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Németh MZ, Mizuno Y, Kobayashi H, Seress D, Shishido N, Kimura Y, Takamatsu S, Suzuki T, Takikawa Y, Kakutani K, Matsuda Y, Kiss L, Nonomura T. Ampelomyces strains isolated from diverse powdery mildew hosts in Japan: Their phylogeny and mycoparasitic activity, including timing and quantifying mycoparasitism of Pseudoidium neolycopersici on tomato. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251444. [PMID: 33974648 PMCID: PMC8112701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 26 Ampelomyces strains were isolated from mycelia of six different powdery mildew species that naturally infected their host plants in Japan. These were characterized based on morphological characteristics and sequences of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA-ITS) regions and actin gene (ACT) fragments. Collected strains represented six different genotypes and were accommodated in three different clades of the genus Ampelomyces. Morphology of the strains agreed with that of other Ampelomyces strains, but none of the examined characters were associated with any groups identified in the genetic analysis. Five powdery mildew species were inoculated with eight selected Ampelomyces strains to study their mycoparasitic activity. In the inoculation experiments, all Ampelomyces strains successfully infected all tested powdery mildew species, and showed no significant differences in their mycoparasitic activity as determined by the number of Ampelomyces pycnidia developed in powdery mildew colonies. The mycoparasitic interaction between the eight selected Ampelomyces strains and the tomato powdery mildew fungus (Pseudoidium neolycopersici strain KTP-03) was studied experimentally in the laboratory using digital microscopic technologies. It was documented that the spores of the mycoparasites germinated on tomato leaves and their hyphae penetrated the hyphae of Ps. neolycopersici. Ampelomyces hyphae continued their growth internally, which initiated the atrophy of the powdery mildew conidiophores 5 days post inoculation (dpi); caused atrophy 6 dpi; and complete collapse of the parasitized conidiphores 7 dpi. Ampelomyces strains produced new intracellular pycnidia in Ps. neolycopersici conidiophores ca. 8-10 dpi, when Ps. neolycopersici hyphae were successfully destroyed by the mycoparasitic strain. Mature pycnidia released spores ca. 10-14 dpi, which became the sources of subsequent infections of the intact powdery mildew hyphae. Mature pycnidia contained each ca. 200 to 1,500 spores depending on the mycohost species and Ampelomyces strain. This is the first detailed analysis of Ampelomyces strains isolated in Japan, and the first timing and quantification of mycoparasitism of Ps. neolycopersici on tomato by phylogenetically diverse Ampelomyces strains using digital microscopic technologies. The developed model system is useful for future biocontrol and ecological studies on Ampelomyces mycoparasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márk Z. Németh
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yuusaku Mizuno
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection, Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection, Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Diána Seress
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Naruki Shishido
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection, Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kimura
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection, Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Tomoko Suzuki
- Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takikawa
- Plant Center, Institute of Advanced Technology, Kindai University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Koji Kakutani
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Matsuda
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection, Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Levente Kiss
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
- * E-mail: (TN); (LK)
| | - Teruo Nonomura
- Laboratory of Phytoprotection, Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
- Agricultural Technology and Innovation Research Institute, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
- * E-mail: (TN); (LK)
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Kleczewski N, Bauer J, Bever J, Clay K, Reynolds H. A survey of endophytic fungi of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) in the Midwest, and their putative roles in plant growth. FUNGAL ECOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kiss L. A review of fungal antagonists of powdery mildews and their potential as biocontrol agents. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2003; 59:475-483. [PMID: 12701710 DOI: 10.1002/ps.689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
There are approximately 40 fungal species that have so far been reported as natural antagonists of powdery mildews or have been tested as their potential biocontrol agents. This review summarizes the published data on their identification, taxonomy, ecology, modes of action and biocontrol efficacy. The results obtained with the two products already registered, AQ10 Biofungicide and Sporodex, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levente Kiss
- Plant Protection Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1525 Budapest, PO Box 102, Hungary.
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Abstract
The controlled environment of greenhouses, the high value of the crops, and the limited number of registered fungicides offer a unique niche for the biological control of plant diseases. During the past ten years, over 80 biocontrol products have been marketed worldwide. A large percentage of these have been developed for greenhouse crops. Products to control soilborne pathogens such as Sclerotinia, Pythium, Rhizoctonia and Fusarium include Coniothyrium minitans, species of Gliocladium, Trichoderma, Streptomyces, and Bacillus, and nonpathogenic Fusarium. Products containing Trichoderma, Ampelomyces quisqualis, Bacillus, and Ulocladium are being developed to control the primary foliar diseases, Botrytis and powdery mildew. The development of Pseudomonas for the control of Pythium diseases in hydroponics and Pseudozyma flocculosa for the control of powdery mildew by two Canadian research programs is presented. In the future, biological control of diseases in greenhouses could predominate over chemical pesticides, in the same way that biological control of greenhouse insects predominates in the United Kingdom. The limitations in formulation, registration, and commercialization are discussed, along with suggested future research priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Paulitz
- USDA-ARS Root Disease and Biocontrol Research Unit, 363 Johnson Hall, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6430, USA.
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