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Chen G, Woodfield HK, Pan X, Harwood JL, Weselake RJ. Acyl-Trafficking During Plant Oil Accumulation. Lipids 2015; 50:1057-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-015-4069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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2
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Kim JD, McCarter RJ, Yu BP. Influence of age, exercise, and dietary restriction on oxidative stress in rats. AGING (MILAN, ITALY) 1996; 8:123-9. [PMID: 8737611 DOI: 10.1007/bf03339566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of exercise, dietary restriction (DR) and aging on the formation of reactive oxidant species (ROS), antioxidant defenses, and membrane fluidity. Test were performed on hepatic microsomes, mitochondria, and cytosol from 9- and 20-month-old male Fischer 344 rats, which were divided into four groups: ad libitum fed, sedentary (AS); restricted, sedentary (RS); ad libitum fed, exercised (AE); and restricted, exercised (RE). Results show that both exercise and DR suppressed microsomal ROS production, but not mitochondrial ROS production, which increased with age in all groups. Exercise and DR increased catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and maintained cytosolic ascorbic acid concentration at high levels. Exercise led to significantly higher levels of cytosolic glutathione (GSH). Activity of cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD) remained unchanged, whereas glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activity significantly increased with DR. The fluidity of the mitochondrial membrane from exercised and DR rats deteriorated less with age than the membrane from AS rats. Exercise alone was found to improve fluidity, but was more effective when coupled with DR. These results suggest for the first time that the combination of exercise training and DR is the most effective means of preserving membrane fluidity and suppressing microsomal ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Kim
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7756, USA
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3
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Igal A, de Gómez Dumm NT. Influence of dietary n-3 fatty acids on the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in STZ-diabetic rats. J Nutr Biochem 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0955-2863(95)00016-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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4
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Buhr MM, Curtis EF, Thompson JA, Wilton JW, Johnson WH. Diet and breed influence the sperm membranes of beef bulls. Theriogenology 1993; 39:581-92. [PMID: 16727237 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(93)90245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/1992] [Accepted: 12/04/1992] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Semen was collected from 12 Hereford and 10 Simmental bulls at the conclusion of a 119-day Record of Performance growth trial. Within each breed, the bulls were fed a standard test ration (Diet 1) or an experimental diet consisting entirely of a pelleted concentrate with ground corn cobs as the primary fibre source (Diet 2). Semen was analyzed for motility and morphology while testicular tissue obtained at slaughter the day after semen collection was assessed for seminiferous tubule integrity; none of these parameters varied significantly with breed or diet. The fluidity of head plasma membranes from the spermatozoa was assessed with fluorescence polarization using tPNA. Fluidity decreased over the 160 minute observation period, indicating molecular rearrangments within the head membranes which may reflect sperm changes preceding fertilization. The fluidization displayed a breed-by-diet interaction since membrane fluidity differed significantly between breeds on Diet 1 and between diets for Simmental bulls. Fluidities of some samples were also analyzed with cPNA, and these differed significantly from those obtained with tPNA, indicating the presence of domains in sperm head membranes. Neither diet nor breed affected traditionally measured semen characteristics of Hereford and Simmental bulls, but the membrane dynamics differed between the 2 breeds, and diet affected the sperm membrane dynamics of Simmental bulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Buhr
- Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of Guelph Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
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5
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Chapter 4 Lipid-protein interaction in a biological membrane: Effect of cholesterol and acyl chain degree of unsaturation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7306(08)60233-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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6
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Yu BP, Suescun EA, Yang SY. Effect of age-related lipid peroxidation on membrane fluidity and phospholipase A2: modulation by dietary restriction. Mech Ageing Dev 1992; 65:17-33. [PMID: 1405788 DOI: 10.1016/0047-6374(92)90123-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Age-related changes in membrane property are generally accepted phenomena. In this report, using the anti-lipoperoxidative measure of dietary restriction on membranes, the age-related effects of lipid peroxidation on membrane fluidity are explored in conjunction with the membrane-associated phospholipase A2. The fluidity of mitochondrial and microsomal membranes from ad libitum fed rats shows a progressive decline with age as indicated by a substantial decrease in two parameters, l/polarization and l/anisotropy. In contrast, the membrane fluidity of dietary restricted rats shows slight changes between 6 and 24 months of age. Evidence is presented to support the possibility that age-related peroxidation of membrane lipids may play a significant role in bringing about fluidity changes in aged membranes. The findings on the increased phospholipase A2 with age is also consistent with this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Yu
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Department of Physiology, San Antonio 78284-7756
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7
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Horváth I, Török Z, Vígh L, Kates M. Lipid hydrogenation induces elevated 18:1-CoA desaturase activity in Candida lipolytica microsomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1085:126-30. [PMID: 1680004 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(91)90240-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microsomal membranes prepared from the mesophilic yeast Candida lipolytica grown at 10 degrees C were hydrogenated by the homogeneous Pd-catalyst, palladium di (sodium alizarine sulfonate) (Pd(QS)2). After hydrogenation to various levels, the microsomes were washed free of the Pd-complex and transferred to a reaction mixture (containing NADH, MgCl2, ATP, CoA and [14C]18:1-CoA) for assay of 18:1-CoA desaturase activity. Microviscosity alterations were also followed by measuring changes in DPH fluorescence polarization. Rapid catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids of the lipids occurred within 20-120 s, resulting in large increases in 16:0, 18:0 and 18:1 acids and decreases in 18:2 acid. In the range 7-20% 18:0 content, a pronounced increase in desaturase activity was observed, with a maximum of greater than 2-fold at a 18:0 content of 12%, followed by a decrease to the initial activity at 33% 18:0 content. These changes were well-correlated with changes in microviscosity, maximal desaturase activity occurring in the DPH fluorescence anisotropy range of 0.23-0.24; above and below this range, desaturase activities were close to the initial control values. It is suggested that the hydrogenation-induced increase in the formation of 18:2 from 18:1-CoA (proceeding partly through direct desaturation of PC) may be due to changes in conformation of the membrane-bound desaturase enzyme complex as a result of controlled rigidification of the surrounding lipids. The operation of such a self-regulating control mechanism would be consistent with a previously proposed model for microsomal desaturase action.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Horváth
- Institute of Biochemistry, BRC, Szeged, Hungary
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8
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Pugh EL, Kates M, Szabo AG, Krajcarski DT. Correlation of enzyme activities with fluorescence anisotropy of dansyl-labeled cytochrome b5/NADH-cytochrome-b5 reductase systems in phosphatidylcholine vesicles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1989; 985:255-65. [PMID: 2804107 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(89)90410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The changes in steady-state fluorescence lifetimes and anisotropy decay parameters, as well as enzyme activities, of dansyl-labeled cytochrome b5 (DNS-cytochrome b5), on interaction with NADH-cytochrome-b5 reductase in DMPC vesicles, have been measured as a function of temperature. Steady-state fluorescence of DNS-cytochrome b5 in DMPC vesicles with and without cholesterol was increased on interaction with reductase at temperatures both above and below the DMPC phase transition. In all systems three fluorescence decay components of the dansyl label in DNS-cytochrome b5 were observed. In the reductase-containing system, the long (major) decay time component of DNS-cytochrome b5 and the fraction of the total fluorescence associated with this component increased over the temperature range 15-30 degrees C. In time-resolved anisotropy measurements, the order parameters of DNS-cytochrome b5 in DMPC vesicles increased on interaction with reductase at temperatures above the DMPC phase transition, and this increase was even more pronounced in cholesterol-containing vesicles, at temperatures from 15-30 degrees C. The enzyme activity of the DNS-cytochrome-b5 reductase system in DMPC vesicles was also greatly increased in the presence of cholesterol. These results show that interaction of vesicle-bound DNS-cytochrome b5 and NADH-cytochrome-b5 reductase leads to an increased degree of order of the dansyl-labeled cytochrome with little change in its rotational flexibility, and suggests that the increased order can be correlated with increased enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Pugh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Ottawa, Canada
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9
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Castuma CE, Brenner RR. The influence of fatty acid unsaturation and physical properties of microsomal membrane phospholipids on UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity. Biochem J 1989; 258:723-31. [PMID: 2499306 PMCID: PMC1138425 DOI: 10.1042/bj2580723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between lipid composition, the physical properties of microsomal phospholipids and the kinetics of liver UDP-glucuronyltransferase was studied in microsomes from guinea pigs supplied with a normal or a fat-free diet for 28 days. Fatty acid deficiency did not modify either the cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio or the polar head group composition, but exclusively redistributed the unsaturated fatty acid pattern, by partially exchanging oleic for linoleic acid. This phenomenon accounts for the decrease of both rotational and translational mobilities of the fluorescent probes 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and pyrene respectively. When the thermotropic behaviour of the different systems was assessed, no transition temperature (gel-liquid-crystalline) between 10 and 40 degrees C was seen as a consequence of the lower degree of unsaturation, either in the microsomal membranes or in the total lipid or total phospholipid extracts from the treated animals. In spite of this, the polarization ratio of trans-parinaric acid and the fluorescence intensity of merocyanine 540 revealed that a significant lateral phase separation occurred at 20-22 degrees C in the extracted phospholipids, which was smoother in the total lipid fractions and in the native microsomal membranes. Fatty acid deficiency caused an upward shift of the midpoint temperature of the lateral phase separation. Furthermore, the phosphatidylcholine extracted from the 'normal' microsomes showed a lateral phase separation centred at a lower temperature than that extracted from 'fat-deficient' microsomes. In contrast, the Arrhenius plot of UDP-glucuronyltransferase from 'normal' microsomes exhibited a change in slope at a higher temperature than that from treated microsomes. These results would suggest that fatty acid deficiency in guinea-pig liver microsomes, while rigidizing the bulk lipids, would segregate the most unsaturated phosphatidylcholine molecules towards the UDP-glucuronyltransferase microenvironment, in accordance with our previous results with cholesterol incorporation [Castuma & Brenner (1986) Biochemistry 25, 4733-4738].
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Castuma
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CONICET-UNLP, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Argentina
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Whitington PF, Black DD, Struve W, Dockter ME. Evidence against an abnormal hepatic microsomal lipid matrix as the primary genetic defect in the jaundiced Gunn rat. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1985; 812:774-8. [PMID: 2982400 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(85)90271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The congenitally jaundiced Gunn rat does not conjugate bilirubin but does conjugate bilirubin dimethyl diester. Partial defects in conjugating p-nitrophenol and demethylating aminopyrine are also evident. A proposed mechanism to explain this combination of findings is a defective microsomal membrane. To examine the 'matrix' of Gunn microsomal membranes, hepatic microsomes were isolated from Gunn (jj) and outbred Wistar (JJ) rats and were studied by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of 7-doxylstearic and 12-doxylstearic acid probes, fluorescence polarization of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, glucose-6-phosphatase activity vs. temperature, and lipid analysis. The data indicate several factors related to lipid bilayer order do not differ in microsomes from jj and JJ.
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Goldfine H. Modulation of polar lipid composition by aliphatic chain unsaturation in bacteria. CURRENT TOPICS IN CELLULAR REGULATION 1985; 26:163-74. [PMID: 4075820 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152826-3.50020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Stubbs CD, Smith AD. The modification of mammalian membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in relation to membrane fluidity and function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1984; 779:89-137. [PMID: 6229284 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4157(84)90005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1223] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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13
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Pugh EL, Kates M. The dietary regulation of acyltransferase and desaturase activities in microsomal membranes of rat liver. Lipids 1984; 19:48-55. [PMID: 6708745 DOI: 10.1007/bf02534608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Dietary manipulation produces marked alterations in desaturase activities of rat liver microsomes with no concomitant changes in acyltransferase activities. Desaturation of stearoyl-CoA (delta 9-desaturase), linoleoyl-CoA (delta 6-desaturase), eicosatrienoyl-CoA (delta 5-desaturase) and eicosatrienoyl-phosphatidylcholine (delta 5-desaturase) was elevated in animals fed a corn oil diet and lowered in those fed a coconut oil diet compared to control animals. The delta 5-desaturase activities were also lowered in starved animals and elevated in starved animals refed a fat-free diet. However, no changes in acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acyltransferase activity were observed in the membranes of animals maintained on any of the dietary regimens studied. These observations suggest that the desaturases of rat liver microsomes are regulated independently of the acyltransferases and that desaturation of eicosatrienoyl-phosphatidylcholine is regulated at the level of the desaturase itself and not by availability of the phospholipid substrate.
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14
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Benga G, Holmes RP. Interactions between components in biological membranes and their implications for membrane function. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1984; 43:195-257. [PMID: 6087406 DOI: 10.1016/0079-6107(84)90014-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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15
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Foot M, Jeffcoat R, Barratt MD, Russell NJ. The effect of growth temperature on the membrane lipid environment of the psychrophilic bacterium Micrococcus cryophilus. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983; 224:718-27. [PMID: 6307159 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(83)90260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the delta 9-desaturase activity of the psychrophilic bacterium Micrococcus cryophilus grown at different temperatures and the physical state of its membrane lipids as measured by ESR spectroscopy has been studied. Arrhenius plots of desaturase activity were biphasic with a discontinuity at a temperature which depended upon the bacterial growth temperature. Changes in the desaturase activation energy, which increased as the growth temperature was lowered, are discussed in the context of membrane lipid fluidity adaptation to changing environmental temperature. The fluidity of membranes and isolated lipids was measured using nitroxide-labeled fatty acids. The spectra of 2-(10-carboxydecyl)-2-hexyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-oxazolidinoxyl in membranes indicated that there were two lipid environments within the membrane whose relative proportions were dependent both on temperature of measurement and on bacterial growth temperature. In contrast, 2-(3-carboxypropyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-tridecyl-3-oxazolidinoxyl spectra showed a single lipid environment and plots of log order parameter (S3) vs 1/T were biphasic with inflexion temperatures which were closely related to the bacterial growth temperature. As with membranes, plots of log S3 vs 1/T for total lipids, phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin, but not phosphatidylethanolamine, were biphasic and showed inflexions which correlated well with bacterial growth temperature. These results are interpreted as being consistent with a location for the desaturase within the bulk lipid of the membrane rather than in association with specific lipid types.
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16
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Chronic ethanol ingestion increases calcium uptake and resistance to molecular disordering by ethanol in liver microsomes. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)33995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Pugh EL, Kates M, Szabo AG. Studies on fluorescence polarization of 1-acyl-2-cis- or trans-parinaroyl sn-3-glycerophosphorylcholines in model systems and microsomal membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 1982; 30:55-69. [PMID: 7083418 DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(82)90007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent lecithin probes containing cis- or trans-parinaric acid (PnA) at the 2-position cis-parinaroylphosphatidylcholine (cis-PnPC) and trans-parinaroyl phosphatidylcholine (trans-PnPC)) showed similar behavior to that of the free cis- or trans-parinaric acids (cis-PnA or trans-PnA) in bilayer vesicles of synthetic saturated lecithins. Transition temperatures detected by cis-PnPC were about 1 degree C than those observed with trans-PnPC. In mixed lecithin vesicles, the trans-PnPC probe monitored a higher temperature melting component than did the cis-probe. Both probes were readily incorporated into microsomal membranes and into sonicated vesicles prepared from the microsomal phospholipids. With either cis- or trans-PnPC no change in polarization ratio was observed for microsomal membranes between 40 degrees C and 0 degrees C but this ratio increased with decreasing temperature between 0 degrees C and -5 degrees C. However, vesicles of extracted phospholipids showed a continuous increase in polarization ratio with decreasing temperature between 20 degrees C and -15 degrees C with trans-PnPC and between 5 degrees C and -15 degrees C with cis-PnPC. These results suggest that the two lecithin probes monitor different environments in the membranes and phospholipid vesicles prepared from them.
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