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Yang X, Wang X, Xia J, Jia J, Zhang S, Wang W, He W, Song X, Chen L, Niu P, Chen T. Small extracellular vesicles-derived from 3d cultured human nasal mucosal mesenchymal stem cells during differentiation to dopaminergic progenitors promote neural damage repair via miR-494-3p after manganese exposed mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116569. [PMID: 38878331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) exposure is a common environmental risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), with pathogenic mechanisms associated with dopaminergic neuron damage and neuroinflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for neural damage repair. The functional sEVs released from MSCs when they are induced into dopaminergic progenitors may have a better repair effect on neural injury. Therefore, we collected sEVs obtained from primary human nasal mucosal mesenchymal stem cells (hnmMSC-sEVs) or cells in the process of dopaminergic progenitor cell differentiation (da-hnmMSC-sEVs), which were cultured in a 3D dynamic system, and observed their repair effects and mechanisms of Mn-induced neural damage by intranasal administration of sEVs. In Mn-exposed mice, sEVs could reach the site of brain injury after intranasal administration, da-hnmMSC enhanced the repair effects of sEVs in neural damage and behavioral competence, as evidenced by restoration of motor dysfunction, enhanced neurogenesis, decreased microglia activation, up-regulation of anti-inflammatory factors, and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory factors. The transcriptomics of hnmMSC-sEVs and da-hnmMSC-sEVs revealed that miRNAs, especially miR-494-3p in sEVs were involved in neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Overexpression of miR-494-3p in sEVs inhibited Mn-induced inflammation and neural injury, and its repair mechanism might be related to the down-regulation of CMPK2 and NLRP3 in vitro experiments. Thus, intranasal delivery of da-hnmMSC-sEVs is an effective strategy for the treatment of neural injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xueting Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jiao Xia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiaxin Jia
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Shixuan Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weifeng He
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Piye Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Li X, Cong J, Zhou X, Gao W, Li W, Yang Q, Li X, Liu Z, Luo A. JunD-miR494-CUL3 axis promotes radioresistance and metastasis by facilitating EMT and restraining PD-L1 degradation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216731. [PMID: 38369005 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Therapy resistance and metastatic progression jointly determine the fatal outcome of cancer, therefore, elucidating their crosstalk may provide new opportunities to improve therapeutic efficacy and prevent recurrence and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Here, we have established radioresistant ESCC cells with the remarkable metastatic capacity, and identified miR-494-3p (miR494) as a radioresistant activator. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that cullin 3 (CUL3) is a direct target of miR494, which is transcriptionally regulated by JunD, and highlighted that JunD-miR494-CUL3 axis promotes radioresistance and metastasis by facilitating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and restraining programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) degradation. In clinical specimens, miR494 is significantly up-regulated and positively associated with T stage and lymph node metastasis in ESCC tissues and serum. Notably, patients with higher serum miR494 expression have poor prognosis, and patients with higher CUL3 expression have more conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), less cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF2/4), and tumor endothelial cells (TEC2/3) infiltration than patients with lower CUL3 expression, suggesting that CUL3 may be involved in tumor microenvironment (TME). Overall, miR494 may serve as a potential prognostic predictor and therapeutic target, providing a promising strategy for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Ji Cong
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xuantong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qi Yang
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Aiping Luo
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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3
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Dai Z, Hu J, Luo Z, Xiao J. Downregulation of circ_0035292 Alleviates LPS-Induced WI-38 Cell Injury via Targeting miR-494-3p/TLR4 Pathway in Infantile Pneumonia. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:915-930. [PMID: 37500967 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been confirmed to mediate infantile pneumonia development. In this, we investigated the role and new mechanism of circ_0035292 regulating infantile pneumonia progression. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated WI-38 cells were used to mimic infantile pneumonia cell injury models. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure circ_0035292, microRNA (miR)-494-3p and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by MTT assay, EdU assay, and flow cytometry. Protein expression was tested using western blot analysis. Inflammation and oxidative stress were evaluated by measuring IL-6, IL-1β, MDA and SOD levels using ELISA assay and corresponding kits. RNA interaction was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. Circ_0035292 had elevated expression in infantile pneumonia patients and LPS-induced WI-38 cells. Silenced circ_0035292 could enhance WI-38 cell proliferation, while suppress apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress under LPS treatment. Mechanically, circ_0035292 targeted miR-494-3p to positively regulate TLR4. The rescue experiments indicated that miR-494-3p inhibitor abolished the function of circ_0035292 knockdown, and TLR4 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-494-3p on LPS-induced WI-38 cell injury. Circ_0035292 might be a potential target for infantile pneumonia treatment, which knockdown could relieve LPS-induced cell injury via the regulation of miR-494-3p/TLR4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhao Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiansheng Hu
- Jinggangshan University, 28 Xueyuan Road, Qingyuan District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiying Luo
- Jinggangshan University, 28 Xueyuan Road, Qingyuan District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianhua Xiao
- Jinggangshan University, 28 Xueyuan Road, Qingyuan District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi, China.
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Huang Q, Le Y, Li S, Bian Y. Signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targets in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Respir Res 2024; 25:30. [PMID: 38218783 PMCID: PMC10788036 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02678-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common condition associated with critically ill patients, characterized by bilateral chest radiographical opacities with refractory hypoxemia due to noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Despite significant advances, the mortality of ARDS remains unacceptably high, and there are still no effective targeted pharmacotherapeutic agents. With the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 worldwide, the mortality of ARDS has increased correspondingly. Comprehending the pathophysiology and the underlying molecular mechanisms of ARDS may thus be essential to developing effective therapeutic strategies and reducing mortality. To facilitate further understanding of its pathogenesis and exploring novel therapeutics, this review provides comprehensive information of ARDS from pathophysiology to molecular mechanisms and presents targeted therapeutics. We first describe the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of ARDS that involve dysregulated inflammation, alveolar-capillary barrier dysfunction, impaired alveolar fluid clearance and oxidative stress. Next, we summarize the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways related to the above four aspects of ARDS pathophysiology, along with the latest research progress. Finally, we discuss the emerging therapeutic strategies that show exciting promise in ARDS, including several pharmacologic therapies, microRNA-based therapies and mesenchymal stromal cell therapies, highlighting the pathophysiological basis and the influences on signal transduction pathways for their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianrui Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yue Le
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjia Bridge, Hunan Road, Gu Lou District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shusheng Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yi Bian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jie Fang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Gu P, Wang Z, Yu X, Wu N, Wu L, Li Y, Hu X. Mechanism of KLF9 in airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1043. [PMID: 37904708 PMCID: PMC10568256 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an airway-associated lung disorder, resulting in airway inflammation. This article aimed to explore the role of the krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9)/microRNA (miR)-494-3p/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) axis in airway inflammation and pave a theoretical foundation for the treatment of COPD. METHODS The COPD mouse model was established by exposure to cigarette smoke, followed by measurements of total cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The COPD cell model was established on human lung epithelial cells BEAS-2B using cigarette smoke extract. Cell viability was assessed by cell counting kit-8 assay. miR-494-3p, KLF9, PTEN, and NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) levels in tissues and cells were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or Western blot assay. Inflammatory factors (TNF-α/IL-6/IL-8/IFN-γ) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Interactions among KLF9, miR-494-3p, and PTEN 3'UTR were verified by chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assays. RESULTS KLF9 was upregulated in lung tissues of COPD mice. Inhibition of KLF9 alleviated airway inflammation, reduced intrapulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration, and repressed NLRP3 expression. KLF9 bound to the miR-494-3p promoter and increased miR-494-3p expression, and miR-494-3p negatively regulated PTEN expression. miR-494-3p overexpression or Nigericin treatment reversed KLF9 knockdown-driven repression of NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammation. CONCLUSION KLF9 bound to the miR-494-3p promoter and repressed PTEN expression, thereby facilitating NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijie Gu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangyin CityChina
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangyin CityChina
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangyin CityChina
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangyin CityChina
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangyin CityChina
| | - Yihang Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangyin CityChina
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineJiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangyin CityChina
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Sun ZL, You T, Zhang BH, Liu Y, Liu J. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes miR-202-5p inhibited pyroptosis to alleviate lung ischemic-reperfusion injury by targeting CMPK2. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2023; 39:688-698. [PMID: 37092308 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome (BMSC-exosome) is a potential candidate for lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) treatment. This study aims to investigate the anti-pyroptosis effect of BMSC-exosomes in LIRI. The LIRI cell model was established by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treatment. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 levels were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was examined using a LDH assay kit. The interaction between microRNA (miR)-202-5p and cytidine monophosphate kinase 2 (CMPK2) was analyzed using dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. BMSC-exosomes promoted cell viability and suppressed pyroptosis in H/R-treated mouse lung epithelial. miR-202-5p was enriched in BMSC-exosomes, and exosomal miR-202-5p inhibition upregulated pyroptosis-associated proteins, including cleaved N-terminal Gasdermin D, nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor family member pyrin domain-containing protein 3, and Caspase1. Meanwhile, miR-202-5p suppressed CMPK2 expression by directly targeting CMPK2. Expectedly, CMPK2 knockdown reversed the promoting effect of exosomal miR-202-5p inhibition on pyroptosis in LIRI. Therefore, BMSC-derived exosome miR-202-5p repressed pyroptosis to inhibit LIRI progression by targeting CMPK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Lu Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Emergency Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting You
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Emergency Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Hong Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Emergency Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Emergency Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Rehabilitation, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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Huang Y, Chen R, Yang S, Chen Y, Lü X. The Mechanism of Interaction Between Gold Nanoparticles and Human Dermal Fibroblasts Based on Integrative Analysis of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Data. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to combine transcriptomics and metabolomics to analyze the mechanism of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). First, 20-nm GNPs were prepared, and the differentially expressed genes in HDFs were subsequently screened by transcriptome
sequencing technology after 4, 8, and 24 h of treatment with GNPs. By comparing the metabolic pathways in which the metabolites obtained in a previous study were involved, the pathways involving both genes and metabolites were filtered, and the differentially expressed genes and metabolites
with upstream and downstream relationships were screened out. The gene–metabolite–metabolic pathway network was further constructed, and the functions of metabolic pathways, genes and metabolites in the important network were analyzed and experimentally verified. The results of
transcriptome sequencing experiments showed that 1904, 1216 and 489 genes were differentially expressed in HDFs after 4, 8 and 24 h of treatment with GNPs, and these genes were involved in 270, 235 and 163 biological pathways, respectively. Through the comparison and analysis of the metabolic
pathways affected by the metabolites, 7, 3 and 2 metabolic pathways with genes and metabolites exhibiting upstream and downstream relationships were identified. Through analysis of the gene–metabolite–metabolic pathway network, 4 important metabolic pathways, 9 genes and 7 metabolites
were identified. Combined with the results of verification experiments on oxidative stress, apoptosis, the cell cycle, the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion, it was found that GNPs regulated the synthesis of downstream metabolites through upstream genes in important metabolic pathways. GNPs inhibited
oxidative stress and thus did not induce significant apoptosis, but they exerted effects on several cellular functions, including arresting the cell cycle and affecting the cytoskeleton and cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shuci Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, PR China
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Chen Y, Wu L, Shi M, Zeng D, Hu R, Wu X, Han S, He K, Xu H, Shao X, Ma R. Electroacupuncture Inhibits NLRP3 Activation by Regulating CMPK2 After Spinal Cord Injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:788556. [PMID: 35401582 PMCID: PMC8987202 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.788556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the expression of cytosine monophosphate kinase 2 (CMPK2) and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to characterize the effects of electroacupuncture on CMPK2-associated regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Methods An SCI model was established in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. The expression levels of NLRP3 and CMPK2 were measured at different time points following induction of SCI. The rats were randomly divided into a sham group (Sham), a model group (Model), an electroacupuncture group (EA), an adeno-associated virus (AAV) CMPK2 group, and an AAV NC group. Electroacupuncture was performed at jiaji points on both sides of T9 and T11 for 20 min each day for 3 consecutive days. In the AAV CMPK2 and AAV NC groups, the viruses were injected into the T9 spinal cord via a microneedle using a microscope and a stereotactic syringe. The Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) score was used to evaluate the motor function of rats in each group. Histopathological changes in spinal cord tissue were detected using H&E staining, and the expression levels of NLRP3, CMPK2, ASC, caspase-1, IL-18, and IL-1β were quantified using Western blotting (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), and RT-PCR. Results The expression levels of NLRP3 and CMPK2 in the spinal cords of the model group were significantly increased at day 1 compared with those in the sham group (p < 0.05). The expression levels of NLRP3 and CMPK2 decreased gradually over time and remained low at 14 days post-SCI. We successfully constructed AAV CMPK2 and showed that CMPK2 was significantly knocked down following 2 dilutions. Finally, treatment with EA or AAV CMPK2 resulted in significantly increased BBB scores compared to those in the model group and the AAV NC group (p < 0.05). The histomorphology of the spinal cord in the EA and AAV CMPK2 groups was significantly different than that in the model and AAV NC groups. WB, IF, and PCR analyses showed that the expression levels of CMPK2, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-18, and IL-1β were significantly lower in the EA and AAV CMPK2 groups compared with those in the model and AAV NC groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion Our study showed that CMPK2 regulated NLRP3 expression in rats with SCI. Activation of NLRP3 is a critical mechanism of inflammasome activation and the inflammatory response following SCI. Electroacupuncture downregulated the expression of CMPK2 and inhibited activation of NLRP3, which could improve motor function in rats with SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Acupuncture, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Shi
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danyi Zeng
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingying Wu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Han
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelin He
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Acupuncture, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haipeng Xu
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - XiaoMei Shao
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third School of Clinical Medicine (School of Rehabilitation Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Acupuncture, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ruijie Ma,
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