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Ganjiani V, Meimandi-Parizi A, Ahmadi N, Sharifiyazdi H, Divar MR. Evaluation of effects of Tempol on testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury. Am J Emerg Med 2024; 82:107-116. [PMID: 38901331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Tempol, a synthetic antioxidant compound, has received significant attention for its potential therapeutic applications in recent years, especially against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The aim of the present research was to assess the protective effects of Tempol on testicular I/R injury caused by testicular torsion and detorsion (T/D) in rats. METHODS The subjects were divided into five groups: sham, testicular T/D, testicular T/D with Tempol treatment at 50 and 100 mg/kg, and healthy rats treated with Tempol at 100 mg/kg. Testicular torsion was induced by rotating the left testicles for 2 h, followed by detorsion for 24 h. Testicular tissues were evaluated for gene expression, oxidative stress markers, and histopathology, epididymal sperms were stained and analyzed, and blood serum samples were collected to measure the testosterone hormone. RESULTS The results showed that testicular I/R caused a significant decrease in sperm velocity parameters, viability, and count, as well as an increase in abnormal sperms (p < 0.05). However, treatment with Tempol significantly improved these parameters (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis revealed severe damage to the testicular tissues, but treatment with Tempol improved the structural integrity of the seminiferous tubules. Testicular I/R also resulted in increased oxidative stress index and decreased testosterone levels significantly (p < 0.05), but Tempol administration mitigated these effects significantly (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of Bax and Bcl2, genes associated with apoptosis, were significantly altered by testicular I/R (p < 0.05), but Tempol prevented these changes significantly (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings provide strong evidence that Tempol can effectively prevent testicular I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Ganjiani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Nasrollah Ahmadi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Sharifiyazdi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Divar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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2
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Eser C, Mahir Kapl H. Possible Synergistic Effect of Tempol on SCC Treatment and Surgery: An in vitro Study. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1237.1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dincer B, Cinar I, Yayla M, Toktay E. Evaluation of the protective effects of gossypin for ischemia/reperfusion injury in ovary tissue. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 48:748-756. [PMID: 34931736 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious gynecological condition that affects women of reproductive age and reduces ovarian reserve. Management of I/R injury with detorsion causes reperfusion damage, in which oxidative stress plays a central role. This study aimed to investigate whether the gossypin (GOS) with antioxidant properties, a flavonoid, has beneficial effects on the biochemical, molecular, and histopathological aspects of ovarian I/R injury. METHODS Thirty-three female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Healthy (Sham-operated control group), I/R (IR group), I/R + GOS 5 (I/R with GOS 5 mg/kg), I/R + GOS 10 (I/R with GOS 10 mg/kg), and I/R + GOS 20 (I/R with GOS 20 mg/kg). This was followed by 3 h of ischemia and subsequent reperfusion for 3 h after detorsion was exposed. GOS was injected 2 h before reperfusion. RESULTS IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, and CASP-3 mRNA expressions, SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity, GSH (glutathione), and MDA (malondialdehyde) levels, and histopathological changes were evaluated in ovarian tissue. Histological examination indicated that treatment of ovarian I/R injury with GOS led to the improvement of ovarian tissue, which was accompanied by an increase in SOD activity and GSH level and a decrease in MDA level, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expressions. GOS was also corrected by reducing the elevated expression of CASP-3 as apoptosis-change marker. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the treatment of GOS may be useful as a conservative approach to reverse I/R injury via amelioration of oxidative stress parameters and histopathological scores, attenuation of inflammation, and the suppression of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busra Dincer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Irfan Cinar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Yayla
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Erdem Toktay
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
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Unsal V, Kolukcu E, Gevrek F, Firat F. Sinapic acid reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury due to testicular torsion/detorsion in rats. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14117. [PMID: 34081348 DOI: 10.1111/and.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of sinapic acid (SA) on biochemical and histopathological changes in an experimental testicular torsion-detorsion rat model. Twenty-four rats were randomised into four groups: sham group, ischemia/reperfusion (IR) group subjected to testicular torsion for 2 hr and then detorsion for 4 hr, and two groups treated with SA1 and SA2 (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, by single intraperitoneal injection, 30 min before reperfusion). Serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured by an autoanalyzer, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC), and nitric oxide (NO) oxidative stress parameters by spectrophotometric methods, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) parameters by the Elisa method. In addition, immunohistochemical and histopathological examinations were performed on testicular tissues. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of serum testosterone, FSH and LH levels (p > .05). SA significantly reduced increased testicular damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, cell death and also restored decreased antioxidant enzyme activities (p < .05). Pre-treatment of rats with SA reduced testicular dysfunction and morphological changes IRI. SA's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties were found to be protective against testicular IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velid Unsal
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Central Research Laboratory, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Engin Kolukcu
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Fikret Gevrek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Fatih Firat
- Department of Urology, Tokat State Hospital, Tokat, Turkey
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Li T, Zhang T, Gao H, Liu R, Gu M, Yang Y, Cui T, Lu Z, Yin C. Tempol ameliorates polycystic ovary syndrome through attenuating intestinal oxidative stress and modulating of gut microbiota composition-serum metabolites interaction. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101886. [PMID: 33592539 PMCID: PMC7896192 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder, which is often accompanied by oxidative stress. Tempol, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, protects against several diseases caused by oxidative stress. However, the effect of tempol on PCOS has not been investigated. The present study demonstrated the alleviation of ovarian dysfunction and glucose tolerance in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS rats treated with tempol. Tempol significantly reduced the intestinal oxidative stress in PCOS rats without affecting the ovarian redox rate. The 16S rDNA sequencing of the intestinal microbiome and non-targeted metabolomics analysis indicated significant differences in gut microbiota composition and serum metabolite profiles between the control and PCOS rats, and most of these differences were reduced after tempol intervention. Tempol alters the gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of genus Ruminococcus_1 and by decreasing the abundance of Ruminococcus_2, Staphylococcus, Ideonella, and Corynebnacterium genera. Tempol also attenuates the reduction of serum bile acid and stachyose levels in PCOS rats, and the serum stachyose level was significantly correlated with the abundance of 15 genera, particularly Ruminococcus_1 and Ruminococcus_2. Moreover, stachyose administration improved ovarian dysfunction in PCOS rats. Thus, our data indicate that tempol ameliorates PCOS phenotype by reducing intestinal oxidative stress, restoring gut dysbiosis, and modulating the interaction between gut microbiota and host metabolite. Therefore, tempol intervention is a potential therapeutic approach for PCOS. Tempol improved ovarian dysfunction and glucose tolerance in polycystic ovary syndrome rats. Tempol ameliorates intestinal oxidative stress and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The protective effect of tempol is associated alternations in serum bile acid and stachyose levels. Stachyose administration improved ovarian dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhe Li
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Huimin Gao
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Muqing Gu
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yuxi Yang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Tianyu Cui
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Zhongbing Lu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China.
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Nitroxides Mitigate Neutrophil-Mediated Damage to the Myocardium after Experimental Myocardial Infarction in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207650. [PMID: 33081101 PMCID: PMC7589606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion therapy increases survival post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) while also stimulating secondary oxidant production and immune cell infiltration. Neutrophils accumulate within infarcted myocardium within 24 h post-AMI and release myeloperoxidase (MPO) that catalyses hypochlorous acid (HOCl) production while increasing oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby enhancing ventricular remodelling. Nitroxides inhibit MPO-mediated HOCl production, potentially ameliorating neutrophil-mediated damage. Aim: Assess the cardioprotective ability of nitroxide 4-methoxyTEMPO (4MetT) within the setting of AMI. Methods: Male Wistar rats were separated into 3 groups: SHAM, AMI/R, and AMI/R + 4MetT (15 mg/kg at surgery via oral gavage) and subjected to left descending coronary artery ligation for 30 min to generate an AMI, followed by reperfusion. One cohort of rats were sacrificed at 24 h post-reperfusion and another 28 days post-surgery (with 4MetT (15 mg/kg) administration twice daily). Results: 3-chlorotyrosine, a HOCl-specific damage marker, decreased within the heart of animals in the AMI/R + 4-MetT group 24 h post-AMI, indicating the drug inhibited MPO activity; however, there was no evident difference in either infarct size or myocardial scar size between the groups. Concurrently, MPO, NfκB, TNFα, and the oxidation marker malondialdehyde increased within the hearts, with 4-MetT only demonstrating a trend in decreasing MPO and TNF levels. Notably, 4MetT provided a significant improvement in cardiac function 28 days post-AMI, as assessed by echocardiography, indicating potential for 4-MetT as a treatment option, although the precise mechanism of action of the compound remains unclear.
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El Kazzi M, Rayner BS, Chami B, Dennis JM, Thomas SR, Witting PK. Neutrophil-Mediated Cardiac Damage After Acute Myocardial Infarction: Significance of Defining a New Target Cell Type for Developing Cardioprotective Drugs. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:689-712. [PMID: 32517486 PMCID: PMC7475094 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Post-AMI survival rates have increased with the introduction of angioplasty as a primary coronary intervention. However, reperfusion after angioplasty represents a clinical paradox, restoring blood flow to the ischemic myocardium while simultaneously inducing ion and metabolic imbalances that stimulate immune cell recruitment and activation, mitochondrial dysfunction and damaging oxidant production. Recent Advances: Preclinical data indicate that these metabolic imbalances contribute to subsequent heart failure through sustaining local recruitment of inflammatory leukocytes and oxidative stress, cardiomyocyte death, and coronary microvascular disturbances, which enhance adverse cardiac remodeling. Both left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure are strongly linked to inflammation and immune cell recruitment to the damaged myocardium. Critical Issues: Overall, therapeutic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents identified in preclinical trials have failed in clinical trials. Future Directions: The versatile neutrophil-derived heme enzyme, myeloperoxidase (MPO), is gaining attention as an important oxidative mediator of reperfusion injury, vascular dysfunction, adverse ventricular remodeling, and atrial fibrillation. Accordingly, there is interest in therapeutically targeting neutrophils and MPO activity in the setting of heart failure. Herein, we discuss the role of post-AMI inflammation linked to myocardial damage and heart failure, describe previous trials targeting inflammation and oxidative stress post-AMI, highlight the potential adverse impact of neutrophil and MPO, and detail therapeutic options available to target MPO clinically in AMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary El Kazzi
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Belal Chami
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joanne Marie Dennis
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shane Ross Thomas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Paul Kenneth Witting
- Discipline of Pathology, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Abdelzaher WY, Khalaf HM, El-Hussieny M, Bayoumi A, Shehata S, Refaie M. Role of nitric oxide donor in methotrexate-induced testicular injury via modulation of pro-inflammatory mediators, eNOS and P-glycoprotein. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1700-1709. [PMID: 32666843 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120940361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent but its clinical use is challenged with different forms of toxicities including testicular injury. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the potential protective effect of potassium channel opener, nicorandil (NIC) (3 and 10 mg/kg/day) on MTX-induced testicular injury in a rat model. Rats were randomly divided into four groups (nine rats each) and treated for 2 weeks as follows: (I) normal control (CON group) received vehicle, (II) model group (MTX group) given MTX (20 mg/kg) single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection dose on 11th day, (III) MTX + NLD group treated with NIC (3 mg/kg/day) orally for 2 weeks and MTX (20 mg/kg) single i.p. dose on 11th day, and (IV) MTX + NHD group treated with NIC (10 mg/kg/day) orally for 2 weeks and MTX (20 mg/kg) single i.p. injection on the 11th day. The testicular injury was assessed biochemically via serum testosterone, total antioxidant capacity, testicular oxidative stress parameters, P-glycoprotein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1β. Furthermore, histopathological evaluation, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) immunoexpression, and detection of p53 expression level using Western blotting were performed. Results showed that MTX induced testicular injury which was proved by both biochemical and histopathological evaluations. Our results concluded that NIC pretreatment attenuated MTX-induced testicular injury via significantly increased eNOS immunoexpression, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Interestingly, NIC high dose is more protective than low dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Abdelzaher
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - H M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - M El-Hussieny
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ama Bayoumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - S Shehata
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mmm Refaie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 68877Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Topcu A, Balik G, Atak M, Mercantepe T, Uydu HA, Tumkaya L. An investigation of the effects of metformin on ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172790. [PMID: 31730761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Damage to the ovaries or tissue torsion can significantly reduce the ovarian reserve and thus cause severe gynecological and hormonal deficiencies. The discovery of new agents is always needed in the treatment of this condition. Metformin (MET) has been shown to be beneficial in attenuating ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury. Fifty-six female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into seven groups. Group 1 represented the control group (C), Group 2, the ischemia group (I), and Group 3, the ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R). Group 4, the ischemia (I)+250 group, and Group 5, the ischemia (I)+500 group, received 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg MET, respectively. Group 6, the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)+250 group, and Group 7, the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)+500 group, received 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg MET, respectively. Tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in ovarian tissue increased following I/R, while estradiol (E2) levels decreased. Moreover, infiltration and diffuse edematous areas were observed in addition to diffuse vascular congestion and hemorrhage findings. Caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ) expression levels also increased. MDA and TNF-α concentrations decreased in the MET treatment groups, while GSH and E2 levels increased. The findings showed that I/R causes ovarian damage through the induction of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. However, MET application was effective in preventing damage in ovarian tissue by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species, proinflammatory cytokines, caspase-3 and NF-κβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Topcu
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, 53100, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Gulsah Balik
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Atak
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Avni Uydu
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 53100, Rize, Turkey
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Ali FF, Ahmed AF, Elroby Ali DM. Underlying mechanisms behind the protective effect of angiotensin (1–7) in experimental rat model of ovarian ischemia reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2019; 235:116840. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Ge Z, Wang C, Zhang J, Li X, Hu J. Tempol Protects Against Acetaminophen Induced Acute Hepatotoxicity by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Front Physiol 2019; 10:660. [PMID: 31214044 PMCID: PMC6554449 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute hepatotoxicity is the leading cause of drug-induced acute liver failure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (tempol) on the protection of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Mice were pretreated with a single dose of tempol (20 mg/kg per day) orally for 7 days. On the seventh day, mice were injected with a single dose of APAP (300 mg/kg) to induce acute hepatotoxicity. Our results showed that tempol treatment markedly improved liver functions with alleviations of histopathological damage induced by APAP. Tempol treatment upregulated levels of antioxidant proteins, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione. Also, phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) and protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf 2) and heme oxygense-1 (HO-1) were all increased by tempol, which indicated tempol protected against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway. Moreover, tempol treatment decreased pro-apoptotic protein expressions (cleaved caspase-3 and Bax) and increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in liver, as well as reducing apoptotic cells of TUNEL staining, which suggested apoptotic effects of tempol treatment. Overall, we found that tempol normalizes liver function in APAP-induced acute hepatotoxicity mice via activating PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway, thus enhancing antioxidant response and inhibiting hepatic apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiwang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Junhong Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Pınar N, Kaplan M, Özgür T, Özcan O. Ameliorating effects of tempol on methotrexate-induced liver injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:758-764. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Pınar N, Çakırca G, Özgür T, Kaplan M. The protective effects of alpha lipoic acid on methotrexate induced testis injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 97:1486-1492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Lewandowski M, Gwozdzinski K. Nitroxides as Antioxidants and Anticancer Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112490. [PMID: 29165366 PMCID: PMC5713456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitroxides are stable free radicals that contain a nitroxyl group with an unpaired electron. In this paper, we present the properties and application of nitroxides as antioxidants and anticancer drugs. The mostly used nitroxides in biology and medicine are a group of heterocyclic nitroxide derivatives of piperidine, pyrroline and pyrrolidine. The antioxidant action of nitroxides is associated with their redox cycle. Nitroxides, unlike other antioxidants, are characterized by a catalytic mechanism of action associated with a single electron oxidation and reduction reaction. In biological conditions, they mimic superoxide dismutase (SOD), modulate hemoprotein’s catalase-like activity, scavenge reactive free radicals, inhibit the Fenton and Haber-Weiss reactions and suppress the oxidation of biological materials (peptides, proteins, lipids, etc.). The use of nitroxides as antioxidants against oxidative stress induced by anticancer drugs has also been investigated. The application of nitroxides and their derivatives as anticancer drugs is discussed in the contexts of breast, hepatic, lung, ovarian, lymphatic and thyroid cancers under in vivo and in vitro experiments. In this article, we focus on new natural spin-labelled derivatives such as camptothecin, rotenone, combretastatin, podophyllotoxin and others. The applications of nitroxides in the aging process, cardiovascular disease and pathological conditions were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Lewandowski
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Gwozdzinski
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland.
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Probucol Reduces Testicular Torsion/Detorsion-Induced Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5424097. [PMID: 29081888 PMCID: PMC5610873 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5424097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of probucol, a potent antioxidant, on testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury attributable to excess reactive oxygen species released by neutrophils. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham-operated control, ischemia-reperfusion, and probucol-treated groups. In the ischemia-reperfusion group, testicular detorsion was performed after 2 hours of left testicular torsion. In the probucol-treated group, after performing the same surgical procedures as in the ischemia-reperfusion group, probucol was given intraperitoneally at testicular detorsion. Orchiectomy was performed to evaluate protein expression of E-selectin which is an endothelial cell adhesion molecule and mediates neutrophil adhesion to vascular endothelium, myeloperoxidase activity (a mark of neutrophil accumulation in the testis), malondialdehyde level (an indicator of reactive oxygen species), and spermatogenesis. E-selectin protein expression, myeloperoxidase activity, and malondialdehyde level were significantly increased, and testicular spermatogenesis was significantly decreased in the ipsilateral testes in the ischemia-reperfusion group, compared with the control group. The probucol-treated group showed significant decreases in E-selectin protein expression, myeloperoxidase activity, and malondialdehyde level and significant increase in testicular spermatogenesis in the ipsilateral testes, compared with the ischemia-reperfusion group. These findings indicate that probucol can protect testicular spermatogenesis by reducing overgeneration of reactive oxygen species by inhibiting E-selectin protein expression and neutrophil accumulation in the testis.
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