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Guimarães DSPSF, Barrios NMF, de Oliveira AG, Rizo-Roca D, Jollet M, Smith JAB, Araujo TR, da Cruz MV, Marconato E, Hirabara SM, Vieira AS, Krook A, Zierath JR, Silveira LR. Concerted regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and contractile properties by the orphan nuclear receptor Nr2f6. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024. [PMID: 38682559 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The maintenance of skeletal muscle plasticity upon changes in the environment, nutrient supply, and exercise depends on regulatory mechanisms that couple structural and metabolic adaptations. The mechanisms that interconnect both processes at the transcriptional level remain underexplored. Nr2f6, a nuclear receptor, regulates metabolism and cell differentiation in peripheral tissues. However, its role in the skeletal muscle is still elusive. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of Nr2f6 modulation on muscle biology in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Global RNA-seq was performed in Nr2f6 knockdown C2C12 myocytes (N = 4-5). Molecular and metabolic assays and proliferation experiments were performed using stable Nr2f6 knockdown and Nr2f6 overexpression C2C12 cell lines (N = 3-6). Nr2f6 content was evaluated in lipid overload models in vitro and in vivo (N = 3-6). In vivo experiments included Nr2f6 overexpression in mouse tibialis anterior muscle, followed by gene array transcriptomics and molecular assays (N = 4), ex vivo contractility experiments (N = 5), and histological analysis (N = 7). The conservation of Nr2f6 depletion effects was confirmed in primary skeletal muscle cells of humans and mice. RESULTS Nr2f6 knockdown upregulated genes associated with muscle differentiation, metabolism, and contraction, while cell cycle-related genes were downregulated. In human skeletal muscle cells, Nr2f6 knockdown significantly increased the expression of myosin heavy chain genes (two-fold to three-fold) and siRNA-mediated depletion of Nr2f6 increased maximal C2C12 myocyte's lipid oxidative capacity by 75% and protected against lipid-induced cell death. Nr2f6 content decreased by 40% in lipid-overloaded myotubes and by 50% in the skeletal muscle of mice fed a high-fat diet. Nr2f6 overexpression in mice resulted in an atrophic and hypoplastic state, characterized by a significant reduction in muscle mass (15%) and myofibre content (18%), followed by an impairment (50%) in force production. These functional phenotypes were accompanied by the establishment of an inflammation-like molecular signature and a decrease in the expression of genes involved in muscle contractility and oxidative metabolism, which was associated with the repression of the uncoupling protein 3 (20%) and PGC-1α (30%) promoters activity following Nr2f6 overexpression in vitro. Additionally, Nr2f6 regulated core components of the cell division machinery, effectively decoupling muscle cell proliferation from differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a novel role for Nr2f6 as a molecular transducer that plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance between skeletal muscle contractile function and oxidative capacity. These results have significant implications for the development of potential therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrius Santiago P S F Guimarães
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ninon M F Barrios
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - David Rizo-Roca
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maxence Jollet
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathon A B Smith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thiago R Araujo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Emilio Marconato
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Sandro M Hirabara
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André S Vieira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Anna Krook
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonardo R Silveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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de Freitas-Marchi BL, Dos Santos JF, Reigado GR, Fernandes MTP, Alcalde FSC, de Oliveira Carvalho CR, Nunes VA. Effect of Uncaria tomentosa aqueous extract on the response to palmitate-induced lipotoxicity in cultured skeletal muscle cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:412. [PMID: 37968654 PMCID: PMC10647034 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is frequently associated with dyslipidemia, which corresponds to the increase in the triglycerides and fatty acid concentrations in tissues, such as the skeletal muscle. Also, T2DM molecular mechanism involves increasing in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and oxidative stress. The use of herbal medicines such as Uncaria tomentosa (Ut) has been proposed as an auxiliary treatment for patients with T2DM. In this study, it was evaluated the effect of Ut aqueous extract on cell viability and ROS production, in skeletal myoblasts from C2C12 lineage exposed to the free fatty acid palmitate (PA). METHODS Cells were incubated with PA in different concentrations ranging from 10 to 1000 μM, for 24 or 48 h, for cytotoxicity assay. Cell death, DNA fragmentation and ROS production assays were performed in cell cultures incubated with PA for 24 h, in the pre (preventive condition) or post treatment (therapeutic condition) with 250 μg/ml Ut aqueous extract, for 2 or 6 h. Cell death was evaluated by MTT method or flow cytometry. ROS generation was measured by fluorescence spectroscopy using the DCFDA probe. RESULTS Cell viability was reduced to approximately 44% after the incubation with PA for 24 h from the concentration of 500 µM. In the incubation of cells with 500 μM PA and Ut extract for 6 h, in both conditions (preventive or therapeutic), it was observed an increase of 27 and 70% in cell viability respectively, in comparison to the cultures incubated with only PA. Also, the incubation of cultures with 500 μM PA, for 24 h, increased 20-fold the ROS formation, while the treatment with Ut extract, for 6 h, both in the preventive or therapeutic conditions, promoted decrease of 21 and 55%, respectively. CONCLUSION The Ut extract was efficient in promoting cell protection against PA lipotoxicity and ROS generation, potentially preventing oxidative stress in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. Since T2DM molecular mechanism involves oxidative stress condition and it is often associated with dyslipidemia and fatty acid accumulation in muscle tissue, these results open perspectives for the use of Ut as an auxiliary strategy for T2DM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Leticia de Freitas-Marchi
- Laboratory of Skin Physiology and Tissue Bioengineering, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeniffer Farias Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Skin Physiology and Tissue Bioengineering, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Roncoli Reigado
- Laboratory of Skin Physiology and Tissue Bioengineering, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Myrian Thiago Pruschinski Fernandes
- Laboratory of Skin Physiology and Tissue Bioengineering, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Santiago Chambergo Alcalde
- Laboratory of Skin Physiology and Tissue Bioengineering, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Viviane Abreu Nunes
- Laboratory of Skin Physiology and Tissue Bioengineering, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo (EACH-USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Forno-Bell N, Bucarey SA, García D, Iragüen D, Chacón O, San Martín B. Antimicrobial Effects Caused by Aloe barbadensis Miller on Bacteria Associated with Mastitis in Dairy Cattle. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19896670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that the primary etiological agents associated with bovine mastitis show high levels of antimicrobial resistance. In this paper, we studied a possible alternative to antimicrobial treatment, Aloe barbadensis Miller ( A. vera). Our goal was to determine the viability of bacteria upon treatment with a methanolic extract of A. vera gel, rich in anthraquinones such as aloin A, aloin B, and aloe emodin. To this purpose, we used fluorescence spectrometry to study the following bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus uberis, and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results show that treatment with A. vera gel extract disrupted the cell membrane causing lysis in 75% of Staphylococcus aureus, in 88% of E. coli, in 97% of Streptococcus uberis, and in 88% of MRSA cells. Cell membrane disruption is attributed to the presence of anthraquinones. Further study is needed to determine whether other phenolic compounds present in the extract, influencing antimicrobial activity, could be used to develop pharmaceutical formulations to treat bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Forno-Bell
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias. Laboratorio de Farmacología Veterinaria FARMAVET. Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur Universidad de Chile. Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio A. Bucarey
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias. Centro Biotecnológico Veterinario BIOVETEC, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Animales, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego García
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias. Laboratorio de Farmacología Veterinaria FARMAVET. Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Netherlands
| | - Daniela Iragüen
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias. Laboratorio de Farmacología Veterinaria FARMAVET. Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Chacón
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias. Laboratorio de Farmacología Veterinaria FARMAVET. Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur Universidad de Chile. Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Betty San Martín
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias. Laboratorio de Farmacología Veterinaria FARMAVET. Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Lima TI, Guimarães DSPSF, Oliveira AG, Araujo H, Sponton CHG, Souza-Pinto NC, Saito Â, Figueira ACM, Palameta S, Bajgelman MC, Calixto A, Pinto S, Mori MA, Orofino J, Perissi V, Mottis A, Auwerx J, Silveira LR. Opposing action of NCoR1 and PGC-1α in mitochondrial redox homeostasis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:203-208. [PMID: 31408725 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to respond to fluctuations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cell is a central aspect of mammalian physiology. This dynamic process depends on the coordinated action of transcriptional factors to promote the expression of genes encoding for antioxidant enzymes. Here, we demonstrate that the transcriptional coregulators, PGC-1α and NCoR1, are essential mediators of mitochondrial redox homeostasis in skeletal muscle cells. Our findings reveal an antagonistic role of these coregulators in modulating mitochondrial antioxidant induction through Sod2 transcriptional control. Importantly, the activation of this mechanism by either PGC-1α overexpression or NCoR1 knockdown attenuates mitochondrial ROS levels and prevents cell death caused by lipid overload in skeletal muscle cells. The opposing actions of coactivators and corepressors, therefore, exert a commanding role over cellular antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanes I Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center - OCRC - IB - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dimitrius Santiago P S F Guimarães
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center - OCRC - IB - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - André G Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center - OCRC - IB - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Hygor Araujo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center - OCRC - IB - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos H G Sponton
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center - OCRC - IB - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Ângela Saito
- National Laboratory of Biosciences, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Calixto
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Silas Pinto
- Laboratory of Aging Biology (LaBE), Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Mori
- Laboratory of Aging Biology (LaBE), Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Joey Orofino
- Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valentina Perissi
- Biochemistry Department, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrienne Mottis
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology (LISP), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology (LISP), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo Reis Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center - OCRC - IB - UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil.
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Lima TI, Guimarães D, Sponton CH, Bajgelman MC, Palameta S, Toscaro JM, Reis O, Silveira LR. Essential role of the PGC-1α/PPARβ axis in Ucp3 gene induction. J Physiol 2019; 597:4277-4291. [PMID: 31228206 DOI: 10.1113/jp278006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS We report that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α)/PPARβ axis is a crucial mediator of uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) expression in skeletal muscle cells via the transactivativation of a distal PPAR response element at the Ucp3 gene promoter. This mechanism is activated during the myogenic process and by high concentrations of fatty acids independent of PGC-1α protein levels. Ucp3 is essential for PGC-1α-induced oxidative capacity and the adaptive mitochondrial response to fatty acid exposure. These findings provide further evidence for the broad spectrum of the coactivator action in mitochondrial homeostasis, positioning the PGC-1ɑ/PPARβ axis as an essential component of the molecular regulation of Ucp3 gene in skeletal muscle cells. ABSTRACT Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) has an essential role in fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial redox regulation in skeletal muscle. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the expression of Ucp3 are poorly known. In the present study, we show that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α)/PPARβ axis is a crucial mediator of Ucp3 expression in skeletal muscle cells. In silico analysis of the UCP3 promoter and quantitative chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that the induction of the UCP3 transcript is mediated by the transactivation of a distal PPAR response element at the Ucp3 gene promoter by the coactivator PGC-1α. This mechanism is activated during myogenesis and during metabolic stress induced by fatty acids independent of PGC-1α protein levels. We also provide evidence that Ucp3 is essential for PGC-1α-induced oxidative capacity. Taken together, our results highlight PGC-1ɑ/PPARβ as an essential component of the molecular regulation of Ucp3 gene in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanes I Lima
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dimitrius Guimarães
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carlos H Sponton
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Soledad Palameta
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Osvaldo Reis
- Central Laboratory of High Performance Technologies (LaCTAD), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R Silveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School - USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Campinas, Brazil
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