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Liu X, Beaudoin G, Zhang H, Esquivel Guzmán JA, Le Roux É, Pellerin C, Rivera E, Lavertu M, Zhu XX. Chlorophyllin-Containing Copolymers and Their Responsive Properties. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:124-130. [PMID: 38109902 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Copper-chlorophyllin is a water-soluble derivative of chlorophylls and shows low cytotoxicity and antimutagenic properties in cultured cells. It has multiple applications, including its use as a photosensitizer in photothermal therapy because of its green light-activated photothermal performance. In this work, it was copolymerized with a poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylic monomer to yield random copolymers by free radical polymerization, which showed dual temperature- and pH-dependent phase transitions in aqueous solutions. The cloud points of the copolymer solutions were raised by lowering the pH of the aqueous solutions due to the protonation of the carboxylic groups on the chlorophyllin moieties, which decreased the overall hydrophilicity of the polymers. At low pH values, complete protonation of the carboxylic acid groups of the chlorophyllin moieties led to an irreversible aggregation of the copolymers in water. The incorporation of chlorophyllin in the copolymer improved its stability over its single molecular form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemin Liu
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Guillaume Beaudoin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Hu Zhang
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jair A Esquivel Guzmán
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Élise Le Roux
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Christian Pellerin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ernesto Rivera
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marc Lavertu
- Département de Génie Chimique, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Xiao Xia Zhu
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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Basoglu H, Degirmencioglu I, Eyupoglu FC. Synthesis and photodynamic efficacy of water-soluble protoporphyrin IX homologue with mPEG550. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102615. [PMID: 34740838 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which is an efficient photosensitive agent, cannot be used directly in photodynamic therapy due to its aggregation in physiological environment. If PpIX is made water-soluble without losing its photosensitive properties, it can be used in many medical fields, including cancer treatment. Here we report synthesis of PpIX homologue with mPEG550 (Porfipeg) and its photodynamic effects on both in-vitro and in-vivo environment. Porfipeg is synthesized to give PpIX the ability to dissolve in water. Spectrometric (FT-IR, NMR, MS, UV-vis and Fluorescence) measurements were performed. Porfipeg can penetrate into the cells and indicates no cytotoxicity in the dark whereas cell viability significantly reduced with light irradiation. The cells can be visualized by fluorescence microscope. In-vivo experiment revealed that intravenous injection of Porfipeg is more efficient than intraperitoneal injection for the acute photodynamic effects within 30 min. Moreover it is excreted by the kidneys. In conclusion, Porfipeg has remarkable potentials to be used in both fluorescence guidance in surgeries and photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun Basoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - Ismail Degirmencioglu
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Figen Celep Eyupoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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