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Metwally SAH, Paruchuri SS, Yu L, Capuk O, Pennock N, Sun D, Song S. Pharmacological Inhibition of NHE1 Protein Increases White Matter Resilience and Neurofunctional Recovery after Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13289. [PMID: 37686096 PMCID: PMC10488118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, recanalization interventions are the only available treatments for ischemic stroke patients; however, there are no effective therapies for reducing stroke-induced neuroinflammation. We recently reported that H+ extrusion protein Na+/H+ exchanger-1 (NHE1) plays an important role in stroke-induced inflammation and white matter injury. In this study, we tested the efficacy of two potent NHE1 inhibitors, HOE642 and Rimeporide, with a delayed administration regimen starting at 24 h post-stroke in adult C57BL/6J mice. Post-stroke HOE642 and Rimeporide treatments accelerated motor and cognitive function recovery without affecting the initial ischemic infarct, neuronal damage, or reactive astrogliosis. However, the delayed administration of NHE1 blockers after ischemic stroke significantly reduced microglial inflammatory activation while enhanced oligodendrogenesis and white matter myelination, with an increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis of the oligodendrocytes. Our findings suggest that NHE1 protein plays an important role in microglia-mediated inflammation and white matter damage. The pharmacological blockade of NHE1 protein activity reduced microglia inflammatory responses and enhanced oligodendrogenesis and white matter repair, leading to motor and cognitive function recovery after stroke. Our study reveals the potential of targeting NHE1 protein as a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamseldin Ayman Hassan Metwally
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.A.H.M.); (S.S.P.); (L.Y.); (O.C.); (N.P.)
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Satya Siri Paruchuri
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.A.H.M.); (S.S.P.); (L.Y.); (O.C.); (N.P.)
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lauren Yu
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.A.H.M.); (S.S.P.); (L.Y.); (O.C.); (N.P.)
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Okan Capuk
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.A.H.M.); (S.S.P.); (L.Y.); (O.C.); (N.P.)
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nicholas Pennock
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.A.H.M.); (S.S.P.); (L.Y.); (O.C.); (N.P.)
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.A.H.M.); (S.S.P.); (L.Y.); (O.C.); (N.P.)
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Shanshan Song
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (S.A.H.M.); (S.S.P.); (L.Y.); (O.C.); (N.P.)
- Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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2
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Bkaily G, Jacques D. Calcium Homeostasis, Transporters, and Blockers in Health and Diseases of the Cardiovascular System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108803. [PMID: 37240147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium is a highly positively charged ionic species. It regulates all cell types' functions and is an important second messenger that controls and triggers several mechanisms, including membrane stabilization, permeability, contraction, secretion, mitosis, intercellular communications, and in the activation of kinases and gene expression. Therefore, controlling calcium transport and its intracellular homeostasis in physiology leads to the healthy functioning of the biological system. However, abnormal extracellular and intracellular calcium homeostasis leads to cardiovascular, skeletal, immune, secretory diseases, and cancer. Therefore, the pharmacological control of calcium influx directly via calcium channels and exchangers and its outflow via calcium pumps and uptake by the ER/SR are crucial in treating calcium transport remodeling in pathology. Here, we mainly focused on selective calcium transporters and blockers in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Bkaily
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Danielle Jacques
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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3
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Bkaily G, Simon Y, Normand A, Jazzar A, Najibeddine H, Khalil A, Jacques D. Short-Communication: Short-Term Treatment with Taurine Prevents the Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Early Death in Hereditary Cardiomyopathy of the Hamster and Is Sex-Dependent. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163287. [PMID: 36014791 PMCID: PMC9412608 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature death due to heart failure is a major health problem. Taurine is a non-essential amino acid that has received much attention. However, although many studies have been carried out on the beneficial effects of taurine in cardiac pathophysiology, no studies have investigated the effect of taurine treatment on the development of hereditary cardiomyopathy (HCM) associated with hypertrophy, heart failure, and early death. This study aims to verify whether short-term treatment (20 days) with taurine in tap water prevents the development of hypertrophy and premature death in hereditary cardiomyopathy of the hamster (HCMH) of the line UM-X7.1 and if its effect is sex-dependent. Our results show that treatment for 20 days with taurine (250 mg/kg/day or 25 mg/animal/day) during the development of the hypertrophic phase (220 days old) significantly decreased (p < 0.01) the heart weight to body weight ratio in male HCMHs without affecting the female. During the 20 days (220−240 days old), there were nearly 40% premature deaths in non-treated males HCMHs and 50% in female HCMHs. Treatment for 20 days wholly and significantly prevented early death in both males and females HCMHs. Our results demonstrate that short-term treatment with taurine prevents the development of cardiac hypertrophy associated with HCM in a sex-dependent manner; however, it prevents early death in a sex-independent fashion. Our results suggest that taurine supplementation could be used to treat HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Bkaily
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (D.J.)
| | - Yanick Simon
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Normand
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Ashley Jazzar
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Houssein Najibeddine
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Danielle Jacques
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (D.J.)
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4
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Hypotension in hereditary cardiomyopathy. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:517-527. [PMID: 35141778 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02669-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
It is well accepted that hypertension may lead to the development of heart failure (HF). However, little is known about the development of hypotension that may contribute to the onset of hereditary cardiomyopathy (HCM), thus promoting heart failure and early death. The purpose of this study is to verify whether a decrease in blood pressure takes place during different phases of HCM (asymptomatic, necrosis, hypertrophy, and heart failure). Using the well-known animal model, the UM-X7.1 hamster strain of HCM (HCMH), our results showed the absence of a change in mean arterial pressure (MAP) during the asymptomatic phase preceding the development of necrosis in HCMHs when compared to age-matched normal hamster (NH). However, there was a progressive decrease in MAP that reached its lowest level during the heart failure phase. The MAP during the development of the necrosis phase of HCM was accompanied by a significant increase in the level of the sodium-hydrogen exchanger, NHE1. Treatments with the potent NHE1 inhibitor, EMD 87580 (rimeporide), did not affect MAP of NH. However, treatments with EMD 87580 during the three phases of the development of HCM significantly reversed the hypotension associated with HCM.Our results showed that the development of HCM is associated with hypotension. These results suggest that a decrease in blood pressure could be a biomarker signal for HCM leading to HF and early death. Since the blockade of NHE1 significantly but partially prevented the reduction in MAP, this suggests that other mechanisms can contribute to the development of hypotension in HCM.
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Insulin-Induced Cardiomyocytes Hypertrophy That Is Prevented by Taurine via β-alanine-Sensitive Na +-Taurine Symporter. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113686. [PMID: 34835942 PMCID: PMC8623107 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although insulin-induced cardiac hypertrophy is reported, very little information is available on the hypertrophic effect of insulin on ventricular cardiomyocytes and the regulation of sodium and calcium homeostasis. Taurine is a non-essential amino acid synthesized by cardiomyocytes and the brain and is present in low quantities in many foods, particularly seafood. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether chronic exposure to insulin induces hypertrophy of ventricular cardiomyocytes that are associated with changes in Na+ and Ca2+ homeostasis and whether taurine pre-treatment prevents these effects. Our results showed that chronic treatment with insulin leads to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy that is associated with an increase in basal intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ levels. Furthermore, long-term taurine treatment prevents morphological and ionic remodeling induced by insulin. In addition, blocking the Na+-taurine co-transporter prevented the taurine antihypertrophic effect. Finally, the insulin-induced remodeling of cardiomyocytes was associated with a decrease in the ratio of phospho-CREB (pCREB) to total cAMP response element binding protein (CREB); taurine prevented this effect. In conclusion, our results show that insulin induces ventricular cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via downregulation of the pCREB/tCREB level and that chronic taurine treatment prevents this effect.
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6
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Varró A, Tomek J, Nagy N, Virág L, Passini E, Rodriguez B, Baczkó I. Cardiac transmembrane ion channels and action potentials: cellular physiology and arrhythmogenic behavior. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:1083-1176. [PMID: 33118864 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00024.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias are among the leading causes of mortality. They often arise from alterations in the electrophysiological properties of cardiac cells and their underlying ionic mechanisms. It is therefore critical to further unravel the pathophysiology of the ionic basis of human cardiac electrophysiology in health and disease. In the first part of this review, current knowledge on the differences in ion channel expression and properties of the ionic processes that determine the morphology and properties of cardiac action potentials and calcium dynamics from cardiomyocytes in different regions of the heart are described. Then the cellular mechanisms promoting arrhythmias in congenital or acquired conditions of ion channel function (electrical remodeling) are discussed. The focus is on human-relevant findings obtained with clinical, experimental, and computational studies, given that interspecies differences make the extrapolation from animal experiments to human clinical settings difficult. Deepening the understanding of the diverse pathophysiology of human cellular electrophysiology will help in developing novel and effective antiarrhythmic strategies for specific subpopulations and disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Varró
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Cardiovascular Pharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Jakub Tomek
- Department of Computer Science, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Norbert Nagy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,MTA-SZTE Cardiovascular Pharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Virág
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Elisa Passini
- Department of Computer Science, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Blanca Rodriguez
- Department of Computer Science, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - István Baczkó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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7
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Ghaleh B, Barthélemy I, Wojcik J, Sambin L, Bizé A, Hittinger L, Tran TD, Thomé FP, Blot S, Su JB. Protective effects of rimeporide on left ventricular function in golden retriever muscular dystrophy dogs. Int J Cardiol 2020; 312:89-95. [PMID: 32199683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ have been observed in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and in animal models of DMD, and inhibition of Na+-H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1) by rimeporide has previously demonstrated cardioprotective effects in animal models of myocardial ischemia and heart failure. Since heart failure is becoming a predominant cause of death in DMD patients, this study aimed to demonstrate a cardioprotective effect of chronic administration of rimeporide in a canine model of DMD. METHODS Golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) dogs were randomized to orally receive rimeporide (10 mg/kg, twice a day) or placebo from 2 months to 1 year of age. Left ventricular (LV) function was assessed by conventional and advanced echocardiography. RESULTS Compared with placebo-treated GRMD, LV function deterioration with age was limited in rimeporide-treated GRMD dogs as indicated by the preservation of LV ejection fraction as well as overall cardiac parameters different from placebo-treated dogs, as revealed by composite cardiac scores and principal component analysis. In addition, principal component analysis clustered rimeporide-treated GRMD dogs close to healthy control dogs. CONCLUSIONS Chronic administration of the NHE1 inhibitor rimeporide exerted a protective effect against LV function decline in GRMD dogs. This study provides proof of concept to explore the cardiac effects of rimeporide in DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Ghaleh
- U955-IMRB, Equipe 03, Inserm, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Inès Barthélemy
- U955-IMRB, Equipe 10, Inserm, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jérôme Wojcik
- Translational Informatics & Biometrics Europe, Precision for Medicine, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lucien Sambin
- U955-IMRB, Equipe 03, Inserm, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Alain Bizé
- U955-IMRB, Equipe 03, Inserm, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Luc Hittinger
- U955-IMRB, Equipe 10, Inserm, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France; AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Fédération de Cardiologie, F-94000 Créteil, France
| | - Thien Duc Tran
- EspeRare, Campus Biotech Innovation Park, Avenue de Secheron 15, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florence Porte Thomé
- EspeRare, Campus Biotech Innovation Park, Avenue de Secheron 15, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stéphane Blot
- U955-IMRB, Equipe 10, Inserm, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jin Bo Su
- U955-IMRB, Equipe 03, Inserm, UPEC, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France.
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Previtali SC, Gidaro T, Díaz-Manera J, Zambon A, Carnesecchi S, Roux-Lombard P, Spitali P, Signorelli M, Szigyarto CAK, Johansson C, Gray J, Labolle D, Porte Thomé F, Pitchforth J, Domingos J, Muntoni F. Rimeporide as a first- in-class NHE-1 inhibitor: Results of a phase Ib trial in young patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104999. [PMID: 32535224 PMCID: PMC7482441 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Rimeporide, a first-in-class sodium/proton exchanger Type 1 inhibitor (NHE-1 inhibitor) is repositioned by EspeRare for patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Historically, NHE-1 inhibitors were developed for cardiac therapeutic interventions. There is considerable overlap in the pathophysiological mechanisms in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) and in cardiomyopathy in DMD, therefore NHE-1 inhibition could be a promising pharmacological approach to the cardiac dysfunctions observed in DMD. Extensive preclinical data was collected in various animal models including dystrophin-deficient (mdx) mice to characterise Rimeporide’s anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties and there is evidence that NHE-1 inhibitors could play a significant role in modifying DMD cardiac and also skeletal pathologies, as the NHE-1 isoform is ubiquitous. We report here the first study with Rimeporide in DMD patients. This 4-week treatment, open label phase Ib, multiple oral ascending dose study, enrolled 20 ambulant boys with DMD (6–11 years), with outcomes including safety, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarkers. Rimeporide was safe and well-tolerated at all doses. PK evaluations showed that Rimeporide was well absorbed orally reaching pharmacological concentrations from the lowest dose, with exposure increasing linearly with dose and with no evidence of accumulation upon repeated dosing. Exploratory PD biomarkers showed positive effect upon a 4-week treatment, supporting its therapeutic potential in patients with DMD, primarily as a cardioprotective treatment, and provide rationale for further efficacy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano C Previtali
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Department of Neurology and INSPE, Milan, Italy
| | - Teresa Gidaro
- Institute of Myology, Hopital Trousseau, I- Motion, Paris, France
| | - Jordi Díaz-Manera
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau de Barcelona Servei de Neurologia, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Spain
| | - Alberto Zambon
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Department of Neurology and INSPE, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Pascale Roux-Lombard
- Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Immunology and Allergology Department, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Camilla Johansson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Protein Science, Division of Systems Biology, Solna, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Jacqueline Pitchforth
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, London, UK
| | - Joana Domingos
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, London, UK
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & Great Ormond Street Hospital Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, London, UK; NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, University College London, London, UK
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9
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Bkaily G, Jazzar A, Normand A, Simon Y, Al-Khoury J, Jacques D. Taurine and cardiac disease: state of the art and perspectives. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:67-73. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Taurine is a nonessential amino acid that has received much attention. Two organs, the heart and the brain, are known to produce their own taurine, but in very limited quantities. It is for this reason that supplementation with this amino acid is necessary. Today, taurine is present in almost all energy drinks. A very vast literature reported beneficial effects of taurine in hepatic dysfunction, gastrointestinal injury, kidney diseases, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Most of its effects were attributed to its modulation of Ca2+homeostasis as well as to its antioxidant properties. In this review, we will focus on the current status of taurine modulation of the cardiovascular system and discuss future avenues for its use as a supplement therapy in a specific cardiovascular disease, namely hypertrophy, and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Bkaily
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Ashley Jazzar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Normand
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Yanick Simon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Johny Al-Khoury
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Danielle Jacques
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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10
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Bkaily G, Najibeddine W, Jacques D. Increase of NADPH oxidase 3 in heart failure of hereditary cardiomyopathy. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:902-908. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
During the development of heart failure in humans and animal models, an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels was observed. However, there is no information whether this increase of ROS is associated with an increase in the density of specific isoforms of NADPH oxidases (NOXs) 1–5. The objective of this study was to verify whether the densities of NOXs 1–5 change during the development of heart failure. Using the well-known model of cardiomyopathic hamsters, the UM-X 7.1 line, a model that strongly resembles the pathology observed in humans from a morphological and functional point of view, our studies showed that, as in humans, NOXs 1–5 are present in both normal and UM-X7.1 hamster hearts. Even though the densities of NOXs 2 and 5 were unchanged, the levels of both NOXs 1 and 4 significantly decreased in UM-X7.1 hamster hearts during heart failure. These changes were accompanied with a significant increase in NOX3 level. These results suggest that, during heart failure, NOX3 plays a vital role in compensating the decrease of NOXs 1 and 4. This increase in NOX3 may also be responsible, at least in part, for the reported increase in ROS levels in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Bkaily
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Wassim Najibeddine
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Danielle Jacques
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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11
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Jacques D, Bkaily G. Endocardial endothelial cell hypertrophy takes place during the development of hereditary cardiomyopathy. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 453:157-161. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Bkaily G, Jacques D. Na +-H + exchanger and proton channel in heart failure associated with Becker and Duchenne muscular dystrophies. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1213-1223. [PMID: 28727929 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is found in patients with Duchenne (DMD) and Becker (BMD) muscular dystrophies, which are linked muscle diseases caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Dystrophin defects are not limited to DMD but are also present in mild BMD. The hereditary cardiomyopathic hamster of the UM-X7.1 strain is a particular experimental model of heart failure (HF) leading to early death in muscular dystrophy (dystrophin deficiency and sarcoglycan mutation) and heart disease (δ-sarcoglycan deficiency and dystrophin mutation) in human DMD. Using this model, our previous work showed a defect in intracellular sodium homeostasis before the appearance of any apparent biochemical and histological defects. This was attributed to the continual presence of the fetal slow sodium channel, which was also found to be active in human DMD. Due to muscular intracellular acidosis, the intracellular sodium overload in DMD and BMD was also due to sodium influx through the sodium-hydrogen exchanger NHE-1. Lifetime treatment with an NHE-1 inhibitor prevented intracellular Na+ overload and early death due to HF. Our previous work also showed that another proton transporter, the voltage-gated proton channel (Hv1), exists in many cell types including heart cells and skeletal muscle fibers. The Hv1 could be indirectly implicated in the beneficial effect of blocking NHE-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan Bkaily
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Danielle Jacques
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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