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Park HW, Sevilleno SS, Ha MKTT, Cabahug-Braza RA, Yi JH, Lim KB, Cho W, Hwang YJ. The Application of Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in the Prescreening of Veronica Hybrids. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1264. [PMID: 38732480 PMCID: PMC11085602 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), a molecular cytogenetic technique that enables the visualization and identification of specific DNA sequences within chromosomes, has emerged as a pivotal tool in plant breeding programs, particularly in the case of Veronica species. Veronica, a genus with a complex reproductive system, often poses challenges in accurately identifying hybrids because of its tendency to hybridize, which leads to intricate genetic variation. This study focused on the use of FISH as a prescreening method to identify true hybrids in Veronica breeding programs. FISH analysis was first performed on the parents to identify their 45S and 5S rDNA signals, along with their respective chromosome numbers. The signals were then compared with those of the twenty progenies with reference to their supposed parents. Five true hybrids, seven self-pollinated progenies, and eight false hybrids were identified through FISH. The findings highlight the significance of FISH as a screening method that contributes significantly to the efficiency of Veronica breeding programs by ensuring the preservation of desired genetic traits and minimizing the inadvertent inclusion of misidentified hybrids. To conclude, this study underscores the vital role of FISH in enhancing the precision and success of breeding programs and opens new avenues for improved breeding strategies and crop development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Wan Park
- Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (H.-W.P.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Samantha Serafin Sevilleno
- Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (H.-W.P.); (S.S.S.)
| | - My Khanh Tran Thi Ha
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam;
| | | | - Ji-Hun Yi
- Division of Garden and Plant Resources, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ki-Byung Lim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - Wonwoo Cho
- Division of Garden and Plant Resources, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 11186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yoon-Jung Hwang
- Department of Convergence Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (H.-W.P.); (S.S.S.)
- Plant Genetics and Breeding Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
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Chaves ALA, Carvalho PHM, Ferreira MTM, Benites FRG, Techio VH. Genomic constitution, allopolyploidy, and evolutionary proposal for Cynodon Rich. based on GISH. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:999-1011. [PMID: 34709474 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01716-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polyploidy is the main mechanism for chromosome number variation in Cynodon. Taxonomic boundaries are difficult to define and, although phylogenetic studies indicate that some species are closely related, the degree of genomic similarity remains unknown. Furthermore, the Cynodon species classification as auto or allopolyploids is still controversial. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the genomic constitution in diploid and polyploid species using different approaches of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). To better understand the hybridization events, we also investigated the occurrence of unreduced gametes in C. dactylon diploid pollen grains. We suggest a genomic nomenclature of diploid species as DD, D1D1, and D2D2 for C. dactylon, C. incompletus, and C. nlemfuensis, and DDD2D2 and DD2D1D1 for the segmental allotetraploids of Cynodon dactylon and C. transvaalensis, respectively. Furthermore, an evolutionary proposal was built based on our results and previous data from other studies, showing possible crosses that may have occurred between Cynodon species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa Arantes Chaves
- Department of Biology (DBI), Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Mendes Carvalho
- Department of Biology (DBI), Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | - Marco Tulio Mendes Ferreira
- Department of Biology (DBI), Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil
| | | | - Vânia Helena Techio
- Department of Biology (DBI), Plant Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais State, Brazil.
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Falistocco E. Insight into the Chromosome Structure of the Cultivated Tetraploid Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa subsp. sativa L.) by a Combined Use of GISH and FISH Techniques. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040542. [PMID: 32331261 PMCID: PMC7238020 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytogenetic research in Medicago sativa subsp. sativa L., the cultivated tetraploid alfalfa (2n = 4x = 32), has lagged behind other crops mostly due to the small size and the uniform morphology of its chromosomes. However, in the last decades, the development of molecular cytogenetic techniques based on in situ hybridization has largely contributed to overcoming these limitations. The purpose of this study was to extend our knowledge about the chromosome structure of alfalfa by using a combination of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. The results of self-GISH (sGISH) suggested that a substantial part of the repetitive fraction of the genome of subsp. sativa is constituted by tandem repeats typical of satellite DNA. The coincidence of sGISH and C-banding patterns supported this assumption. The FISH mapping of the Arabidopsis-type TTTAGGG telomeric repeats demonstrated, for the first time, that the alfalfa telomeres consist of this type of sequence and revealed a massive presence of interstitial telomeric repeats (ITRs). In the light of this finding M. sativa appears to be a suitable material for studying the origin and function of such extra telomeric repeats. To further exploit this result, investigation will be extended to the diploid subspp. coerulea and falcata in order to explore possible connections between the distribution of ITRs, the ploidy level, and the evolutionary pathway of the taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egizia Falistocco
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 06121 Perugia, Italy
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Younis A, Ramzan F, Hwang YJ, Lim KB. FISH and GISH: molecular cytogenetic tools and their applications in ornamental plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:1477-1488. [PMID: 26123291 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1828-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The innovations in chromosome engineering have improved the efficiency of interrogation breeding, and the identification and transfer of resistance genes from alien to native species. Recent advances in molecular biology and cytogenetics have brought revolutionary, conceptual developments in mitosis and meiosis research, chromosome structure and manipulation, gene expression and regulation, and gene silencing. Cytogenetic studies offer integrative tools for imaging, genetics, epigenetics, and cytological information that can be employed to enhance chromosome and molecular genomic research in plant taxa. In situ hybridization techniques, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), can identify chromosome morphologies and sequences, amount and distribution of various types of chromatin in chromosomes, and genome organization during the metaphase stage of meiosis. Over the past few decades, various new molecular cytogenetic applications have been developed. The FISH and GISH techniques present an authentic model for analyzing the individual chromosome, chromosomal segments, or the genomes of natural and artificial hybrid plants. These have become the most reliable techniques for studying allopolyploids, because most cultivated plants have been developed through hybridization or polyploidization. Moreover, introgression of the genes and chromatin from the wild types into cultivated species can also be analyzed. Since hybrid derivatives may have variable alien chromosome numbers or chromosome arms, the use of these approaches opens new avenues for accurately identifying genome differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Younis
- Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, South Korea,
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Karyotype analysis and new chromosome number reports in Silene species (sect. Auriculatae, Caryophyllaceae). Biologia (Bratisl) 2010. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-009-0215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Markova M, Michu E, Vyskot B, Janousek B, Zluvova J. An interspecific hybrid as a tool to study phylogenetic relationships in plants using the GISH technique. Chromosome Res 2007; 15:1051-9. [PMID: 18075777 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-007-1180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2007] [Revised: 09/23/2007] [Accepted: 09/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We established a new auxiliary phylogenetic approach based on genomic in situ hybridization technique (GISH). We used an interspecific hybrid Silene latifolia x Silene viscosa to compare two different genomes simultaneously on one slide. By using GISH with genomic DNA from another closely related species as a probe, we directly compared the level of relatedness between the genomes of the studied species and parental species. This experimental design enabled us to approximately estimate evolutionary relationships between the genome of tested plant species and genomes of both parental species of the hybrid by using the ratio of intensities of fluorescence signals. We tested this technique in various Silene species and the results were in accordance with the topology of the phylogenetic tree we constructed based on rDNA sequences. The results were also well correlated with phylogenetic distances between species that we estimated from an rDNA-based phylogenetic tree. Our experimental approach could help to improve tree topology and serve as a useful complementary tool in molecular phylogenetic studies in related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Markova
- Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v. v. i., Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
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Zluvova J, Georgiev S, Janousek B, Charlesworth D, Vyskot B, Negrutiu I. Early events in the evolution of the Silene latifolia Y chromosome: male specialization and recombination arrest. Genetics 2007; 177:375-86. [PMID: 17603119 PMCID: PMC2013713 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.107.071175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the origin and evolution of sex chromosomes requires studying recently evolved X-Y chromosome systems such as those in some flowering plants. We describe Y chromosome deletion mutants of Silene latifolia, a dioecious plant with heteromorphic sex chromosomes. The combination of results from new and previously described deletions with histological descriptions of their stamen development defects indicates the presence of two distinct Y regions containing loci with indispensable roles in male reproduction. We determined their positions relative to the two main sex determination functions (female suppressing and the other male promoting). A region proximal to the centromere on the Y p arm containing the putative stamen promoting sex determination locus includes additional early stamen developmental factors. A medial region of the Y q arm carries late pollen fertility factors. Cytological analysis of meiotic X-Y pairing in one of the male-sterile mutants indicates that the Y carries sequences or functions specifically affecting sex chromosome pairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Zluvova
- Department of Plant Developmental Genetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
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