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Labrum NS, Pink M, Chen C, Caulton KG. Reactivity of an Unusual Divalent Chromium Aggregate Supported by a Multifunctional Bis(pyrazolate) Pincer Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S. Labrum
- Department of Chemistry and the Molecular Structure Center Indiana University Bloomington 47405 Indiana USA
| | - Maren Pink
- Department of Chemistry and the Molecular Structure Center Indiana University Bloomington 47405 Indiana USA
| | - Chun‐Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the Molecular Structure Center Indiana University Bloomington 47405 Indiana USA
| | - Kenneth G. Caulton
- Department of Chemistry and the Molecular Structure Center Indiana University Bloomington 47405 Indiana USA
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2
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Fong A, Peters B, Scott SL. One-Electron-Redox Activation of the Reduced Phillips Polymerization Catalyst, via Alkylchromium(IV) Homolysis: A Computational Assessment. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Fong
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
| | - Baron Peters
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
| | - Susannah L. Scott
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, United States
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3
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Fong A, Yuan Y, Ivry SL, Scott SL, Peters B. Computational Kinetic Discrimination of Ethylene Polymerization Mechanisms for the Phillips (Cr/SiO2) Catalyst. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Fong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
| | - Sam L. Ivry
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
| | - Susannah L. Scott
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
| | - Baron Peters
- Department of Chemical Engineering, ‡Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5080, United States
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4
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Proton transfers are key elementary steps in ethylene polymerization on isolated chromium(III) silicates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:11624-9. [PMID: 25002479 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1405314111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mononuclear Cr(III) surface sites were synthesized from grafting [Cr(OSi(O(t)Bu)3)3(tetrahydrofurano)2] on silica partially dehydroxylated at 700 °C, followed by a thermal treatment under vacuum, and characterized by infrared, ultraviolet-visible, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). These sites are highly active in ethylene polymerization to yield polyethylene with a broad molecular weight distribution, similar to that typically obtained from the Phillips catalyst. CO binding, EPR spectroscopy, and poisoning studies indicate that two different types of Cr(III) sites are present on the surface, one of which is active in polymerization. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations using cluster models show that active sites are tricoordinated Cr(III) centers and that the presence of an additional siloxane bridge coordinated to Cr leads to inactive species. From IR spectroscopy and DFT calculations, these tricoordinated Cr(III) sites initiate and regulate the polymer chain length via unique proton transfer steps in polymerization catalysis.
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5
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O'Reilly ME, Veige AS. Trianionic pincer and pincer-type metal complexes and catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:6325-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00111g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive examination of the synthesis, characterization, properties, and catalytic applications of trianionic pincer metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam S. Veige
- Center for Catalysis
- University of Florida
- Gainesville, USA
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6
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Cheng R, Liu Z, Zhong L, He X, Qiu P, Terano M, Eisen MS, Scott SL, Liu B. Phillips Cr/Silica Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization. POLYOLEFINS: 50 YEARS AFTER ZIEGLER AND NATTA I 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2013_222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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7
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Liu Z, Cheng R, He X, Wu X, Liu B. DFT Functional Benchmarking on the Energy Splitting of Chromium Spin States and Mechanistic Study of Acetylene Cyclotrimerization over the Phillips Cr(II)/Silica Catalyst. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:7538-49. [DOI: 10.1021/jp302529q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130
Meilong Road, 200237 Shanghai, China
| | - Ruihua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130
Meilong Road, 200237 Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelian He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130
Meilong Road, 200237 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130
Meilong Road, 200237 Shanghai, China
| | - Boping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130
Meilong Road, 200237 Shanghai, China
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8
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A neutral trianionic pincer [NCN]CrIV–Me complex as a highly active ethylene polymerization precatalyst. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Zhong L, Liu Z, Cheng R, Tang S, Qiu P, He X, Terano M, Liu B. Active Site Transformation During the Induction Period of Ethylene Polymerization over the Phillips CrOx/SiO2 Catalyst. ChemCatChem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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10
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McGowan KP, Abboud KA, Veige AS. Trianionic NCN3– Pincer Complexes of Chromium in Four Oxidation States (CrII, CrIII, CrIV, CrV): Determination of the Active Catalyst in Selective 1-Alkene to 2-Alkene Isomerization. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200547u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P. McGowan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Khalil A. Abboud
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Adam S. Veige
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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11
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Tonosaki K, Taniike T, Terano M. Comprehensive Investigation of Catalyst Structure and Polymerization Conditions for Chain Branching in Ethylene Polymerization with Phillips-Type Catalysts. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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12
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Phukan AK, Guha AK. Nature of Transannular Intramolecular Interactions in Group 4 and 6 Metallatranes: A Combined Density Functional Theory and Atoms in Molecules Theory Study. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:9884-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ic101542m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini K. Phukan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam 784028, Assam, India
| | - Ankur Kanti Guha
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam 784028, Assam, India
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13
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Li X, Cheng R, Luo J, Dong Q, He X, Li L, Yu Y, Da J, Liu B. Experimental and theoretical studies on ethylene polymerization using SiO2-supported silyl chromate type catalysts prepared by a green method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2010.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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McDaniel MP. A Review of the Phillips Supported Chromium Catalyst and Its Commercial Use for Ethylene Polymerization. ADVANCES IN CATALYSIS 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-0564(10)53003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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15
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Xia W, Tonosaki K, Taniike T, Terano M, Fujitani T, Liu B. Copolymerization of ethylene and cyclopentene with the Phillips CrOx/SiO2catalyst in the presence of an aluminum alkyl cocatalyst. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Liu B, Fang Y, Xia W, Terano M. Theoretical investigation of novel silsesquioxane-supported Phillips-type catalyst by density functional theory (DFT) method. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158406020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Groppo E, Lamberti C, Bordiga S, Spoto G, Zecchina A. The Structure of Active Centers and the Ethylene Polymerization Mechanism on the Cr/SiO2 Catalyst: A Frontier for the Characterization Methods. Chem Rev 2005; 105:115-84. [PMID: 15720153 DOI: 10.1021/cr040083s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Groppo
- Department of Inorganic, Physical and Materials Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Torino, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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18
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Liu B, Fang Y, Terano M. Theoretical Study of the Monomer Reaction Mechanism on Phillips CrOx/SiO2Catalyst Using Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Paired Interacting Orbitals (PIO) Methods. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2004. [DOI: 10.1080/08927020412331298711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Hoganson CW, Doren DJ, Theopold KH. Selectivity in the Polymerization of Olefins with Cyclopentadienyl Chromium Catalysts: A Density Functional Study. Macromolecules 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ma035080g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Curtis W. Hoganson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Douglas J. Doren
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Klaus H. Theopold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
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Liu B, Nakatani H, Terano M. Mechanistic implications of the unprecedented transformations of ethene into propene and butene over Phillips CrOx/SiO2 catalyst during induction period. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(03)00151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Filippou AC, Schneider S. Unusually Stable Chromium(IV) Alkyls Bearing a Triamidoamine Ligand. Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om030273d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C. Filippou
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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22
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Beaudoin MC, Womiloju O, Fu A, Ajjou JAN, Rice GL, Scott SL. Silica-supported alkylidene complexes: their preparation, characterization and reactivity, especially towards olefins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(02)00248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Molecular-Level Insight into Cr/Silica Phillips-Type Catalysts: Polymerization-Active Mononuclear Chromium Sites. J Catal 2002. [DOI: 10.1006/jcat.2001.3443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Scott SL, Amor Nait Ajjou J. Surface organometallic investigation of the mechanism of ethylene polymerization by silica-supported Cr catalysts. Chem Eng Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2509(01)00084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Amor Nait Ajjou J, Scott SL. A Kinetic Study of Ethylene and 1-Hexene Homo- and Copolymerization Catalyzed by a Silica-Supported Cr(IV) Complex: Evidence for Propagation by a Migratory Insertion Mechanism. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja001693m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Amor Nait Ajjou
- Contribution from the Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Susannah L. Scott
- Contribution from the Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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