uhrf2, Rbx1, Kdm2b, Ube2d2, Xaf1, and Senp1. Overall, we identified dysregulations in the expression of enzymes of the ubiquitin and SUMO pathways that may be of interest to better understand the pathophysiology of ALS and to protect motor neurons from oxidative stress and genetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Dangoumau
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Sylviane Marouillat
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Roxane Coelho
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
| | - François Wurmser
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
| | | | - Shanez Haouari
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Frédéric Laumonnier
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
| | - Philippe Corcia
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
- Service de Neurologie, Centre de Référence sur la SLA, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Christian R. Andres
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
- Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Hélène Blasco
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
- Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - Patrick Vourc’h
- UMR iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37000 Tours, France; (A.D.); (S.M.); (R.C.); (F.W.); (S.H.); (F.L.); (P.C.); (C.R.A.); (H.B.)
- UTTIL, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France;
- Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)-234-378-910
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