1
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Kayastha BB, Kubo A, Burch-Konda J, Dohmen RL, McCoy JL, Rogers RR, Mares S, Bevere J, Huckaby A, Witt W, Peng S, Chaudhary B, Mohanty S, Barbier M, Cook G, Deng J, Patrauchan MA. EF-hand protein, EfhP, specifically binds Ca 2+ and mediates Ca 2+ regulation of virulence in a human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8791. [PMID: 35614085 PMCID: PMC9132961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12584-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is well known as a second messenger in eukaryotes, where Ca2+ signaling controls life-sustaining cellular processes. Although bacteria produce the components required for Ca2+ signaling, little is known about the mechanisms of bacterial Ca2+ signaling. Previously, we have identified a putative Ca2+-binding protein EfhP (PA4107) with two canonical EF-hand motifs and reported that EfhP mediates Ca2+ regulation of virulence factors production and infectivity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a human pathogen causing life-threatening infections. Here, we show that EfhP selectively binds Ca2+ with 13.7 µM affinity, and that mutations at the +X and -Z positions within each or both EF-hand motifs abolished Ca2+ binding. We also show that the hydrophobicity of EfhP increased in a Ca2+-dependent manner, however no such response was detected in the mutated proteins. 15 N-NMR showed Ca2+-dependent chemical shifts in EfhP confirming Ca2+-binding triggered structural rearrangements in the protein. Deletion of efhP impaired P. aeruginosa survival in macrophages and virulence in vivo. Disabling EfhP Ca2+ binding abolished Ca2+ induction of pyocyanin production in vitro. These data confirm that EfhP selectively binds Ca2+, which triggers its structural changes required for the Ca2+ regulation of P. aeruginosa virulence, thus establishing the role of EfhP as a Ca2+ sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biraj B Kayastha
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Aya Kubo
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Jacob Burch-Konda
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Rosalie L Dohmen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Jacee L McCoy
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Rendi R Rogers
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Sergio Mares
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Justin Bevere
- Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Annalisa Huckaby
- Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - William Witt
- Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Shuxia Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Bharat Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Smita Mohanty
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Mariette Barbier
- Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Gabriel Cook
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Junpeng Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Marianna A Patrauchan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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2
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Shukla SK, Manobala T, Rao TS. The role of S-layer Protein (SlpA) in biofilm-formation of Deinococcus radiodurans. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:796-807. [PMID: 35507240 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the molecular basis of biofilm formation in a recombinant lab strain of Deinococcus radiodurans with a plasmid harbouring gfp and kanR that acquired the biofilm-forming ability. METHODS AND RESULTS D. radiodurans R1 is known as a non-biofilm former bacterium and so far there are no reports on its biofilm-producing capabilities. In this study, we investigated the molecular basis of biofilm formation in a recombinant strain of D. radiodurans using classical biofilm assays, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and real-time PCR. Biochemical analysis of D. radiodurans biofilm matrix revealed that it consisted predominantly of protein and carbohydrate complexes with a little amount of extracellular DNA (eDNA). Further, studies showed that D. radiodurans biofilm formation was enhanced in the presence of 25 mM Ca2+ , which enhanced the exopolysaccharide and protein content in the biofilm matrix. Enzymatic treatments with proteinase K, alginate lyase, and DNase I indicated the involvement of some proteinaceous components to be critical in the biofilm formation. RT-PCR studies showed that enhanced expression of a surface layer protein SlpA conferred the biofilm ability to D. radiodurans. CONCLUSION Overexpression of SlpA in D. radiodurans conferred the biofilm formation ability to the bacterium, in which a partial role was also played by the recombinant plasmid pKG. It was also shown that the presence of Ca2+ in the growth medium enhanced SlpA production, thus improving biofilm stability and biofilm maturation of D. radiodurans. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT This study shows how biofilm formation can be augmented in D. radiodurans. The finding has implications for the development of D. radiodurans biofilm-based biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir K Shukla
- Biofouling & Biofilm Processes Section, Water & Steam Chemistry Division, BARC Facilities, Kalpakkam, 603 102, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - T Manobala
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025, India
| | - T Subba Rao
- Biofouling & Biofilm Processes Section, Water & Steam Chemistry Division, BARC Facilities, Kalpakkam, 603 102, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
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3
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Sun Z, Zhang X, Zhou D, Zhou K, Li Q, Lin H, Lu W, Liu H, Lu J, Lin X, Li K, Xu T, Zhu M, Bao Q, Zhang H. Identification of Three Clf-Sdr Subfamily Proteins in Staphylococcus warneri, and Comparative Genomics Analysis of a Locus Encoding CWA Proteins in Staphylococcus Species. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:691087. [PMID: 34394031 PMCID: PMC8360574 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.691087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus warneri is an opportunistic pathogen that is capable of causing several infections, especially in patients with indwelling medical devices. Here, we determined the complete genome sequence of a clinical S. warneri strain isolated from the blood culture of a 1-year-old nursling patient with acute upper respiratory infection. Genome-wide phylogenetic analysis confirmed the phylogenetic relationships between S. warneri and other Staphylococcus species. Using comparative genomics, we identified three cell wall-anchored (CWA) proteins at the same locus (sdr), named SdrJ, SdrK, and SdrL, on the chromosome sequences of different S. warneri strains. Structural predictions showed that SdrJ/K/L have structural features characteristic of Sdr proteins but exceptionally contained an unusual N-terminal repeat region. However, the C-terminal repetitive (R) region of SdrJ contains a significantly larger proportion of alanine (142/338, 42.01%) than the previously reported SdrI (37.00%). Investigation of the genetic organization revealed that the sdrJ/K/L genes were always followed by one or two glycosyltransferase genes, gtfA and gtfB and were present in an ∼56 kb region bordered by a pair of 8 bp identical direct repeats, named Sw-Sdr. This region was further found to be located on a 160-kb region subtended by a pair of 160-bp direct repeats along with other virulence genes and resistance genes. Sw-Sdr contained a putative integrase that was probably a remnant of a functional integrase. Evidence suggests that Sw-Sdr is improbably an efficient pathogenicity island. A large-scale investigation of Staphylococcus genomes showed that sdr loci were a potential hotspot of insertion sequences (ISs), which could lead to intraspecific diversity at these loci. Our work expanded the repository of Staphylococcus Sdr proteins, and for the first time, we established the connection between sdr loci and phylogenetic relationships and compared the sdr loci in different Staphylococcus species, which provided large insights into the genetic environment of CWA genes in Staphylococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhewei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Danying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kexin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiaoling Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hailong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongmao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junwan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kewei Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Teng Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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4
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Wang T, Flint S, Palmer J. Magnesium and calcium ions: roles in bacterial cell attachment and biofilm structure maturation. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:959-974. [PMID: 31687841 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1674811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitous divalent cations magnesium and calcium are important nutrients required by bacteria for growth and cell maintenance. Multi-faceted roles are shown both in bacterial initial attachment and biofilm maturation. The effects of calcium and magnesium can be highlighted in physio-chemical interactions, gene regulation and bio-macromolecular structural modification, which lead to either promotion or inhibition of biofilms. This review outlines recent research addressing phenotypic changes and mechanisms undertaken by calcium and magnesium in affecting bacterial biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Steve Flint
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, New Zealand
| | - Jon Palmer
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, New Zealand
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5
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Tsvetkov PO, Devred F. Plasmatic Signature of Disease by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1964:45-57. [PMID: 30929234 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9179-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been used for several decades to characterize thermal stability of macromolecules such as proteins and DNA. It allows to determine the denaturation temperature and enthalpy of individual domains of proteins, thus giving new insights into their domain organization and ligand interaction. Over the past decade, it has been shown that this technique can also be used to study biofluids such as plasma or cerebrospinal fluid to obtain denaturation profiles. An increasing number of studies demonstrated that such profiles obtained from patients were significantly different from profiles obtained using biofluids of healthy individuals. This opens interesting perspectives for new diagnostics and monitoring tools for a large number of diseases. Nevertheless, the extensive studies of plasma samples from patients with different pathologies as well as the development of standardized methods of data analysis are necessary to reach the promising diagnostic potential of this methodology. Using plasma samples from healthy individuals and glioblastoma patients, we outline the steps necessary to obtain a plasmatic calorimetric profile with VP-DSC instrument and describe a cluster analysis of obtained data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp O Tsvetkov
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Fac Pharm, Marseille, France
| | - François Devred
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Inst Neurophysiopathol, Fac Pharm, Marseille, France.
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6
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Milles LF, Unterauer EM, Nicolaus T, Gaub HE. Calcium stabilizes the strongest protein fold. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4764. [PMID: 30420680 PMCID: PMC6232131 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07145-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcal pathogens adhere to their human targets with exceptional resilience to mechanical stress, some propagating force to the bacterium via small, Ig-like folds called B domains. We examine the mechanical stability of these folds using atomic force microscopy-based single-molecule force spectroscopy. The force required to unfold a single B domain is larger than 2 nN – the highest mechanostability of a protein to date by a large margin. B domains coordinate three calcium ions, which we identify as crucial for their extreme mechanical strength. When calcium is removed through chelation, unfolding forces drop by a factor of four. Through systematic mutations in the calcium coordination sites we can tune the unfolding forces from over 2 nN to 0.15 nN, and dissect the contribution of each ion to B domain mechanostability. Their extraordinary strength, rapid refolding and calcium-tunable force response make B domains interesting protein design targets. Staphylococcal pathogens adhere to their human targets using adhesins, which can withstand extremely high forces. Here, authors use single-molecule force spectroscopy to determine the similarly high unfolding forces of B domains that link the adhesin to the bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas F Milles
- Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physik and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Amalienstr. 54, 80799, Munich, Germany.
| | - Eduard M Unterauer
- Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physik and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Amalienstr. 54, 80799, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Nicolaus
- Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physik and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Amalienstr. 54, 80799, Munich, Germany
| | - Hermann E Gaub
- Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physik and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Amalienstr. 54, 80799, Munich, Germany.
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7
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Faria M, Bordin N, Kizina J, Harder J, Devos D, Lage OM. Planctomycetes attached to algal surfaces: Insight into their genomes. Genomics 2018; 110:231-238. [PMID: 29074368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Planctomycetes are bacteria with complex molecular and cellular biology. They have large genomes, some over 7Mb, and complex life cycles that include motile cells and sessile cells. Some live on the complex biofilm of macroalgae. Factors governing their life in this environment were investigated at the genomic level. We analyzed the genomes of three planctomycetes isolated from algal surfaces. The genomes were 6.6Mbp to 8.1Mbp large. Genes for outer-membrane proteins, peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis were present. Rubripirellula obstinata LF1T, Roseimaritima ulvae UC8T and Mariniblastus fucicola FC18T shared with Rhodopirellula baltica and R. rubra SWK7 unique proteins related to metal binding systems, phosphate metabolism, chemotaxis, and stress response. These functions may contribute to their ecological success in such a complex environment. Exceptionally huge proteins (6000 to 10,000 amino-acids) with extracellular, periplasmic or membrane-associated locations were found which may be involved in biofilm formation or cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mafalda Faria
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nicola Bordin
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarollo, CSIC, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, Km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Jana Kizina
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jens Harder
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Damien Devos
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarollo, CSIC, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, Km. 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Olga M Lage
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; CIMAR/CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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8
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Ajayi C, Åberg E, Askarian F, Sollid JUE, Johannessen M, Hanssen AM. Genetic variability in the sdrD gene in Staphylococcus aureus from healthy nasal carriers. BMC Microbiol 2018; 18:34. [PMID: 29661152 PMCID: PMC5902956 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-018-1179-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Staphylococcus aureus cell wall anchored Serine Aspartate repeat containing protein D (SdrD) is a member of the microbial surface component recognising adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMs). It is involved in the bacterial adhesion and virulence. However the extent of genetic variation in S. aureus sdrD gene within isolates from healthy carriers are not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate allelic variation of the sdrD gene among S. aureus from healthy nasal carriers. Results The sdrD A region from 48 S. aureus isolates from healthy carriers were analysed and classified into seven variants. Variations in the sdrD A region were concentrated in the N2 and N3 subdomains. Sequence analysis of the entire sdrD gene of representative isolates revealed variations in the SD repeat and the EF motifs of the B repeat. In silico structural modelling indicates that there are no differences in the SdrD structure of the 7 variants. Variable amino acid residues mapped onto the 3D structure revealed that the variations are surface located, exist within the groove between the N2-N3 subdomains and distributed mainly on the N3 subdomain. Comparison of adhesion to keratinocytes in an in vitro cell adhesion assay, using NCTC 8325–4∆sdrD strains expressing the various sdrD gene variants, indicated a significant difference between only two complements while others showed no major difference in their adhesion. Conclusions This study provides evidence of sequence variations across the different domains of SdrD from S. aureus isolated from healthy nasal carriers. Proper understanding of these variations is necessary in the study of S. aureus pathogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12866-018-1179-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clement Ajayi
- Research group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Espen Åberg
- Research group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Fatemeh Askarian
- Research group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Johanna U E Sollid
- Research group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mona Johannessen
- Research group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne-Merethe Hanssen
- Research group of Host-Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
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9
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Differential scanning calorimetry of plasma in glioblastoma: toward a new prognostic / monitoring tool. Oncotarget 2018; 9:9391-9399. [PMID: 29507697 PMCID: PMC5823627 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Recently, a growing number of studies have shown that denaturation profile of plasma samples obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) can represent a signature of a disease. In this study, we analyzed for the first time the DSC denaturation profiles of the plasma from patients with recurrent glioblastoma (n=17). Comparison to the one of healthy individuals (n=10) and to already described profiles in others cancer showed clear differences suggesting that this DSC profile may constitute a signature of glioblastoma. Parameters extracted from these profiles were used for cluster analysis which revealed the existence of glioblastoma profile subgroups which correlated with prognostic factors. Moreover, we showed that the presence of circulating bevacizumab and carmustine did not alter this calorimetric signature of the disease, indicating that an evolution of the profile could be followed without being masked by ongoing systemic treatment. Thus, our results constitute a very promising proof of principle that a specific calorimetric profile could be detected in the plasma of glioblastoma patients. Moreover, we believe that our findings point to a potential easy-to-use non-invasive monitoring tool for glioblastoma patients.
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10
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Peixoto RS, Antunes CA, Lourêdo LS, Viana VG, Santos CSD, Fuentes Ribeiro da Silva J, Hirata R, Hacker E, Mattos-Guaraldi AL, Burkovski A. Functional characterization of the collagen-binding protein DIP2093 and its influence on host-pathogen interaction and arthritogenic potential of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2017; 163:692-701. [PMID: 28535857 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Corynebacterium diphtheriae is typically recognized as the a etiological agent of diphtheria, a toxaemic infection of the respiratory tract; however, both non-toxigenic and toxigenic strains are increasingly isolated from cases of invasive infections. The molecular mechanisms responsible for bacterial colonization and dissemination to host tissues remain only partially understood. In this report, we investigated the role of DIP2093, described as a putative adhesin of the serine-aspartate repeat (Sdr) protein family in host-pathogen interactions of C. diphtheriae wild-type strain NCTC13129. Compared to the parental strain, a DIP2093 mutant RN generated in this study was attenuated in its ability to bind to type I collagen, to adhere to and invade epithelial cells, as well as to survive within macrophages. Furthermore, DIP2093 mutant strain RN had a less detrimental impact on the viability of Caenorhabditis elegans as well as in the clinical severity of arthritis in mice. In conclusion, DIP2093 functions as a microbial surface component recognizing adhesive matrix molecules, and may be included among the factors that contribute to the pathogenicity of C. diphtheriae strains, independently of toxin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Stavracakis Peixoto
- Professur für Mikrobiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, (IMPPG/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corynebacteria of Clinical Relevance-LDCIC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Camila Azevedo Antunes
- Professur für Mikrobiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corynebacteria of Clinical Relevance-LDCIC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Liliane Simpson Lourêdo
- Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corynebacteria of Clinical Relevance-LDCIC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,National Institute for Quality Control in Health (INCQS), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz- FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanilda Gonçalves Viana
- Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corynebacteria of Clinical Relevance-LDCIC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cintia Silva Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corynebacteria of Clinical Relevance-LDCIC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jemima Fuentes Ribeiro da Silva
- Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology, Department of Histology and Embryology, Roberto Alcântara Gomes Biology Institute - iBRAG - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raphael Hirata
- Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corynebacteria of Clinical Relevance-LDCIC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elena Hacker
- Professur für Mikrobiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ana Luíza Mattos-Guaraldi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, (IMPPG/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratory of Diphtheria and Corynebacteria of Clinical Relevance-LDCIC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University - UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andreas Burkovski
- Professur für Mikrobiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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11
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Petrushanko IY, Lobachev VM, Kononikhin AS, Makarov AA, Devred F, Kovacic H, Kubatiev AA, Tsvetkov PO. Oxidation of Са2+-Binding Domain of NADPH Oxidase 5 (NOX5): Toward Understanding the Mechanism of Inactivation of NOX5 by ROS. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158726. [PMID: 27391469 PMCID: PMC4938588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NOX5 protein, one of the most active generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an important role in many processes, including regulation of cell growth, death and differentiation. Because of its central role in ROS generation, it needs to be tightly regulated to guarantee cellular homeostasis. Contrary to other members of NADPH-oxidases family, NOX5 has its own regulatory calcium-binding domain and thus could be activated directly by calcium ions. While several mechanisms of activation have been described, very little is known about the mechanisms that could prevent the overproduction of ROS by NOX5. In the present study using calorimetric methods and circular dichroism we found that oxidation of cysteine and methionine residues of NOX5 decreases binding of Ca2+ ions and perturbs both secondary and tertiary structure of protein. Our data strongly suggest that oxidation of calcium-binding domain of NOX5 could be implicated in its inactivation, serving as a possible defense mechanism against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Yu Petrushanko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir M. Lobachev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey S. Kononikhin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Makarov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 32, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Francois Devred
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, CRO2 UMR_S 911, Faculté de Pharmacie, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Kovacic
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, CRO2 UMR_S 911, Faculté de Pharmacie, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Aslan A. Kubatiev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, RAMS, 125315, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Philipp O. Tsvetkov
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, CRO2 UMR_S 911, Faculté de Pharmacie, 13385 Marseille, France
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, RAMS, 125315, Moscow, Russian Federation
- * E-mail:
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