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Ceratti DR, Cohen AV, Tenne R, Rakita Y, Snarski L, Jasti NP, Cremonesi L, Cohen R, Weitman M, Rosenhek-Goldian I, Kaplan-Ashiri I, Bendikov T, Kalchenko V, Elbaum M, Potenza MAC, Kronik L, Hodes G, Cahen D. The pursuit of stability in halide perovskites: the monovalent cation and the key for surface and bulk self-healing. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:1570-1586. [PMID: 34846465 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh00006c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We find significant differences between degradation and healing at the surface or in the bulk for each of the different APbBr3 single crystals (A = CH3NH3+, methylammonium (MA); HC(NH2)2+, formamidinium (FA); and cesium, Cs+). Using 1- and 2-photon microscopy and photobleaching we conclude that kinetics dominate the surface and thermodynamics the bulk stability. Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy, as well as results from several other methods, relate the (damaged) state of the halide perovskite (HaP) after photobleaching to its modified optical and electronic properties. The A cation type strongly influences both the kinetics and the thermodynamics of recovery and degradation: FA heals best the bulk material with faster self-healing; Cs+ protects the surface best, being the least volatile of the A cations and possibly through O-passivation; MA passivates defects via methylamine from photo-dissociation, which binds to Pb2+. DFT simulations provide insight into the passivating role of MA, and also indicate the importance of the Br3- defect as well as predicts its stability. The occurrence and rate of self-healing are suggested to explain the low effective defect density in the HaPs and through this, their excellent performance. These results rationalize the use of mixed A-cation materials for optimizing both solar cell stability and overall performance of HaP-based devices, and provide a basis for designing new HaP variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Ceratti
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Materials and Interfaces, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel.
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2
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Clark T, Murray JS, Politzer P. The σ-Hole Coulombic Interpretation of Trihalide Anion Formation. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:3044-3049. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Clark
- Computer-Chemie-Centrum Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; Nägelsbachstr. 25 91052 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jane S. Murray
- Department of Chemistry; University of New Orleans; New Orleans, LA 70148 USA
| | - Peter Politzer
- Department of Chemistry; University of New Orleans; New Orleans, LA 70148 USA
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Lee H, Choi E, Noh TH, Jung OS. Recyclable scavengers for photo-cyclopropanation via an in situ crystallization process. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:18476-18483. [PMID: 27722684 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02604d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The palladium(ii) cyclophane systems, constructed by previously reported proof-of-concept self-assembly, represent a crucial landmark in the field of effective and recyclable scavenging of triiodide (I3-) in the photo-cyclopropanation of alkenes with CH2I2. The scavenger's driving force behind photo-cyclopropanation is the efficient in situ crystallization of triiodide-exchanged species. The exact quantitative photoreaction yields according to the mole ratios of the cyclophane system are impressive. The recycling behavior can be ascribed to the rigidity and stability of the four-layered tripalladium(ii)cyclophane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeri Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Eunkyung Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Tae Hwan Noh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
| | - Ok-Sang Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea.
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Son J, Tamang SR, Hoefelmeyer JD. Crystal structure of bis(3-bromomesityl)(quinolin-1-ium-8-yl)boron(III) tribromide. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2015; 71:1114-6. [PMID: 26396861 PMCID: PMC4555423 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989015015467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C27H26.82BBr2.18N+·Br3−, is a cationic triarylborane isolated as its tribromide salt. The aryl substituents include a protonated 8-quinolyl group and two 3-bromomesityl groups. The molecule was prepared on combination of 3:1 Br2and dimesityl(quinolin-8-yl)borane in hexanes. The refinement of the structure indicated a degree of `over-bromination' (beyond two bromine atoms) for the cation. There are two tribromide ions in the asymmetric unit, both completed by crystallographic inversion symmetry.
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Yushina ID, Kolesov BA, Bartashevich EV. Raman spectroscopy study of new thia- and oxazinoquinolinium triodides. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00497g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New polyiodides of thia- and oxa-zinoquinolinium derivatives were characterized using Raman spectroscopy and periodic 3D calculations of the Raman intensities. Polarized Raman spectra of the oriented crystals revealed the features of spatial organization in the polyiodide-anion chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina D. Yushina
- Chemistry Department
- South Ural State University (National Research University)
- Chelyabinsk
- Russia
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan B. Hakkert
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
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Bartashevich EV, Yushina ID, Vershinina EA, Slepukhin PA, Kim DG. Complex structure tri- and polyiodides of iodocyclization products of 2-allylthioquinoline. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476614010181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gómez E, Marco-Contelles J, Soriano E, Jimeno ML. N-Arylmethyl-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane derivatives: synthesis and reaction mechanisms. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Aragoni MC, Arca M, Devillanova FA, Garau A, Isaia F, Lippolis V, Mancini A. The nature of the chemical bond in linear three-body systems: from i3- to mixed chalcogen/halogen and trichalcogen moieties. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2007; 2007:17416. [PMID: 18389065 PMCID: PMC2276819 DOI: 10.1155/2007/17416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2006] [Revised: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3 centre-4 electrons (3c-4e) and the donor/acceptor or charge-transfer models for the description of the chemical bond in linear three-body systems, such as I(3) (-) and related electron-rich (22 shell electrons) systems, are comparatively discussed on the grounds of structural data from a search of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). Both models account for a total bond order of 1 in these systems, and while the former fits better symmetric systems, the latter describes better strongly asymmetric situations. The 3c-4e MO scheme shows that any linear system formed by three aligned closed-shell species (24 shell electrons overall) has reason to exist provided that two electrons are removed from it to afford a 22 shell electrons three-body system: all combinations of three closed-shell halides and/or chalcogenides are considered here. A survey of the literature shows that most of these three-body systems exist. With some exceptions, their structural features vary continuously from the symmetric situation showing two equal bonds to very asymmetric situations in which one bond approaches to the value corresponding to a single bond and the second one to the sum of the van der Waals radii of the involved atoms. This indicates that the potential energy surface of these three-body systems is fairly flat, and that the chemical surrounding of the chalcogen/halogen atoms can play an important role in freezing different structural situations; this is well documented for the I(3) (-) anion. The existence of correlations between the two bond distances and more importantly the linearity observed for all these systems, independently on the degree of their asymmetry, support the state of hypervalency of the central atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Carla Aragoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Francesco A. Devillanova
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Alessandra Garau
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Francesco Isaia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Vito Lippolis
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Annalisa Mancini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica ed Analitica, Universitá degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
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Kapferer P, Vasella A. Electrophilic Bromination ofN-Acylated Cyclohex-3-en-1-amines: Synthesis of 7-Azanorbornanes. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200490249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Antoniadis C, Hadjikakou S, Hadjiliadis N, Kubicki M, Butler I. Synthesis, X-ray Characterisation and Studies of the New Ionic Complex [Bis(pyridin-2-yl) disulfide] Triiodide, Obtained by Oxidation of 2-Mercaptopyridine with I2 ? Implications in the Mechanism of Action of Antithyroid Drugs. Eur J Inorg Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200400290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Svensson PH, Kloo L. Synthesis, structure, and bonding in polyiodide and metal iodide-iodine systems. Chem Rev 2003; 103:1649-84. [PMID: 12744691 DOI: 10.1021/cr0204101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 520] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Per H Svensson
- Inorganic Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, S-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Farina A, Meille S, Messina M, Metrangolo P, Resnati G, Vecchio G. Racematspaltung von 1,2-Dibromhexafluorpropan über Halogen-verbrückte supramolekulare Helices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-3757(19990816)111:16<2585::aid-ange2585>3.0.co;2-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Deplano P, Ferraro JR, Mercuri ML, Trogu EF. Structural and Raman spectroscopic studies as complementary tools in elucidating the nature of the bonding in polyiodides and in donor-I2 adducts. Coord Chem Rev 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(98)00238-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Robertson KN, Bakshi PK, Cameron TS, Knop O. Polyhalide Anions in Crystals. 3. The Br82? anion in diquinuclidinium octabromide, the crystal structures of Me4PBr3 and quinuclidinium tribromide, and Ab initio calculations on polybromide anions. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19976230117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Robertson KN, Cameron TS, Knop O. Polyhalide anions in crystals. Part 2. I3−asymmetry and N—H … I bonding: triiodides of the Me2NH2+, Ph2I+, tropanium,N,N,N′,N′-Me4-1,2-ethanediammonium,N,N,N′,N′-Me4-1,3-propanediammonium,N-Me-piperazinium(2+), andN,N′-Me2-piperazinium(2+) cations, and Me2NH2I. CAN J CHEM 1996. [DOI: 10.1139/v96-174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Crystal-structure determinations are reported for Me2NH2I3, (Ph2I)I3, tropanium-I3, [Me2HN(CH2)2NHMe2](I3)2, [Me2HN(CH2)3NHMe2](I3)2, (N-Me2-piperazinium) (I3)2•H2O, (N,N′-Me2-piperazinium)(I3)2, and Me2NH2I. The features of these and relevant literature structures are used to (1) classify triiodide structures by their ion-packing types; (2) analyze the relationship between the two I—I bond lengths d and d* in the I3−anion; and (3) examine the effect of N—H(N)… I hydrogen bonding on the symmetry of the I3−anion. It is found that the d,d* relationship can be represented to a high degree of correlation by the power function d* − d0 = K(d − d0)−c(d* ≥ d,d0 = d(I—I) in I2(g)) based on the 3c4e model of the anion. An empirical correlation is shown to exist between the H(N)… I and N … I distances both for unbranched and branched N—H(N)… I bonds. Comparison of the degree of asymmetry of I3−in two samples, one containing H-bonded I3−anions, the other with H-bonding absent, leads to the conclusion that while H-bonding is a factor affecting I3−symmetry, it is not a preferential factor. The four 1:2 title triiodides have structures of, or related to, the CdI2type, in which the anions form infinite pseudo-hexagonal channels. The positioning of the divalent cations on the axes of these channels gives rise to an interesting "vernier" effect governed by the cation length and H-bonding ability. Bonding in centrosymmetric I4rings in (Ph2I)I3and (Ph2I)I is examined. Key words: crystal structures, hydrogen bond, iodine–iodine bonds, polyhalide anions, triiodides.
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