1
|
Wu X, You C. The biomarkers discovery of hyperuricemia and gout: proteomics and metabolomics. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14554. [PMID: 36632144 PMCID: PMC9828291 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia and gout are a group of disorders of purine metabolism. In recent years, the incidence of hyperuricemia and gout has been increasing, which is a severe threat to people's health. Several studies on hyperuricemia and gout in proteomics and metabolomics have been conducted recently. Some literature has identified biomarkers that distinguish asymptomatic hyperuricemia from acute gout or remission of gout. We summarize the physiological processes in which these biomarkers may be involved and their role in disease progression. Methodology We used professional databases including PubMed, Web of Science to conduct the literature review. This review addresses the current landscape of hyperuricemia and gout biomarkers with a focus on proteomics and metabolomics. Results Proteomic methods are used to identify differentially expressed proteins to find specific biomarkers. These findings may be suggestive for the diagnosis and treatment of hyperuricemia and gout to explore the disease pathogenesis. The identified biomarkers may be mediators of the link between hyperuricemia, gout and kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia. Metabolomics reveals the main influential pathways through small molecule metabolites, such as amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, or other characteristic metabolic pathways. These studies have contributed to the discovery of Chinese medicine. Some traditional Chinese medicine compounds can improve the metabolic disorders of the disease. Conclusions We suggest some possible relationships of potential biomarkers with inflammatory episodes, complement activation, and metabolic pathways. These biomarkers are able to distinguish between different stages of disease development. However, there are relatively few proteomic as well as metabolomic studies on hyperuricemia and gout, and some experiments are only primary screening tests, which need further in-depth study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghong Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chongge You
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ren Z, Mo W, Yang L, Wang J, Zhang Q, Zhong Z, Wei W, Liu Z, Wu Z, Yao Y, Yang J. Cord blood antimicrobial peptide LL37 levels in preterm neonates and association with preterm complications. Ital J Pediatr 2022; 48:111. [PMID: 35804392 PMCID: PMC9270758 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-022-01295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cathelicidin/LL-37 plays a significant role in the human immune defense reaction. Preterm human immature organs being exposed to inflammation-induced injury was the critical denominator leading to the common preterm associated complications. Previous study showed LL37 concentration in preterm neonates was lower in tracheal aspirates and breast milk as compared to term infants. An adults study showed decreased LL-37 levels was a risk factor for patients in developing severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, little is known about the regulation of human cord blood LL37 in preterm neonates and the association with preterm complications. This study was designed to investigate the concentration of LL37 in cord blood of preterm infants and correlation with preterm complications. METHODS Singleton infants born in June 2017 to August 2021 in the study hospital were enrolled. Maternal and neonatal clinical characteristics were collected. LL37 levels, pro-inflammatory factor interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) in cord blood and LL37 levels in serum 48-72 hours after birth were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The serum level of LL37 in preterm and term neonates were compared, the perinatal factors possibly affecting the LL37 levels were investigated and the relationship between LL37 level and preterm outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS Cord blood LL37 levels in preterm infants were lower than that in term neonates. Cord blood LL37 level was positively correlated with gestational age in preterm. Prenatal steroid administration in preterm neonates decreased cord blood LL37 level. LL37 level was obviously lower in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Multiple line regression analysis showed higher LL37 level in cord blood was an independent protective factor for BPD. The concentration of pro-inflammatory factor IL-6 was negatively correlated with LL37. CONCLUSION Cord blood LL37 levels increased during gestation and decreased after perinatal steroid usage. Very preterm infants who displayed higher cord blood LL37 level had reduced risk of developing BPD. Regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 may be associated with the protective effect of LL37 on BPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxiao Ren
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Mo
- Department of Neonatology, Foshan fosun chancheng hospital, Foshan, China.
| | - Liling Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianlan Wang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Clinical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhong
- Clinical Genetic Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Guangdong Cord Blood Bank, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhiping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Cell Regeneration and Biological Therapies, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Neonatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sawadogo SA, Dighero-Kemp B, Ouédraogo DD, Hensley L, Sakandé J. How NETosis could drive "Post-COVID-19 syndrome" among survivors. Immunol Lett 2020; 228:35-37. [PMID: 33007368 PMCID: PMC7524448 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serge A Sawadogo
- Université Joseph Ki Zerbo, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Institut pour la Promotion de la Recherche et de l'Innovation en Immunologie Médicale de Ouagadougou (PrïmO) site Nelson Mandela, Immunology department, 09 BP 706, Ouagadougou 09, Burkina Faso.
| | - Bonnie Dighero-Kemp
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Integrated Research Facility Division of Clinical Research, Virology Department, 8200 Research Plaza Fort Detrick, MD, 21702, United States
| | - Dieu-Donné Ouédraogo
- Université Joseph Ki Zerbo, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bogodogo, Rheumatology Department, 14 BP 371 Ouagadougou 14, Burkina Faso
| | - Lisa Hensley
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Integrated Research Facility Division of Clinical Research, Virology Department 8200 Research Plaza Fort Detrick, MD, 21702 United States
| | - Jean Sakandé
- Université Joseph Ki Zerbo, Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado OUEDRAOGO, Biochemistry Department, 01 BP 5234 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pahar B, Madonna S, Das A, Albanesi C, Girolomoni G. Immunomodulatory Role of the Antimicrobial LL-37 Peptide in Autoimmune Diseases and Viral Infections. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E517. [PMID: 32927756 PMCID: PMC7565865 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are produced by neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, as well as epithelial cells, and are an essential component of innate immunity system against infection, including several viral infections. AMPs, in particular the cathelicidin LL-37, also exert numerous immunomodulatory activities by inducing cytokine production and attracting and regulating the activity of immune cells. AMPs are scarcely expressed in normal skin, but their expression increases when skin is injured by external factors, such as trauma, inflammation, or infection. LL-37 complexed to self-DNA acts as autoantigen in psoriasis and lupus erythematosus (LE), where it also induces production of interferon by plasmocytoid dendritic cells and thus initiates a cascade of autocrine and paracrine processes, leading to a disease state. In these disorders, epidermal keratinocytes express high amounts of AMPs, which can lead to uncontrolled inflammation. Similarly, LL-37 had several favorable and unfavorable roles in virus replication and disease pathogenesis. Targeting the antiviral and immunomodulatory functions of LL-37 opens a new approach to limit virus dissemination and the progression of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bapi Pahar
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Stefania Madonna
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermopathic Institute of the Immaculate IDI, 00167 Rome, Italy; (S.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Arpita Das
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA;
| | - Cristina Albanesi
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermopathic Institute of the Immaculate IDI, 00167 Rome, Italy; (S.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Giampiero Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hemshekhar M, Piyadasa H, Mostafa D, Chow LNY, Halayko AJ, Mookherjee N. Cathelicidin and Calprotectin Are Disparately Altered in Murine Models of Inflammatory Arthritis and Airway Inflammation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1932. [PMID: 32973796 PMCID: PMC7468387 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic host defense peptides (CHDP) are immunomodulatory molecules that control infections and contribute to immune homeostasis. CHDP such as cathelicidin and calprotectin expression is altered in the arthritic synovium, and in the lungs of asthma and COPD patients. Recent studies suggest a link between airway inflammation and the immunopathology of arthritis. Therefore, in this study we compared the abundance of mouse cathelicidin (CRAMP), defensins, and calprotectin subunits (S100A8 and S100A9) in murine models of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and allergen house dust mite (HDM)-challenged airway inflammation. CRAMP, S100A8, and S100A9 abundance were significantly elevated in the joint tissues of CIA mice, whereas these were decreased in the lung tissues of HDM-challenged mice, compared to naïve. We further compared the effects of administration of two different synthetic immunomodulatory peptides, IG-19 and IDR-1002, on cathelicidin and calprotectin abundance in the two models. Administration of IG-19, which controls disease progression and inflammation in CIA mice, significantly decreased CRAMP, S100A8, and S100A9 levels to baseline in the joints of the CIA mice, which correlated with the decrease in cellular influx in the joints. However, administration of IDR-1002, which suppresses HDM-induced airway inflammation, did not prevent the decrease in the levels of cathelicidin and calprotectin in the lungs of HDM-challenged mice. Cathelicidin and calprotectin levels did not correlate with leukocyte accumulation in the lungs of the HDM-challenged mice. Results of this study suggest that endogenous cathelicidin and calprotectin abundance are disparately altered, and may be differentially regulated, within local tissues in airway inflammation compared to arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahadevappa Hemshekhar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hadeesha Piyadasa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Dina Mostafa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Leola N Y Chow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, The Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Neeloffer Mookherjee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,Biology of Breathing Group, The Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Al-Adwani S, Wallin C, Balhuizen MD, Veldhuizen EJA, Coorens M, Landreh M, Végvári Á, Smith ME, Qvarfordt I, Lindén A, Gräslund A, Agerberth B, Bergman P. Studies on citrullinated LL-37: detection in human airways, antibacterial effects and biophysical properties. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2376. [PMID: 32047184 PMCID: PMC7012854 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine residues of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 can be citrullinated by peptidyl arginine deiminases, which reduce the positive charge of the peptide. Notably, citrullinated LL-37 has not yet been detected in human samples. In addition, functional and biophysical properties of citrullinated LL-37 are not fully explored. The aim of this study was to detect citrullinated LL-37 in human bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and to determine antibacterial and biophysical properties of citrullinated LL-37. BAL fluid was obtained from healthy human volunteers after intra-bronchial exposure to lipopolysaccharide. Synthetic peptides were used for bacterial killing assays, transmission electron microscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, mass-spectrometry and circular dichroism. Using targeted proteomics, we were able to detect both native and citrullinated LL-37 in BAL fluid. The citrullinated peptide did not kill Escherichia coli nor lysed human red blood cells. Both peptides had similar α-helical secondary structures but citrullinated LL-37 was more stable at higher temperatures, as shown by circular dichroism. In conclusion, citrullinated LL-37 is present in the human airways and citrullination impaired bacterial killing, indicating that a net positive charge is important for antibacterial and membrane lysing effects. It is possible that citrullination serves as a homeostatic regulator of AMP-function by alteration of key functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salma Al-Adwani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Cecilia Wallin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Melanie D Balhuizen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Division of Molecular Host Defence, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Division of Molecular Host Defence, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Coorens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Landreh
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ákos Végvári
- Division of Physiological Chemistry I, Department of Medical Biochemistry & Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margaretha E Smith
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingemar Qvarfordt
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Lindén
- Unit for Lung and Airway Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Astrid Gräslund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Agerberth
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Bergman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Infectious Disease Clinic, Immunodeficiency Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|