2
|
Friedrich RP, Kappes M, Cicha I, Tietze R, Braun C, Schneider-Stock R, Nagy R, Alexiou C, Janko C. Optical Microscopy Systems for the Detection of Unlabeled Nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2139-2163. [PMID: 35599750 PMCID: PMC9115408 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s355007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Label-free detection of nanoparticles is essential for a thorough evaluation of their cellular effects. In particular, nanoparticles intended for medical applications must be carefully analyzed in terms of their interactions with cells, tissues, and organs. Since the labeling causes a strong change in the physicochemical properties and thus also alters the interactions of the particles with the surrounding tissue, the use of fluorescently labeled particles is inadequate to characterize the effects of unlabeled particles. Further, labeling may affect cellular uptake and biocompatibility of nanoparticles. Thus, label-free techniques have been recently developed and implemented to ensure a reliable characterization of nanoparticles. This review provides an overview of frequently used label-free visualization techniques and highlights recent studies on the development and usage of microscopy systems based on reflectance, darkfield, differential interference contrast, optical coherence, photothermal, holographic, photoacoustic, total internal reflection, surface plasmon resonance, Rayleigh light scattering, hyperspectral and reflectance structured illumination imaging. Using these imaging modalities, there is a strong enhancement in the reliability of experiments concerning cellular uptake and biocompatibility of nanoparticles, which is crucial for preclinical evaluations and future medical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf P Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Mona Kappes
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Iwona Cicha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Rainer Tietze
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Christian Braun
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, 80336, Germany
| | - Regine Schneider-Stock
- Experimental Tumor Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Roland Nagy
- Department Elektrotechnik-Elektronik-Informationstechnik (EEI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Christina Janko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
- Correspondence: Christina Janko, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Glückstrasse 10a, Erlangen, 91054, Germany, Tel +49 9131 85 33142, Fax +49 9131 85 34808, Email
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Le NH, Cathcart N, Kitaev V, Chen JIL. Core-satellite assembly of gold nanoshells on solid gold nanoparticles for a color coding plasmonic nanosensor. Analyst 2021; 147:155-164. [PMID: 34860213 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present core-satellite assemblies comprising a solid gold nanoparticle as the core and hollow decahedral gold nanoshells as satellites for tuning the optical properties of the plasmonic structure for sensing. The core-satellite assemblies were fabricated on a substrate via the layer-by-layer assembly of nanoparticles linked by DNA. We used finite-difference time-domain simulations to help guide the geometrical design, and characterized the optical properties and morphology of the solid-shell nanoparticle assemblies using darkfield microscopy, single-nanostructure spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Plasmon coupling yielded resonant peaks at longer wavelengths in the red to near-infrared range for solid-shell assemblies compared with solid-solid nanoparticle assemblies. We examined sensing with the solid-shell assemblies using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a model target and ATP-aptamer as the linker. Binding of ATP induced disassembly and led to a decrease in the scattering intensity and a color change from red to green. The new morphology of the core-satellite assembly enabled plasmonic color-coding of multiplexed sensors. We demonstrate this potential by fabricating two types of assemblies using DNA linkers that target different molecules - ATP and a model nucleic acid. Our work expands the capability of chip-based plasmonic nanoparticle assemblies for the analysis of multiple, different types of biomolecules in small sample sizes including the microenvironment and single cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen H Le
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Nicole Cathcart
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada. .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. W., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Vladimir Kitaev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave. W., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Jennifer I L Chen
- Department of Chemistry, York University, 4700 Keele Street Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|