1
|
Khakurel A, Lupashin VV. Role of GARP Vesicle Tethering Complex in Golgi Physiology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6069. [PMID: 37047041 PMCID: PMC10094427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Golgi associated retrograde protein complex (GARP) is an evolutionarily conserved component of Golgi membrane trafficking machinery that belongs to the Complexes Associated with Tethering Containing Helical Rods (CATCHR) family. Like other multisubunit tethering complexes such as COG, Dsl1, and Exocyst, the GARP is believed to function by tethering and promoting fusion of the endosome-derived small trafficking intermediate. However, even twenty years after its discovery, the exact structure and the functions of GARP are still an enigma. Recent studies revealed novel roles for GARP in Golgi physiology and identified human patients with mutations in GARP subunits. In this review, we summarized our knowledge of the structure of the GARP complex, its protein partners, GARP functions related to Golgi physiology, as well as cellular defects associated with the dysfunction of GARP subunits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vladimir V. Lupashin
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Suzuki SW, Oishi A, Nikulin N, Jorgensen JR, Baile MG, Emr SD. A PX-BAR protein Mvp1/SNX8 and a dynamin-like GTPase Vps1 drive endosomal recycling. eLife 2021; 10:69883. [PMID: 34524084 PMCID: PMC8504969 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane protein recycling systems are essential for maintenance of the endosome-lysosome system. In yeast, retromer and Snx4 coat complexes are recruited to the endosomal surface, where they recognize cargos. They sort cargo and deform the membrane into recycling tubules that bud from the endosome and target to the Golgi. Here, we reveal that the SNX-BAR protein, Mvp1, mediates an endosomal recycling pathway that is mechanistically distinct from the retromer and Snx4 pathways. Mvp1 deforms the endosomal membrane and sorts cargos containing a specific sorting motif into a membrane tubule. Subsequently, Mvp1 recruits the dynamin-like GTPase Vps1 to catalyze membrane scission and release of the recycling tubule. Similarly, SNX8, the human homolog of Mvp1, which has been also implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, mediates formation of an endosomal recycling tubule. Thus, we present evidence for a novel endosomal retrieval pathway that is conserved from yeast to humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sho W Suzuki
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Akihiko Oishi
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Nadia Nikulin
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Jeff R Jorgensen
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Matthew G Baile
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| | - Scott D Emr
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Makaraci P, Delgado Cruz M, McDermott H, Nguyen V, Highfill C, Kim K. Yeast dynamin and Ypt6 function in parallel for the endosome-to-Golgi retrieval of Snc1. Cell Biol Int 2018; 43:1137-1151. [PMID: 30080296 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein recycling is an important cellular process required for cell homeostasis. Results from prior studies have shown that vacuolar sorting protein-1 (Vps1), a dynamin homolog in yeast, is implicated in protein recycling from the endosome to the trans-Golgi Network (TGN). However, the function of Vps1 in relation to Ypt6, a master GTPase in the recycling pathway, remains unknown. The present study reveals that Vps1 physically interacts with Ypt6 if at least one of them is full-length. We found that overexpression of full-length Vps1, but not GTP hydrolysis-defective Vps1 mutants, is sufficient to rescue abnormal phenotypes of Snc1 distribution provoked by the loss of Ypt6, and vice versa. This suggests that Vps1 and Ypt6 function in parallel pathways instead of in a sequential pathway and that GTP binding/hydrolysis of Vps1 is required for proper traffic of Snc1 toward the TGN. Additionally, we identified two novel Vps1-binding partners, Vti1 and Snc2, which function for the endosome-derived vesicle fusion at the TGN. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that Vps1 plays a role in later stages of the endosome-to-TGN traffic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Makaraci
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901S National, Springfield, MO, 65807, USA
| | | | - Hyoeun McDermott
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901S National, Springfield, MO, 65807, USA
| | | | - Chad Highfill
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901S National, Springfield, MO, 65807, USA.,Genetics Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Kyoungtae Kim
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901S National, Springfield, MO, 65807, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Varlakhanova NV, Alvarez FJD, Brady TM, Tornabene BA, Hosford CJ, Chappie JS, Zhang P, Ford MGJ. Structures of the fungal dynamin-related protein Vps1 reveal a unique, open helical architecture. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:3608-3624. [PMID: 30087125 PMCID: PMC6168280 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201712021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
How specific dynamin-related proteins (DRPs) are tailored to their cellular targets is an open question. Varlakhanova et al. present structures of the fungal DRP Vps1, which functions at the endosomal compartment. The crystal and cryoEM structures reveal a unique DRP architecture that highlights structural flexibilities of DRP self-assembly. Dynamin-related proteins (DRPs) are large multidomain GTPases required for diverse membrane-remodeling events. DRPs self-assemble into helical structures, but how these structures are tailored to their cellular targets remains unclear. We demonstrate that the fungal DRP Vps1 primarily localizes to and functions at the endosomal compartment. We present crystal structures of a Vps1 GTPase–bundle signaling element (BSE) fusion in different nucleotide states to capture GTP hydrolysis intermediates and concomitant conformational changes. Using cryoEM, we determined the structure of full-length GMPPCP-bound Vps1. The Vps1 helix is more open and flexible than that of dynamin. This is due to further opening of the BSEs away from the GTPase domains. A novel interface between adjacent GTPase domains forms in Vps1 instead of the contacts between the BSE and adjacent stalks and GTPase domains as seen in dynamin. Disruption of this interface abolishes Vps1 function in vivo. Hence, Vps1 exhibits a unique helical architecture, highlighting structural flexibilities of DRP self-assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Frances J D Alvarez
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Tyler M Brady
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Bryan A Tornabene
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Joshua S Chappie
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Peijun Zhang
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA.,Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Electron Bio-Imaging Centre, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Marijn G J Ford
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yeast dynamin associates with the GARP tethering complex for endosome-to-Golgi traffic. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:612-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
6
|
Goud Gadila SK, Williams M, Saimani U, Delgado Cruz M, Makaraci P, Woodman S, Short JC, McDermott H, Kim K. Yeast dynamin Vps1 associates with clathrin to facilitate vesicular trafficking and controls Golgi homeostasis. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 96:182-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
7
|
Gadila SKG, Kim K. Cargo trafficking from the trans-Golgi network towards the endosome. Biol Cell 2016; 108:205-18. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201600001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyoungtae Kim
- Department of Biology; Missouri State University; Springfield MO 65807 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang N, Lee IJ, Rask G, Wu JQ. Roles of the TRAPP-II Complex and the Exocyst in Membrane Deposition during Fission Yeast Cytokinesis. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002437. [PMID: 27082518 PMCID: PMC4833314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The cleavage-furrow tip adjacent to the actomyosin contractile ring is believed to be the predominant site for plasma-membrane insertion through exocyst-tethered vesicles during cytokinesis. Here we found that most secretory vesicles are delivered by myosin-V on linear actin cables in fission yeast cytokinesis. Surprisingly, by tracking individual exocytic and endocytic events, we found that vesicles with new membrane are deposited to the cleavage furrow relatively evenly during contractile-ring constriction, but the rim of the cleavage furrow is the main site for endocytosis. Fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane requires vesicle tethers. Our data suggest that the transport particle protein II (TRAPP-II) complex and Rab11 GTPase Ypt3 help to tether secretory vesicles or tubulovesicular structures along the cleavage furrow while the exocyst tethers vesicles at the rim of the division plane. We conclude that the exocyst and TRAPP-II complex have distinct localizations at the division site, but both are important for membrane expansion and exocytosis during cytokinesis. Two putative vesicle tethers—the exocyst and TRAPP-II complexes—localize differently at the division plane to ensure efficient plasma-membrane deposition along the whole cleavage furrow during cytokinesis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Cytokinesis partitions a mother cell into two daughter cells at the end of each cell-division cycle. A significant amount of new plasma membrane is needed at the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis in many cell types. Membrane expansion is achieved through the balance of exocytosis and endocytosis. It is poorly understood where and when the membrane is deposited and retrieved during cytokinesis. By tracking individual vesicles with high spatiotemporal resolution and using electron microscopy, we found that new membrane is deposited relatively evenly along the cleavage furrow in fission yeast, while the rim of the division plane is the predominant site for endocytosis. The secretory vesicles/compartments carrying new membrane are mainly delivered along formin-nucleated actin cables by myosin-V motors. Surprisingly, we find that both exocytosis and endocytosis at the division site are ramped up before contractile-ring constriction and last until daughter-cell separation. We discovered that two putative vesicle tethers, the exocyst and TRAPP-II complexes, localize to different sites at the cleavage furrow to promote tethering of different, yet overlapping, classes of secretory vesicles/compartments for exocytosis and new membrane deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - I-Ju Lee
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Galen Rask
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jian-Qiu Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Williams M, Kim K. From membranes to organelles: emerging roles for dynamin-like proteins in diverse cellular processes. Eur J Cell Biol 2014; 93:267-77. [PMID: 24954468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamin is a GTPase mechanoenzyme most noted for its role in vesicle scission during endocytosis, and belongs to the dynamin family proteins. The dynamin family consists of classical dynamins and dynamin-like proteins (DLPs). Due to structural and functional similarities DLPs are thought to carry out membrane tubulation and scission in a similar manner to dynamin. Here, we discuss the newly emerging roles for DLPs, which include vacuole fission and fusion, peroxisome maintenance, endocytosis and intracellular trafficking. Specific focus is given to the role of DLPs in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae because the diverse function of DLPs has been well characterized in this organism. Recent insights into DLPs may provide a better understanding of mammalian dynamin and its associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Williams
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 South National, Springfield, MO 65897, United States
| | - Kyoungtae Kim
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 South National, Springfield, MO 65897, United States.
| |
Collapse
|