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Ma X, La Y, Yang G, Dai R, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Jin J, Ma X, Guo X, Chu M, Yan P, Zhang Q, Liang C. Multi-omics revealed the effects of dietary energy levels on the rumen microbiota and metabolites in yaks under house-feeding conditions. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1309535. [PMID: 38264487 PMCID: PMC10803511 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1309535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Yak (Bos grunniens) is a unique large ruminant species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Changing the energy levels of their rations can significantly improve their growth performance. Therefore, studying the effects of dietary energy levels on the rumen microflora and metabolites of yak is crucial for enhancing the development of the yak industry. Currently, there is a lack of understanding regarding the impact of feeding energy diets on rumen fermentation parameters, microbial functions, and metabolites. This study was designed to determine the appropriate energy level for feeding yak. Three test diets with metabolizable energy levels of 7.57 MJ/kg, 9.44 MJ/kg, and 11.9 MJ/kg were used and the concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in rumen fluid was measured. The microbial communities, functions, and metabolites in yaks were studied by 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenome, and LC-MS non-targeted metabolomics to investigate the relationships among rumen fermentation parameters, microbial diversity, and metabolites. Ration energy levels significantly affect total VFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate, iso-valerate, valerate, and acetate/propionate (p < 0.05). At the phylum level, the dominant phyla in all three treatment groups were Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteriota. At the genus level, the abundance of the unclassified_o__Bacteroidales, norank_f_Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and Family _XIII_AD3011_group showed significant differences (p < 0.05) and were significantly correlated with differential metabolites screened for phosphatidylcholine [PC(16:0/0:0), PC(18:3/0:0)], uridine 3'-monophosphate, and adenosine monophosphate, etc. CAZymes family analysis showed that GHs and CEs differed significantly among the three groups. In addition, differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the pathways of lipid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, and the concentrations of differential metabolites were correlated with microbial abundance. In summary, this study analyzed the effects of ration energy levels on rumen microorganisms and metabolites of yaks and their relationships. The results provided a scientific basis for the selection of dietary energy for yaks in the house feeding period in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongfu La
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guowu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rongfeng Dai
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juanxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Gansu Grassland Technical Extension Station, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Jin
- Gansu Grassland Technical Extension Station, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Chu
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Tibet Autonomous Regional Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Chunnian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, China
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Zhang Y, Yao D, Huang H, Zhang M, Sun L, Su L, Zhao L, Guo Y, Jin Y. Probiotics Increase Intramuscular Fat and Improve the Composition of Fatty Acids in Sunit Sheep through the Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Signaling Pathway. Food Sci Anim Resour 2023; 43:805-825. [PMID: 37701743 PMCID: PMC10493559 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2023.e37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment aims to investigate the impact of probiotic feed on growth performance, carcass traits, plasma lipid biochemical parameters, intramuscular fat and triglyceride content, fatty acid composition, mRNA expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism, and the activity of the enzyme in Sunit sheep. In this experiment, 12 of 96 randomly selected Sunit sheep were assigned to receive the basic diet or the basic diet supplemented with probiotics. The results showed that supplementation with probiotics significantly increased the loin eye area, and decreased plasma triglycerides and free fatty acids, increasing the content of intramuscular fat and triglycerides in the muscle and improving the composition of the fatty acids. The inclusion of probiotics in the diet reduced the expression of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase alpha 2 (AMPKα2) mRNA and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) mRNA, while increasing the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACCα) mRNA, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA, fatty acid synthase mRNA, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 mRNA. The results of this study indicate that supplementation with probiotics can regulate fat deposition and improves the composition of fatty acids in Sunit sheep through the signaling pathways AMPK-ACC-CPT1B and AMPK-SREBP-1c. This regulatory mechanism leads to an increase in intramuscular fat content, a restructuring of muscle composition of the fatty acids, and an enhancement of the nutritional value of meat. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the food science of animal resources and provide valuable references for the production of meat of higher nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering,
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018,
China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb
Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the
People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Duo Yao
- Inner Mongolia Institute of Quality and
Standardization, Hohhot 010070, China
| | - Huan Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering,
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018,
China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering,
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018,
China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb
Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the
People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lina Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering,
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018,
China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb
Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the
People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Lin Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering,
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018,
China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb
Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the
People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - LiHua Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering,
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018,
China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb
Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the
People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Yueying Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering,
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018,
China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb
Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the
People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering,
Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018,
China
- Integrative Research Base of Beef and Lamb
Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the
People’s Republic of China, Hohhot 010018, China
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Lentilactobacillus buchneri Preactivation Affects the Mitigation of Methane Emission in Corn Silage Treated with or without Urea. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different forms of Lentilactobacillus buchneri on the in vitro methane production, fermentation characteristics, nutritional quality, and aerobic stability of corn silage treated with or without urea. The following treatments were applied prior to ensiling: (1) no urea treatment and LB; (2) no urea treatment+freeze dried LB; (3) no urea treatment+preactivated LB; (4) with urea treatment+no LB; (5) with urea treatment+freeze dried LB; (6) with urea treatment+preactivated. LB was applied at a rate of 3 × 108 cfu/kg on a fresh basis, while urea was applied at a rate of 1% on the basis of dry matter. Data measured at different time points were analyzed according to a completely randomized design, with a 2 × 3 × 5 factorial arrangement of treatments, while the others were analyzed with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Preactivated LB was more effective than freeze-dried LB in reducing silage pH, ammonia nitrogen, cell-wall components, yeast count, and carbon dioxide production, as well as increasing lactic acid and residual water-soluble carbohydrate and aerobic stability (p < 0.0001). A significant reduction in the methane ratio was observed after 24 h and 48 h incubation with preactivated forms of LB (p < 0.001). The results indicated that preactivated LB combined with urea improved fermentation characteristics, nutritional quality, and aerobic stability and reduced the methane ratio of corn silages.
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Yao D, Su R, Zhang Y, Wang B, Hou Y, Luo Y, Sun L, Guo Y, Jin Y. Impact of dietary Lactobacillus supplementation on intramuscular fat deposition and meat quality of Sunit sheep. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14207. [PMID: 35502134 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the impacts of dietary Lactobacillus supplementation on meat quality such as edible quality and nutritional value of Sunit sheep, a 90-day feeding experiment (Lactobacillus dietary group, R group; non-Lactobacillus dietary group, C group) using twelve 3-month-old Sunit sheep was conducted. The deposition of intramuscular fat (IMF) was increased (p < .05) while the share force and cooking loss were decreased (p < .05) in the R group compared with the C group. The proportions of seven kinds of fatty acids (FAs) have changed significantly (p < .05), especially with higher functional FAs and lower trans-FA in the R group. Metabonomics analysis showed that the metabolites and pathway-related lipid syntheses, such as carnitine cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and glycerophosphocholine metabolic pathway, have significantly changed in the R group. The Lactobacillus dietary supplements impacted the variation of IMF deposition and FAs composition by altering the lipid metabolism pathways of Sunit sheep and then changed the edible quality and nutritional value. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: It is well known that the intramuscular fat (IMF) and fatty acids composition in livestock is positively correlated with various aspects of meat quality such as edible quality and nutritional value, which are related to consumer preference. The present study analyzed the effects of Lactobacillus supplement on the intramuscular fat deposition and meat quality of Sunit sheep, which resulted in the increase of IMF, and the differences of fatty acids composition, especially the functional fatty acids. It was explored the mechanism of Lactobacillus affect the variation of lipid metabolism pathways and key metabolites in sheep, which suggested that altering the feeding regimen could improve the meat quality of agri-animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Yao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.,Inner Mongolia Institute of Quality and Standardization, Inner Mongolia Administration for Market Regulation, Hohhot, China
| | - Rina Su
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Bohui Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanru Hou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yulong Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lina Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yueying Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
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Zhang F, Miao F, Wang X, Lu W, Ma C. Effects of homo- and hetero-fermentative lactic acid bacteria on the quality and aerobic stability of corn silage. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2019-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of homo/heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) on the quality of corn silage and its rumen digestibility. Maize (Zea mays strain Xingsiyu No. 10), at the early dough stage, was harvested, chopped, ensiled in vacuum bags, and divided into four groups: (1) control (without added bacteria); (2) with the homofermentative LAB Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus (1:1 mixture, 1 × 105 cfu·g−1); (3) with the heterofermentative LAB Lactobacillus buchneri (1 × 105 cfu·g−1); and (4) with the homo/heterofermentative LAB L. plantarum, P. pentosaceus, and L. buchneri (1:1:1 mixture). At 2, 8, 15, 45, and 60 d of ensiling, nutritional quality, fermentation characteristics, and microbial content were assessed. After 60 d, aerobic stability and rumen digestibility tests were performed. The addition of homo- and (or) hetero-fermentative LAB significantly improved the nutritional quality, fermentation characteristics, and microbial content. Addition of the heterofermenter L. buchneri, with or without the homofermenters L. plantarum and P. pentosaceus, improved aerobic stability. The different LAB inoculants increased the degradation rates of dry matter, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber of the corn silage by sheep ruminants. Analysis indicated that L. buchneri yielded the best corn silage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Miao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuzhe Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihua Lu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhui Ma
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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Santos ACPD, Santos EM, Carvalho GGPD, Pinto LFB, Pina DS, Perazzo AF, Oliveira JSD, Mourão GB, Nascimento TVC, Cruz GFDL. Productive and metabolic parameters, carcass and meat characteristics of lambs fed sorghum silage treated with urea and Lactobacillus buchneri. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rabelo CHS, Valente ALS, Barbero RP, Basso FC, Reis RA. Performance of finishing beef cattle fed diets containing maize silages inoculated with lactic-acid bacteria and Bacillus subtilis. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an16358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the effect of lactic-acid bacteria and Bacillus subtilis as silage additives on feed intake and growth performance of finishing feedlot beef cattle. Whole-maize forage was ensiled either with distilled water (untreated), or inoculated with Lactobacillus buchneri and L. plantarum at a rate 1 × 105 cfu/g fresh forage for each bacteria (LBLP); or inoculated with B. subtilis and L. plantarum at a rate 1 × 105 cfu/g fresh forage for each bacteria (BSLP). Thirty-six young crossbreed bulls (316 ± 33.9 kg) were used in the feedlot program for 110 days, and they were assigned (n = 12) to one of three diets containing untreated, LBLP, or BSLP silages in a 40:60 forage:concentrate ratio. Dry matter (DM) intake, average daily gain, and carcass yield of bulls were unaffected by silage inoculation. Conversely, bulls fed the BSLP silage had lower DM, organic matter, and crude protein digestibility compared with bulls fed untreated silage. Bulls fed both inoculated silages had a reduction of ~12% in neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre digestibility compared with that in bulls fed untreated silage. Bulls fed the LBLP silage spent more time chewing (496 min/day) than bulls fed untreated silage. There was little effect of silage inoculation on rumen fermentation, but bulls fed the inoculated silages had a lower concentration of ammonia-N. In conclusion, adding L. plantarum combined with L. buchneri or B. subtilis to maize silage do not improve the growth performance of finishing feedlot beef cattle.
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Effects of Lactobacillus buchneri NCIMB 40788 and forage: Concentrate ratio on the growth performance of finishing feedlot lambs fed maize silage. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lara EC, Bragiato UC, Rabelo CH, Messana JD, Sobrinho AG, Reis RA. Inoculation of corn silage with Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis associated with amylolytic enzyme supply at feeding. 2. Growth performance and carcass and meat traits of lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Inoculation of corn silage with Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis associated with amylolytic enzyme supply at feeding. 1. Feed intake, apparent digestibility, and microbial protein synthesis in wethers. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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