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Stack ME, Cossaboon JM, Tubbs CW, Vilchis LI, Felton RG, Johnson JL, Danil K, Heckel G, Hoh E, Dodder NG. Assessing Marine Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in the Critically Endangered California Condor: Implications for Reintroduction to Coastal Environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:7800-7809. [PMID: 35579339 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coastal reintroduction sites for California condors (Gymnogyps californianus) can lead to elevated halogenated organic compound (HOC) exposure and potential health impacts due to the consumption of scavenged marine mammals. Using nontargeted analysis based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC/TOF-MS), we compared HOC profiles of plasma from inland and coastal scavenging California condors from the state of California (CA), and marine mammal blubber from CA and the Gulf of California off Baja California (BC), Mexico. We detected more HOCs in coastal condors (32 ± 5, mean number of HOCs ± SD, n = 7) than in inland condors (8 ± 1, n = 10) and in CA marine mammals (136 ± 87, n = 25) than in BC marine mammals (55 ± 46, n = 8). ∑DDT-related compounds, ∑PCBs, and total tris(chlorophenyl)methane (∑TCPM) were, respectively, ∼7, ∼3.5, and ∼148 times more abundant in CA than in BC marine mammals. The endocrine-disrupting potential of selected polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) congeners, TCPM, and TCPMOH was determined by in vitro California condor estrogen receptor (ER) activation. The higher levels of HOCs in coastal condors compared to those in inland condors and lower levels of HOC contamination in Baja California marine mammals compared to those from the state of California are factors to consider in condor reintroduction efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E Stack
- San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Jennifer M Cossaboon
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Christopher W Tubbs
- Conservation Science Wildlife Health, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, California 92027, United States
| | - L Ignacio Vilchis
- Conservation Science Wildlife Health, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, California 92027, United States
| | - Rachel G Felton
- Conservation Science Wildlife Health, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, Escondido, California 92027, United States
| | - Jade L Johnson
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Kerri Danil
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Gisela Heckel
- Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada, 22860 Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Eunha Hoh
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
| | - Nathan G Dodder
- San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, California 92182, United States
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182, United States
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Robinson JA, Kyriazis CC, Nigenda-Morales SF, Beichman AC, Rojas-Bracho L, Robertson KM, Fontaine MC, Wayne RK, Lohmueller KE, Taylor BL, Morin PA. The critically endangered vaquita is not doomed to extinction by inbreeding depression. Science 2022; 376:635-639. [PMID: 35511971 PMCID: PMC9881057 DOI: 10.1126/science.abm1742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In cases of severe wildlife population decline, a key question is whether recovery efforts will be impeded by genetic factors, such as inbreeding depression. Decades of excess mortality from gillnet fishing have driven Mexico's vaquita porpoise (Phocoena sinus) to ~10 remaining individuals. We analyzed whole-genome sequences from 20 vaquitas and integrated genomic and demographic information into stochastic, individual-based simulations to quantify the species' recovery potential. Our analysis suggests that the vaquita's historical rarity has resulted in a low burden of segregating deleterious variation, reducing the risk of inbreeding depression. Similarly, genome-informed simulations suggest that the vaquita can recover if bycatch mortality is immediately halted. This study provides hope for vaquitas and other naturally rare endangered species and highlights the utility of genomics in predicting extinction risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline A. Robinson
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christopher C. Kyriazis
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sergio F. Nigenda-Morales
- Advanced Genomics Unit, National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (Langebio), Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav); Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | | | - Lorenzo Rojas-Bracho
- Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas/SEMARNAT; Ensenada, Mexico
- PNUD-Sinergia en la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Ensenada, B.C., México
| | - Kelly M. Robertson
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA ; La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael C. Fontaine
- MIVEGEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD; Montpellier, France
- Centre de Recherche en Écologie et Évolution de la Santé (CREES); Montpellier, France
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen; Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert K. Wayne
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kirk E. Lohmueller
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Barbara L. Taylor
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA ; La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Phillip A. Morin
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA ; La Jolla, CA, USA
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