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Behling EB, Camelo Júnior JS, Ferriolli E, Pfrimer K, Monteiro JP. NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN CHILDREN WITH CANCER: COMPARISON OF DEUTERIUM OXIDE DILUTION WITH BIOELECTRIC IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS AND ANTHROPOMETRY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 39:e2019209. [PMID: 32756757 PMCID: PMC7401501 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2019209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore changes in the nutritional status of pediatric cancer patients
before and after chemotherapy and evaluate the correlation between deuterium
oxide dilution, bioelectric impedance analysis, and anthropometry for
assessment of body composition. Methods: This study included 14 children (aged 5.6 to 13.6 years) and classified them
as having hematologic or solid tumors. They had their body composition
analyzed according to deuterium oxide, bioelectric impedance, and
anthropometric measurements before the first chemotherapy cycle and after
three and six months of therapy. Results: The patients in the hematologic tumor group had an increase in weight,
height, body mass index, waist, hip, and arm circumference, subscapular
skinfold thickness, and fat mass with the isotope dilution technique during
chemotherapy. In the solid tumor group, the children showed a reduction in
fat-free mass when assessed by bioimpedance analysis. We found a positive
correlation between the triceps skinfold thickness and fat mass determined
by bioimpedance analysis and deuterium oxide. The arm muscle circumference
correlated with the fat-free mass estimated by bioimpedance analysis and
deuterium oxide. Conclusions: Patients with hematologic tumors had an increase in body weight, height, and
fat mass, which was not identified in the solid tumor group. The positive
correlation between anthropometry (triceps skinfold thickness and arm muscle
circumference), deuterium oxide dilution, and bioelectric impedance analysis
shows the applicability of anthropometry in clinical practice.
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Orsso CE, Silva MIB, Gonzalez MC, Rubin DA, Heymsfield SB, Prado CM, Haqq AM. Assessment of body composition in pediatric overweight and obesity: A systematic review of the reliability and validity of common techniques. Obes Rev 2020; 21:e13041. [PMID: 32374499 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Accurate measurement of body composition is required to improve health outcomes in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. This systematic review aimed to summarize the reliability and validity of field and laboratory body composition techniques employed in pediatric obesity studies to facilitate technique selection for research and clinical practice implementation. A systematic search in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus from inception up to December 2019 was conducted, using a combination of the following concepts: body composition, pediatric overweight/obesity, and reliability/validity. The search strategy resulted in 66 eligible articles reporting reliability (19.7%), agreement between body composition techniques cross sectionally (80.3%), and/or diagnostic test accuracy (10.6%) in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity (mean age range = 7.0-16.5 years). Skinfolds, air-displacement plethysmography (ADP), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and ultrasound presented as reliable techniques. DXA, ADP, and isotope dilution showed similar and the best agreement with reference standards. Compared with these laboratory techniques, the validity of estimating body composition by anthropometric equations, skinfolds, and BIA was inferior. In conclusion, the assessment of body composition by laboratory techniques cannot be replaced by field techniques due to introduction of measurement errors, which potentially conceal actual changes in body components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila E Orsso
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maria Ines B Silva
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Applied Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Applied Nutrition, Nutrition School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Gonzalez
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.,Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Daniela A Rubin
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA
| | - Steven B Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrea M Haqq
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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MARTÍNEZ-SÁNCHEZ SM, MARTÍNEZ-GARCÍA TE, MUNGUÍA-IZQUIERDO D. Physical fitness and nutritional status in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa. REV NUTR 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202033e190154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to determine whether physical fitness is related to nutritional status in a sample of female adolescents with anorexia nervosa, to contrast the nourished and undernourished patients, and to compare the physical fitness in these patients with normative data of healthy subjects stratified by age and gender. Methods Nutritional status was determined using the body mass index Z-score, fat mass, fat-free mass (bioelectrical impedance analysis), and the Controlling Nutritional Status score in 15 anorexic adolescents with 14.3±1.6 years. Physical fitness was assessed using the ALPHA-Fitness Battery (handgrip strength, standing broad jump, 4x10m shuttle run, and 20m shuttle run tests). Results Handgrip strength was significantly associated with all variables of nutritional status, except with the three blood components of the Controlling Nutritional Status score. The undernourished anorexic patients showed significantly worse physical fitness than the nourished anorexic patients in all tests, except in the standing broad jump and the 4x10m shuttle run tests. The physical fitness tests of the female anorexic adolescents showed scores significantly worse than those of the normative European female adolescent population. Conclusion The observation of female adolescents with anorexia nervosa showed associations between higher physical fitness levels and better nutritional statuses. Handgrip strength and 20m shuttle run tests may be options of additional indicators of undernutrition in anorexic female adolescents. The undernourished anorexic patients showed worse physical fitness than the nourished ones. According to normative data for healthy sex- and agematched adolescents, physical fitness is severely impaired in anorexic female adolescents.
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Yamada Y, Nishizawa M, Uchiyama T, Kasahara Y, Shindo M, Miyachi M, Tanaka S. Developing and Validating an Age-Independent Equation Using Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis for Estimation of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass and Establishing a Cutoff for Sarcopenia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14070809. [PMID: 28753945 PMCID: PMC5551247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Appendicular skeletal muscle (or lean) mass (ALM) estimated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is considered to be a preferred method for sarcopenia studies. However, DXA is expensive, has limited portability, and requires radiation exposure. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is inexpensive, easy to use, and portable; thus BIA might be useful in sarcopenia investigations. However, a large variety of models have been commercially supplied by different companies, and for most consumer products, the equations estimating ALM are not disclosed. It is therefore difficult to use these equations for research purposes. In particular, the BIA equation is often age-dependent, which leads to fundamental difficulty in examining age-related ALM loss. The aims of the current study were as follows: (1) to develop and validate an equation to estimate ALM using multi-frequency BIA (MF-BIA) based on theoretical models, and (2) to establish sarcopenia cutoff values using the equation for the Japanese population. Methods: We measured height (Ht), weight, and ALM obtained using DXA and a standing-posture 8-electrode MF-BIA (5, 50, 250 kHz) in 756 Japanese individuals aged 18 to 86-years-old (222 men and 301 women as developing equation group and 97 men and 136 women as a cross validation group). The traditional impedance index (Ht²/Z50) and impedance ratio of high and low frequency (Z250/Z₅) of hand to foot values were calculated. Multiple regression analyses were conducted with ALM as dependent variable in men and women separately. Results: We created the following equations: ALM = (0.6947 × (Ht²/Z50)) + (-55.24 × (Z250/Z₅)) + (-10,940 × (1/Z50)) + 51.33 for men, and ALM = (0.6144 × (Ht²/Z50)) + (-36.61 × (Z250/Z₅)) + (-9332 × (1/Z50)) + 37.91 for women. Additionally, we conducted measurements in 1624 men and 1368 women aged 18 to 40 years to establish sarcopenia cutoff values in the Japanese population. The mean values minus 2 standard deviations of the skeletal muscle mass index (ALM/Ht²) in these participants were 6.8 and 5.7 kg/m² in men and women, respectively. Conclusion: The current study established and validated a theoretical and age-independent equation using MF-BIA to estimate ALM and provided reasonable sarcopenia cutoff values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Miyuki Nishizawa
- TANITA Body Weight Scientific Institute, TANITA Corporation, 1-14-2 Maeno, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174-8630, Japan.
| | - Tomoka Uchiyama
- TANITA Body Weight Scientific Institute, TANITA Corporation, 1-14-2 Maeno, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174-8630, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Kasahara
- TANITA Body Weight Scientific Institute, TANITA Corporation, 1-14-2 Maeno, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174-8630, Japan.
| | - Mikio Shindo
- TANITA Body Weight Scientific Institute, TANITA Corporation, 1-14-2 Maeno, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 174-8630, Japan.
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
| | - Shigeho Tanaka
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
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