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Peña-Venegas CP, Kuyper TW, Davison J, Jairus T, Vasar M, Stomph TJ, Struik PC, Öpik M. Distinct arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities associate with different manioc landraces and Amazonian soils. MYCORRHIZA 2019; 29:263-275. [PMID: 31028480 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-019-00891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important tropical crop that depends on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association for its nutrition. However, little is known about the richness and species composition of AM fungal communities associating with manioc and possible differences across soils and manioc landraces. We studied the diversity and composition of AM fungal communities present in the roots of different manioc landraces and surrounding soils in indigenous shifting cultivation fields on different Amazonian soil types. A total of 126 AM fungal virtual taxa (VT; phylogenetically defined taxonomic units) were recovered from soil and root samples using 454 sequencing of AM fungal SSU rRNA gene amplicons. Different AM fungal communities occurred in different soil types. Minor differences occurred in the composition of AM fungal community associating with different manioc landraces, but AM fungal richness was not different among them. There was a low similarity between the AM fungal communities colonizing manioc roots and those recorded in the soil, independently of differences in soil properties or the manioc landrace evaluated. Rhizophagus manihotis and Glomus VT126 were the most abundant AM fungal species colonizing manioc roots. Contrasting with the results of earlier spore-based investigations, all the AM fungi identified as indicator species of particular manioc landraces were morphologically unknown Glomus species. In conclusion, different manioc landraces growing in common conditions associated with distinct AM fungal communities, whereby AM fungal communities in soils did not necessarily reflect the AM fungal communities colonizing manioc roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara P Peña-Venegas
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi, Avenida Vásquez Cobo entre Calle 15 y 16, Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia.
| | - Thomas W Kuyper
- Soil Biology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - John Davison
- Department of Botany, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St, 51005, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Teele Jairus
- Department of Botany, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St, 51005, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Martti Vasar
- Department of Botany, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St, 51005, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tjeerd Jan Stomph
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul C Struik
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarja Öpik
- Department of Botany, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St, 51005, Tartu, Estonia
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Kusakabe R, Taniguchi T, Goomaral A, Undarmaa J, Yamanaka N, Yamato M. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities under gradients of grazing in Mongolian grasslands of different aridity. MYCORRHIZA 2018; 28:621-634. [PMID: 30043258 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-018-0855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in Mongolian grassland were characterized under gradients of grazing intensity at three study sites of different aridity: mountain forest steppe at Hustai National Park (Hustai), and desert steppe at Mandalgovi and Bulgan. Grazing intensity was classified into three categories: lightly grazed (LG), moderately grazed (MG), and heavily grazed (HG). With regard to floristic composition, grazing decreased the shoot biomass of Poaceae species, especially Stipa spp. Distinctness of the AM fungal communities was observed among the three study sites, but most of the AM fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that comprised over 1.0% of the total reads were ubiquitous. This result indicates that the AM fungal communities may be derived from similar AM fungal floras in correspondence with environmental factors. The composition of AM fungal communities differed significantly among the grazing intensities at all study sites. The relative abundance of the most dominant AM fungal OTU of the LG plots decreased with an increase in grazing intensity at all study sites. The mean proportions of the most dominant AM fungal OTUs also decreased with increased grazing intensity at Hustai. Dominance by a single AM fungal taxon may be a typical ecological feature of the AM fungal symbiosis, and grazing disturbs AM fungal community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kusakabe
- Graduate School of Education, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takeshi Taniguchi
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan
| | - Altansukh Goomaral
- Department of Biotechnology and Breeding, Mongolian State University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 61, Ulaanbaatar, 17024, Mongolia
| | - Jamsran Undarmaa
- Center for Ecosystem Studies, Mongolian State University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 61, Ulaanbaatar, 17024, Mongolia
| | - Norikazu Yamanaka
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori, 680-0001, Japan
| | - Masahide Yamato
- Faculty of Education, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
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Chagnon PL, Bainard LD. Using molecular biology to study mycorrhizal fungal community ecology: Limits and perspectives. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e1046668. [PMID: 26251887 PMCID: PMC4623061 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1046668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Molecular tools have progressively replaced morphological approaches to characterize microbial communities in nature. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are no exception to this rule. Yet, one challenge posed by these symbionts is that they colonize simultaneously both plant roots and soil, which complicates their detection and quantification. In most studies conducted to date, AM fungal communities have been characterized from roots only, soil only or spores only. Here, we discuss the pitfalls associated to drawing ecological inferences using such datasets. We also conclude by arguing that molecular biology will contribute most to advance knowledge in AM fungal ecology if it is integrated into broader perspectives taking into account the natural history of these organisms. This calls for a better merging of molecular and morphological approaches, and the establishment of intensive, long-term research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Luc Chagnon
- University of Alberta; Edmonton, Canada
- Correspondence to: Chagnon, Pierre-Luc;
| | - Luke D Bainard
- Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Center; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Swift Current, Canada
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