1
|
Wubuli A, Gerlinger C, Reyer H, Oster M, Muráni E, Trakooljul N, Ponsuksili S, Wolf P, Wimmers K. Reduced phosphorus intake throughout gestation and lactation of sows is mitigated by transcriptional adaptations in kidney and intestine. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:626. [PMID: 32917128 PMCID: PMC7488499 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The environmental impact of pig farming need to be reduced, with phosphorus (P) being of particular interest. Specified dietary regimens and management systems contribute to meet environmental concerns and reduce economic constrains. However, pregnant and lactating sows represent vulnerable individuals, whose reproductive potential and metabolic health status relies on adequate supply of macro- and micronutrients. The aim of this study was to investigate, whether sows fed with a dietary P content that is below or above current recommendations are capable to maintain mineral homeostasis during the reproduction cycle and which endogenous mechanisms are retrieved therefore in kidney and jejunum. Nulliparous gilts were fed iso-energetic diets with recommended (M), reduced (L), or high (H) amounts of mineral P supplements throughout gestation and lactation periods. Blood metabolites and hormones referring to the P homeostasis were retrieved prior to term (110 days of gestation) and at weaning (28 days of lactation). Transcriptional responses in kidney cortex and jejunal mucosa were analyzed using RNA sequencing. RESULTS The variable dietary P content neither led to an aberration on fertility traits such as total weaned piglets nor to an effect on the weight pattern throughout gestation and lactation. Serum parameters revealed a maintained P homeostasis as reflected by unaltered inorganic P and calcium levels in L and H fed groups. The serum calcitriol levels were increased in lactating L sows. The endocrine responses to the dietary challenge were reflected at the transcriptional level. L diets led to an increase in CYP27B1 expression in the kidney compared to the H group and to an altered gene expression associated with lipid metabolism in the kidney and immune response in the jejunum. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that current P requirements for gestating and lactating sows are sufficient and over supplementation of mineral P is not required. Shifts in renal and jejunal expression patterns between L and H groups indicate an affected intermediate metabolism, which long-term relevance needs to be further clarified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aisanjiang Wubuli
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Christian Gerlinger
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
- Nutritional Physiology and Animal Nutrition, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6b, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Henry Reyer
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Michael Oster
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Eduard Muráni
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Nares Trakooljul
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Siriluck Ponsuksili
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Petra Wolf
- Nutritional Physiology and Animal Nutrition, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6b, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Klaus Wimmers
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
- Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 7, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dulęba J, Siódmiak T, Marszałł MP. Amano Lipase PS from Burkholderia cepacia- Evaluation of the Effect of Substrates and Reaction Media on the Catalytic Activity. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824666200408092305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
:
Lipases in the native or immobilized form have commonly been used as catalysts
in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry. One of the widely available enzyme
catalysts on the market is lipase from Burkholderia cepacia (BCLs), previously called
Pseudomonas cepacia (PCLs). This enzyme is applied, among others, in the stereoselective
acylation of molecules to achieve chiral pure enantiomers of drugs or their building
blocks. In this study, Amano lipase PS (APS-BCL), which is a commercial lipase from
Burkholderia cepacia (BC) was tested. The lipolytic activity of APS-BCL by hydrolysis
of vegetable oils and enantioselective activity of APS-BCL by the kinetic resolution of
(R,S)-1-phenylethanol with using isopropenyl acetate as an acyl donor were evaluated. An
effect of reaction media with different logP values (t-butyl methyl ether, dichloromethane,
diisopropyl ether, toluene, cyclohexane, n-hexane, isooctane and n-heptane) on the enantioselective activity of
lipase was also studied. The high value of the enantiomeric ratio (E =308.5) with the utilization of isopropenyl
acetate was achieved. Whereas, the best reaction medium turned out to be diisopropyl ether, C =47.9%, eep
=98%, ees =90%, after 24 h of incubation. Moreover, the influence of ω6/ω9 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)
ratio in commercial (peanut, camelina, rape, pumpkin seed, walnut, sesame, avocado, rice, corn, black
cumin, hemp, safflower, grape seed) oils was investigated for the lipase activity. For the first time, the cut-off
limit of ω6/ω9 ratio was proposed. The ratio equal to or higher than 2.3 allows achieving higher lipolytic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Dulęba
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Dr. A. Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Siódmiak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Dr. A. Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Michał Piotr Marszałł
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Dr. A. Jurasza 2, 85-089 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Upadhaya SD, Yang J, Lee KY, Kim IH. Effects of changing omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratios in corn–soybean meal-based diet on performance, serum lipid profile and colostrum and milk composition of sows and performance of piglets. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an17090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to test the effects of changing omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid (FA) ratios in corn–soybean meal-based diet on performance, serum lipid profile and colostrum and milk nutrient contents of lactating sows as well as performance of suckling piglets. In total, 32 multiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly allocated into one of four dietary treatments with eight replicates per treatment. The treatment diets were fed 7 days before farrowing until weaning. The omega-3 FA used in the experiment was from linseed oil and was coated using a spray-drying method. The dietary treatments consisted of control (CON, corn–soybean meal-based basal diet with omega-6:omega-3 FA ratios of 25:1), and basal diets (CON) containing omega-6: omega-3 FA ratios at 20:1, 15:1 and 10:1 levels. Inclusion of omega-6 and omega-3 FA at different ratios in the feed did not affect (P > 0.05) the performance, nutrient digestibility and milk nutrient composition of sows. The concentrations of high-density lipid cholesterol (HDL-C) increased (P < 0.05) and the low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-C) tended to be reduced (P = 0.08) at weaning for sows fed 10:1 omega 6:omega-3 ratio diet. The bodyweights (BW) and average daily gains (ADG) of piglets born from sows fed 10:1 omega-6:omega-3 FA diet were greater (P < 0.05) at Week 3 and overall respectively. The BW of piglets raised from sows fed all treatment diets were heavier (P < 0.05) at Week 4 (weaning) than those in the CON. Positive correlations between dietary omega-6:omega-3 FA ratio and serum HDL-C concentrations and a negative correlations between dietary omega-6:omega-3 FA ratio and serum LDL-C concentrations for sows at weaning were observed. In addition, a positive correlation between omega-6:omega-3 FA in the diet and ADG in piglets was also observed. In conclusion, inclusion of omega-6:omega-3 FA at different ratios in different proportions did not affect sow performance, while increasing HDL-C and tending to reduce LDL-C in serum lipids. However, the piglets born to sows fed 10:1 diets benefitted, with increased BW and ADG.
Collapse
|