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Kennedy R, Moloney AP, O’Riordan EG, Kelly AK, McGee M. Intake, Growth and Carcass Traits of Steers Offered Grass Silage and Concentrates Based on Contrasting Cereal Grain Types Supplemented with Field Beans, Peas or Maize By-Products. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071209. [PMID: 37048465 PMCID: PMC10093695 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The study objective was to determine intake and performance of beef cattle individually offered perennial ryegrass-dominant grass silage ad libitum supplemented with 4 kg dry matter daily of, rolled barley or maize meal-based concentrate rations containing supplements of flaked field beans, flaked peas, maize dried distillers grains (MDD) or maize gluten feed (MGF) for 110 days (Experiment 1), rolled barley or rolled oats with or without supplements of flaked field beans or flaked peas for 146 days (Experiment 2), and to quantify the nitrogen balance of diets similar to those offered in Experiment 2 (Experiment 3). The protein supplements were formulated to have similar crude protein concentrations. Cereal type or protein source did not affect intake, growth, feed efficiency and carcass traits in Experiment 1 or 2. Inclusion of a legume protein supplement with barley or oats had no effect on intake or growth performance (Experiment 2), whereas their exclusion decreased nitrogen intake, plasma urea concentrations and urinary and total nitrogen excretion (Experiment 3). The feeding value of barley was similar to oats and maize meal, and flaked beans and peas were similar to MGF and MDD, as supplements to grass silage. Excluding protein ingredients from a cereal-based concentrate did not affect animal performance and reduced nitrogen excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rian Kennedy
- Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Aidan P. Moloney
- Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland
| | - Edward G. O’Riordan
- Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland
| | - Alan K. Kelly
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Mark McGee
- Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Grange, Dunsany, Co. Meath C15 PW93, Ireland
- Correspondence:
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Sutherland B, Johnson J, McKinnon J, McAllister T, Penner G. Effects of barley and corn as sources of silage and grain on dry matter intake, ruminal fermentation, and total-tract digestibility in growing beef heifers. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2020-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of barley (BS) or corn (CS) silage when fed with dry-rolled barley grain (BG), corn grain (CG), or an equal blend (BCG) of BG and CG for backgrounding cattle. Ruminally cannulated heifers (n = 5) were assigned to an incomplete 6 × 6 Latin square design. Treatments contained either BS or CS in combination with BG, CG, or BCG. Samples were collected to determine dry matter intake, ruminal fermentation, total-tract nutrient digestibility, and nitrogen (N) balance. Interactions between cereal silage and cereal grain sources were detected for the molar proportions of propionate and butyrate where the magnitude of change with the type of cereal grain was increased in heifers fed CS relative to BS. Feeding CS increased estimated microbial N production (silage, P = 0.022) and fecal N excretion (silage, P = 0.042) over BS. Diets containing BG had greater dry matter, organic matter, starch, and gross energy digestibility values compared with CG, but values for BCG were not different (grain, P ≤ 0.043). Based on limited silage × grain interactions, use of CS in backgrounding diets may increase microbial N production relative to BS and dry-rolled CG may reduce apparent total-tract nutrient digestibility relative to dry-rolled BG.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.D. Sutherland
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - J.A. Johnson
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - J.J. McKinnon
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
| | - T.A. McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - G.B. Penner
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada
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