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Malkani R, Paramasivam S, Wolfensohn S. A Multidimensional Evaluation of the Factors in the Animal Welfare Assessment Grid (AWAG) That Are Associated with, and Predictive of, Behaviour Disorders in Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:528. [PMID: 38396496 PMCID: PMC10886356 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Behavioural disorders in dogs are common and have severe welfare consequences for dogs. This study aimed to assess the factors that are significant and predictive of behaviour problems in dogs using the animal welfare assessment grid (AWAG) to further understand what factors influence their welfare. 177 AWAG assessments were undertaken across 129 dogs that clinicians deemed to have a behavioural disorder. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to assess the difference in scores between dogs with behaviour disorders and a cohort of healthy dogs (n = 117). This analysis showed that all physical factors besides body condition, all procedural factors besides procedure pain, and all psychological, and environmental factors were significantly different between healthy dogs and dogs with behaviour disorders. Spearman rank correlation coefficient (RS) revealed several significant strong positive correlations including the procedural impact on the dog's daily routine with aggression towards unfamiliar people and procedure pain, as well as other correlations between the dog's behaviour during assessment with the frequency at which they encounter fears and anxieties, clinical assessment and procedure pain, and reaction to stressors and social interactions. These findings highlight the interdependent nature of the various influences of welfare. Logistic regression analysis identified that aggression towards the caregiver, fears and anxieties frequency, and choice, control, and predictability were all significant predictors of behaviour disorders. The findings have important implications for veterinary, behaviour, and animal welfare professionals as any changes across these factors may indicate poor welfare linked to emotional disorders in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Malkani
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK; (S.P.); (S.W.)
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Schaldemose M, Lehnus K. Peripheral nerve block of the dorsal cranium in two dogs undergoing craniotomy. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Akashi N, Murahata Y, Hosokawa M, Hikasa Y, Okamoto Y, Imagawa T. Cardiovascular and renal effects of constant rate infusions of remifentanil, dexmedetomidine and their combination in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 83:285-296. [PMID: 33310997 PMCID: PMC7972892 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated changes in cardiovascular and renal functions as well as arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion, with remifentanil and dexmedetomidine administration alone or in combination in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs. Six healthy adult Beagle dogs received one of the following four treatments in a randomized crossover study: saline (C), remifentanil alone at successively increasing doses (R; 0.15, 0.60, and 2.40 µg/kg/min), dexmedetomidine alone (D; 0.5 µg/kg intravenously for initial 10 min followed by a constant rate infusion at 0.5 µg/kg/hr), and a combination of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine at the above-mentioned doses (RD). Sevoflurane doses were adjusted to 1.5 times of minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) equivalent according to MAC-sparing effects with remifentanil and dexmedetomidine as previously reported. Cardiovascular measurements, renal function data, and plasma AVP concentrations were determined before and every 60 min until 180 min after drug administration as per each treatment. In the R, D and RD, heart rate significantly decreased and mean arterial pressure significantly increased from baseline or with C. Cardiac index significantly decreased and systemic vascular resistance index increased with D and RD. Oxygen extraction ratio, renal blood flow, and glomerular filtration rate were not affected. The plasma AVP concentrations significantly decreased in D and RD, but increased in R. Only in D, the natriuresis was elicited. The combination of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs was acceptable in terms of the hemodynamics, oxygenation, and renal function. Remifentanil may interfere with dexmedetomidine-induced diuresis and inhibition of AVP secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Akashi
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murahata
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Masahumi Hosokawa
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hikasa
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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Pohlin F, Boustead KJ, Grace JF, Zeiler G. Isoflurane maintenance of neuroanaesthesia in two dogs with hydrocephalus and syringohydromyelia undergoing ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2020-001235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Pohlin
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical StudiesUniversity of PretoriaOnderstepoortSouth Africa
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care ServiceValley Farm Animal HospitalPretoriaSouth Africa
- Research Institute of Wildlife EcologyDepartment of Interdisciplinary Life SciencesUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Keagan John Boustead
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical StudiesUniversity of PretoriaOnderstepoortSouth Africa
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care ServiceValley Farm Animal HospitalPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Justin Frederick Grace
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical StudiesUniversity of PretoriaOnderstepoortSouth Africa
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care ServiceValley Farm Animal HospitalPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Gareth Zeiler
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical StudiesUniversity of PretoriaOnderstepoortSouth Africa
- Anaesthesia and Critical Care ServiceValley Farm Animal HospitalPretoriaSouth Africa
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