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Factors Associated With Smoking Behaviors Among Late Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taiwan. J Addict Nurs 2021; 32:46-51. [PMID: 33646718 DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study examined factors associated with smoking behaviors among late adolescents in Taiwan. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 377 adolescents from four high schools who answered self-report questionnaires. The results indicated that 10.8% (n = 41) of the participants were current smokers. Univariate analysis indicated that current smoking status was significantly associated with smoking social confidence, smoking social connection, friend smoking, and smoking policy in schools. Logistic regression showed smoking social confidence (adjusted odds ratio = 1.41, 95% CI [1.16, 1.72], p = .01) and friend smoking (adjusted odds ratio = 2.80, 95% CI [1.67, 4.70], p < .01) were significantly associated with being a current smoker. Health professionals should consider implementing school-based programs to reduce influence of friend smoking, through strategies for resisting peer pressure, to reduce smoking. Educating late adolescents on improving skills related to social confidence, such as increasing communication abilities, should also be a part of these programs.
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Kim SY, Jang M, Yoo S, JeKarl J, Chung JY, Cho SI. School-Based Tobacco Control and Smoking in Adolescents: Evidence from Multilevel Analyses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3422. [PMID: 32423028 PMCID: PMC7277168 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since 2015, universal comprehensive school-based tobacco control programs have been provided in all primary and secondary schools in Korea. This study explored the association of school-level tobacco control with adolescent smoking, and the interactions to investigate whether gender moderates the impact of school tobacco control programs and school-level norms. Both school- and individual-level data were drawn from the 2015 School-Based Tobacco Prevention Program Survey. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed using data from 4631 students (ages 10-18 years) who were nested in 62 secondary schools in Seoul, Korea. Students who participated in more prevention programs were less likely to smoke (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.30-0.74). The effect of the programs was significantly moderated by gender. For boys, exposure to a greater number of programs decreased the risk of smoking (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.18-0.57) but not for girls. At the school level, the school norm regarding tobacco control regulations was negatively associated with smoking (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.11-0.76), and its effect was significant for girls only (OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.17-0.76). This study highlights how the school environment is associated with adolescent smoking behavior, and the effects of programs and norms are different by gender. The findings suggest the need to develop strategies to enhance school-based tobacco control programs and the school norm considering gender differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Yeon Kim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.K.); (S.Y.)
| | - Myungwha Jang
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Seunghyun Yoo
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.K.); (S.Y.)
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Jung JeKarl
- Department of Health Convergence, College of Science and Industry Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea;
| | | | - Sung-il Cho
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.Y.K.); (S.Y.)
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
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KUTLU R, DEMİRBAŞ N, YEŞİLDAĞ K, ÇAVDARCI F. FREQUENCY of TOBACCO and TOBACCO PRODUCTS in THE PRIMARY and SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: CASE OF KONYA. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.506915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hoffmann L, Mlinarić M, Mï Lard N, Leï O T, Grard A, Lindfors P, Kunst AE, Richter M. '[…] the situation in the schools still remains the Achilles heel.' Barriers to the implementation of school tobacco policies-a qualitative study from local stakeholder's perspective in seven European cities. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2020; 35:32-43. [PMID: 31943060 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyz037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
School tobacco policies (STPs) are a crucial strategy to reduce adolescents smoking. Existing studies have investigated STPs predominantly from a school-related 'insider' view. Yet, little is known about barriers that are not identified from the 'schools' perspective', such as perceptions of local stakeholders. Forty-six expert interviews from seven European cities with stakeholders at the local level (e.g. representatives of regional health departments, youth protection and the field of addiction prevention) were included. The analysis of the expert interviews revealed different barriers that should be considered during the implementation of STPs. These barriers can be subsumed under the following: (i) Barriers regarding STP legislature (e.g. inconsistencies, partial bans), (ii) collaboration and cooperation problems between institutions and schools, (iii) low priority of smoking prevention and school smoking bans, (iv) insufficient human resources and (v) resistance among smoking students and students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Our findings on the expert's perspective indicate a need to enhance and implement comprehensive school smoking bans. Furthermore, collaboration and cooperation between schools and external institutions should be fostered and strengthened, and adequate human resources should be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hoffmann
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany
| | - Martin Mlinarić
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany
| | - Nora Mï Lard
- Institute of Health and Society, Universit� catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, IRSS Clos Chapelle-aux-champs 30/B1.30.15 1200 Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Teresa Leï O
- Centro de Investiga��o em Sa�de P�blica, Escola Nacional de Sa�de P�blica, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Av. Padre Cruz, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Adeline Grard
- Institute of Health and Society, Universit� catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, IRSS Clos Chapelle-aux-champs 30/B1.30.15 1200 Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pirjo Lindfors
- Faculty of Social Sciences (SOC), Health Sciences, 33014 Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anton E Kunst
- Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Richter
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany
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Boing AC, Boing AF, Subramanian SV. Association of violence in schools' vicinity and smoking in schools' premises with tobacco use among Brazilian adolescents. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2019; 35:e00057919. [PMID: 31800782 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00057919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to quantify the overall importance of schools in explaining the individual variance of tobacco use and to test the association between characteristics of the school environment and its vicinity with the experimentation and current use of cigarettes. We analyzed data from 102,072 Brazilian adolescents interviewed in the 2015 National School Health Survey (PeNSE). Multilevel logistic regression models were performed to estimate the between-schools variance and to test the association between school-level variables and the use of tobacco. Violence in the vicinity of the school and presence of teachers or students smoking on school premises were the school-level characteristics. The analyses were adjusted by individual covariates and stratified by gender. Around 12.5% of the individual variance in ever smoking was explained by between-school variation among girls (9.2% among boys). The figures were even higher for current smoking (14.9% girls; 12.2% boys) and current use of other tobacco products (27.7% girls; 17.8% boys). In general, the use of tobacco was associated with the existence of violence in the vicinity of the schools and was higher among students whose schools reported that students and teachers (teachers only for use of other tobacco products among girls) smoke on school premises. Tobacco use on school premises and the safety of the neighborhood where the school is located are associated with some smoking behaviors among adolescents. Such findings reinforce the necessity to effectively consider interventions in the school environment and neighborhood to fight smoking among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Fernando Boing
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brasil.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, U.S.A
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Zhu J, Shi F, Xu G, Li N, Li J, He Y, Yu J. Conventional Cigarette and E-Cigarette Smoking among School Personnel in Shanghai, China: Prevalence and Determinants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173197. [PMID: 31480564 PMCID: PMC6747063 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Smoking cigarettes and e-cigarettes is widely popular among Chinese students. Considering that school personnel are considered role models in the student community, we investigated the prevalence and determinants of such behavior among high school personnel in China so as to provide references for future related intervention measures. We used a stratified cluster sampling design on a total number of 3311 school employees recruited from 33 representative schools. Complex sampling analysis and logistic regressions were used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Among 3194 participants that met the study criteria, 7.4% were cigarette users, and 3.6% e-cigarette consumers. For conventional cigarette smokers, certain characteristics, such as being older and male, attaining less education, and having been exposed to secondhand smoke, were associated with heavier smoking. Nevertheless, e-cigarette users were predominantly male and of younger age. Those who understood the hazards of conventional cigarette smoking had less inclination to smoke but were at a higher risk of e-cigarette use. Our analysis suggests that it is necessary to target different populations for monitoring and controlling conventional cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use respectively among school personnel. In addition, China is in need of more relevant and strict anti-smoking regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfen Zhu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fanghui Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yaping He
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Jinming Yu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Yu H, Engberg J, Scharf D. One size fits all? Disentangling the effects of tobacco taxes, laws, and control spending on adult subgroups in the United States. Subst Abus 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2018.1449050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Escario JJ, Wilkinson AV. Visibility of smoking among school-teachers in Spain and associations with student smoking: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e018736. [PMID: 29306888 PMCID: PMC5781066 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Limited research has examined the association between smoking among schoolteachers and student smoking. This paper seeks to assess whether smoking visibility on school grounds among schoolteachers is associated with student smoking. We examine both smoking behaviour and the number of cigarettes consumed. METHODS We use a school-based cross-sectional survey carried out by the Spanish Government's Delegation for the National Plan on Drugs. A total of 27 503 students between 14 and 18 years of age completed an anonymous survey in 2013. Count data regressions were used to assess the association between observed teacher smoking and adolescent smoking behaviour. RESULTS High levels of visibility of teacher smoking on school grounds increased the odds of being a smoker among students (OR=2.09 and OR=1.64, for the highest levels of visibility), but the impact on the quantity of cigarettes smoked, although positive, was not significant. CONCLUSION Teacher smoking on school grounds is associated with student smoking behaviour. Consequently, smoking policies designed to prevent adolescent smoking should address this important social environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Julián Escario
- Faculty of Business and Public Management (Facultad de Empresa y Gestión Pública), University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Anna V Wilkinson
- School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, Austin, Texas, USA
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Tobacco use patterns, knowledge, attitudes towards tobacco and availability of tobacco control training among school personnel from a rural area in Poland. Tob Induc Dis 2017; 15:3. [PMID: 28096794 PMCID: PMC5225631 DOI: 10.1186/s12971-016-0110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tobacco-free school environment as well as non-smoking teachers and school personnel provide positive role models for children and young people. In Poland, smoking should be banned in colleges, schools, educational establishments and educational care facilities. However, for the existing law to be effective, awareness of all people in school curriculum and enforcement of the law are crucial. The aim of the study was to evaluate tobacco use patterns, knowledge and attitudes towards tobacco as well as availability of tobacco control training among school personnel in a rural area in Poland. Moreover, compliance with tobacco control policies and their enforcement were assessed. Methods The study was carried out in Piotrkowski district between November 2014 and May 2015 in accordance with the Global School Personnel Survey (GSPS) methodology. Sixty schools participated in the survey (92% of the schools from the region) with involvement of 1044 teachers and 500 non-teaching staff (the response rate – 83.1%). The multivariate linear regression analyses were applied to study factors linked to the need for anti-tobacco training dedicated to the youth and teachers’ knowledge as well as activities to educate the students about tobacco use and its prevention. Results About 24% of the school personnel were current and 9% were ex-smokers. Significantly more teachers than the non-teaching staff indicated that the schools had a policy prohibiting tobacco use among students. In addition, 6% of the study participants indicated everyday violations of the tobacco control policy by the school personnel. More than 80% of the teaching personnel indicated the need for training dedicated to the youth to prevent their tobacco use. In the multivariate linear regression model, longer duration of working experience predicted higher levels of knowledge and more activities performed to teach the youth about tobacco use and its prevention. The smokers comparing to the non–smokers perceived the need for anti- tobacco training among the youth less strongly. Conclusions In order to make it possible for the inhabitants of Piotrkowski district to work and learn in tobacco smoke free environment there is an urgent need for taking actions aiming at increasing effectiveness of enforcing applicable tobacco control regulations in educational units. The necessity for systematic training dedicated to the youth to prevent their tobacco use, including accurate preparation of teachers, also needs to be highlighted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12971-016-0110-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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