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Jaiklaew S, Tansriratanawong K. Influence of Hypoxic Condition on Cytotoxicity, Cellular Migration, and Osteogenic Differentiation Potential of Aged Periodontal Ligament Cells. Eur J Dent 2024. [PMID: 38759996 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate and compare the influence of hypoxic conditions on cytotoxicity, cellular migration, and osteogenic differentiation of aged periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolated human PDL cells from aged and young subjects were cultured under hypoxic conditions, which were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 µM). To assess cytotoxicity, lactate dehydrogenase release was determined by the optical density at 490 nm, and the percentage of cell death was calculated. An in vitro wound healing assay was performed over 24 to 48 hours for cellular migration determination. Osteogenic differentiation was determined by alizarin red staining and osteogenic gene expression, including the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteopontin (OPN). RESULTS There was a significant difference in the percentage of cell death with high hypoxic condition (200 and 500 µM) compared to low hypoxic conditions on both day 1 and 2. The highest cellular migration was depicted at 50 µM in both young and aged groups of the in vitro wound healing assay. Osteogenic gene expression of RUNX2 in the aged group was increased at 25 and 50 µM hypoxic condition at day 7, but the expression was gradually decreased after 14 days. On the contrary, the expression of ALP and OPN in the aged group was increased at day 14. Only OPN had been found to be statistically significantly different when compared with gene expression at day 7 and 14 (p < 0.05). The results showed no statistically significant differences when compared with the young and aged groups in all genes and all concentrations. CONCLUSION The concentration of low hypoxic condition (25-50 µM) was proposed to promote cell viability, cellular migration, and osteogenic differentiation in aged PDL cells. We suggested that the potential of aged PDL cells for use in cell therapy for periodontal regeneration might possibly be similar to that of young PDL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukrit Jaiklaew
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kallapat Tansriratanawong
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Hua Z, Yang W, Li D, Cui Y, Shen L, Rao L, Zheng Y, Zhang Q, Zeng W, Gong Y, Yuan L. Metformin regulates the LIN28B‑mediated JNK/STAT3 signaling pathway through miR‑140‑3p in subretinal fibrosis. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:528. [PMID: 37869644 PMCID: PMC10587880 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Subretinal fibrosis (SF) is an important cause of submacular neovascularization that leads to permanent vision loss, but has no effective clinical treatment. The present study examined the influence of metformin on SF, and investigated whether the mechanism involves the microRNA (miR)-140-3p/LIN28B/JNK/STAT3-mediated regulation of oxidative stress, angiogenesis and fibrosis-associated indicators. A mouse model of laser-induced SF was established. In addition, an ARPE-19 fibrotic cell model was established using TGF-β1. A Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to examine cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to measure reactive oxygen species levels, and western blotting was used to detect the levels of proteins associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), signaling and fibrosis. The levels of superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, glutathione-peroxidase and catalase were measured using kits. Scratch assays and Transwell assays were used to assess cell migration and invasion, respectively, and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to determine the levels of miR-140-3p and LIN28B. Dual-luciferase assays were used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-140-3p and LIN28B, and coimmunoprecipitation was used to confirm the interaction between LIN28B and JNK. Masson staining and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to examine collagenous fibers and the histopathology of eye tissue. In ARPE-19 cells induced by TGF-β1, metformin promoted miR-140-3p expression and inhibited LIN28B expression and JNK/STAT3 pathway activation, thereby inhibiting oxidative stress, EMT and fibrosis in ARPE-19 cells. The overexpression of LIN28B or treatment with the JNK/STAT3 agonist anisomycin partially reversed the inhibitory effect of metformin on oxidative stress and fibrosis in ARPE-19 cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay and coimmunoprecipitation assay showed that miR-140-3p targeted the 3' untranslated region of LIN28B mRNA and inhibited LIN28B expression. LIN28B targeted and bound to JNK and regulated the JNK/STAT3 pathway. Therefore, it may be concluded that metformin can promote miR-140-3p expression, inhibit LIN28B and then inhibit the JNK/STAT3 pathway to alleviate SF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Hua
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650021, P.R. China
| | - Wenchang Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Dongli Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Yixin Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Lingna Rao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Qiying Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Wenyi Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
| | - Yi Gong
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, P.R. China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, P.R. China
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Combined drug triads for synergic neuroprotection in retinal degeneration. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Sanati M, Aminyavari S, Afshari AR, Sahebkar A. Mechanistic insight into the role of metformin in Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci 2022; 291:120299. [PMID: 34999113 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a type of dementia, is characterized by progressive memory decline and cognition impairment. Despite the considerable body of evidence regarding AD pathophysiology, current therapies merely slow down the disease progression, and a comprehensive therapeutic approach is unavailable. Accordingly, finding an efficient multifunctional remedy is necessary to blunt the increasing rate of AD incidence in the upcoming years. AD shares pathophysiological similarities (e.g., impairment of cognitive functions, insulin sensitivity, and brain glucose metabolism) with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), which offers the utilization of metformin, a biguanide hypoglycemic agent, as an alternative therapeutic approach in AD therapy. Emerging evidence has revealed the impact of metformin in patients suffering from AD. It has been described that metformin employs multiple mechanisms to improve cognition and memory impairment in pre-clinical AD models, including reduction of hippocampal amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) load, suppression of inflammation, amelioration of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, restriction of apoptotic neuronal death, and induction of neurogenesis. This review discusses the pre-clinical evidence, which may shed light on the role of metformin in AD and provide a more comprehensive mechanistic insight for future studies in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sanati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Samaneh Aminyavari
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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