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Yuan L, Jiang H, Li T, Liu Q, Jiang X, Han X, Wei Y, Yin X, Wang S. A Simulation Study to Reveal the Epidemiology and Aerosol Transmission Characteristics of Botrytis cinerea in Grape Greenhouses. Pathogens 2024; 13:505. [PMID: 38921802 PMCID: PMC11207035 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Most previously studies had considered that plant fungal disease spread widely and quickly by airborne fungi spore. However, little is known about the release dynamics, aerodynamic diameter, and pathogenicity threshold of fungi spore in air of the greenhouse environment. Grape gray mold is caused by Botrytis cinerea; the disease spreads in greenhouses by spores in the air and the spore attaches to the leaf and infects plant through the orifice. In this study, 120 μmol/L propidium monoazide (PMA) were suitable for treatment and quantitation viable spore by quantitative real-time PCR, with a limit detection of 8 spores/mL in spore suspension. In total, 93 strains of B. cinerea with high pathogenicity were isolated and identified from the air samples of grapevines greenhouses by a portable sampler. The particle size of B. cinerea aerosol ranged predominately from 0.65-3.3 μm, accounting for 71.77% of the total amount. The B. cinerea spore aerosols were infective to healthy grape plants, with the lowest concentration that could cause disease being 42 spores/m3. Botrytis cinerea spores collected form six greenhouse in Shandong Province were quantified by PMA-qPCR, with a higher concentration (1182.89 spores/m3) in May and June and a lower concentration in July and August (6.30 spores/m3). This study suggested that spore dispersal in aerosol is an important route for the epidemiology of plant fungal disease, and these data will contribute to the development of new strategies for the effective alleviation and control of plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Yuan
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hang Jiang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tinggang Li
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qibao Liu
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xilong Jiang
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xing Han
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yanfeng Wei
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiangtian Yin
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Suna Wang
- School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
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Santos M, Diánez F, Sánchez-Montesinos B, Huertas V, Moreno-Gavira A, Esteban García B, Garrido-Cárdenas JA, Gea FJ. Biocontrol of Diseases Caused by Phytophthora capsici and P. parasitica in Pepper Plants. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9030360. [PMID: 36983528 PMCID: PMC10051450 DOI: 10.3390/jof9030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum, T. longibrachiatum, Paecilomyces variotii, and T. saturnisporum as biological control agents (BCAs) against diseases caused by P. capsici and P. parasitica in pepper. For this purpose, their antagonistic activities were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. We analysed the expression patterns of five defence related genes, CaBGLU, CaRGA1, CaBPR1, CaPTI1, and CaSAR8.2, in leaves. All BCAs showed a high in vitro antagonistic activity, significantly reducing the mycelial growth of P. capsici and P. parasitica. The treatments with T. aggressivum f. europaeum, T. longibrachiatum, and P. variotii substantially reduced the severity of the disease caused by P. capsici by 54, 76, and 70%, respectively, and of the disease caused by P. parasitica by 66, 55, and 64%, respectively. T. saturnisporum had the lowest values of disease reduction. Reinoculation with the four BCAs increased the control of both plant pathogens. Markedly different expression patterns were observed in the genes CaBGLU, CaRGA1, and CaSAR8.2. Based on the results, all four BCAs under study could be used as a biological alternative to chemicals for the control of P. capsici and P. parasitica in pepper with a high success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Santos
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-628188339
| | - Fernando Diánez
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Brenda Sánchez-Montesinos
- Departamento de Agronomía, División Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato, Irapuato 36500, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Victoria Huertas
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Alejandro Moreno-Gavira
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Belén Esteban García
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Edificio CITE IIB, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - José A. Garrido-Cárdenas
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Edificio CITE IIB, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Gea
- Centro de Investigación, Experimentación y Servicios del Champiñón (CIES), Quintanar del Rey, 16220 Cuenca, Spain
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Afridi MS, Ali S, Salam A, César Terra W, Hafeez A, Ali B, S AlTami M, Ameen F, Ercisli S, Marc RA, Medeiros FHV, Karunakaran R. Plant Microbiome Engineering: Hopes or Hypes. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121782. [PMID: 36552290 PMCID: PMC9774975 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rhizosphere microbiome is a dynamic and complex zone of microbial communities. This complex plant-associated microbial community, usually regarded as the plant's second genome, plays a crucial role in plant health. It is unquestioned that plant microbiome collectively contributes to plant growth and fitness. It also provides a safeguard from plant pathogens, and induces tolerance in the host against abiotic stressors. The revolution in omics, gene-editing and sequencing tools have somehow led to unravel the compositions and latent interactions between plants and microbes. Similarly, besides standard practices, many biotechnological, (bio)chemical and ecological methods have also been proposed. Such platforms have been solely dedicated to engineer the complex microbiome by untangling the potential barriers, and to achieve better agriculture output. Yet, several limitations, for example, the biological obstacles, abiotic constraints and molecular tools that capably impact plant microbiome engineering and functionality, remained unaddressed problems. In this review, we provide a holistic overview of plant microbiome composition, complexities, and major challenges in plant microbiome engineering. Then, we unearthed all inevitable abiotic factors that serve as bottlenecks by discouraging plant microbiome engineering and functionality. Lastly, by exploring the inherent role of micro/macrofauna, we propose economic and eco-friendly strategies that could be harnessed sustainably and biotechnologically for resilient plant microbiome engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Siddique Afridi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Sher Ali
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Abdul Salam
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Willian César Terra
- Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Aqsa Hafeez
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mona S AlTami
- Biology Department, College of Science, Qassim University, Burydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănă ̧stur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Flavio H V Medeiros
- Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Rohini Karunakaran
- Unit of Biochemistry, Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong 08100, Malaysia
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering (SSE), SIMATS, Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Science, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong 08100, Malaysia
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Impact of Fungi on Agriculture Production, Productivity, and Sustainability. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8877-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sánchez-Montesinos B, Santos M, Moreno-Gavíra A, Marín-Rodulfo T, Gea FJ, Diánez F. Biological Control of Fungal Diseases by Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum and Its Compatibility with Fungicides. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:598. [PMID: 34436137 PMCID: PMC8397002 DOI: 10.3390/jof7080598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Our purpose was to evaluate the ability of Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum as a biological control agent against diseases from fungal phytopathogens. Twelve isolates of T. aggressivum f. europaeum were obtained from several substrates used for Agaricus bisporus cultivation from farms in Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). Growth rates of the 12 isolates were determined, and their antagonistic activity was analysed in vitro against Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium solani f. cucurbitae, Pythium aphanidermatum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Mycosphaerella melonis, and all isolates had high growth rates. T. aggressivum f. europaeum showed high antagonistic activity for different phytopathogens, greater than 80%, except for P. aphanidermatum at approximately 65%. The most effective isolate, T. aggressivum f. europaeum TAET1, inhibited B. cinerea, S. sclerotiorum, and M. melonis growth by 100% in detached leaves assay and inhibited germination of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia. Disease incidence and severity in plant assays for pathosystems ranged from 22% for F. solani to 80% for M. melonis. This isolate reduced the incidence of Podosphaera xanthii in zucchini leaves by 66.78%. The high compatibility by this isolate with fungicides could allow its use in combination with different pest management strategies. Based on the results, T. aggressivum f. europaeum TAET1 should be considered for studies in commercial greenhouses as a biological control agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Sánchez-Montesinos
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (B.S.-M.); (A.M.-G.); (T.M.-R.)
| | - Mila Santos
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (B.S.-M.); (A.M.-G.); (T.M.-R.)
| | - Alejandro Moreno-Gavíra
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (B.S.-M.); (A.M.-G.); (T.M.-R.)
| | - Teresa Marín-Rodulfo
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (B.S.-M.); (A.M.-G.); (T.M.-R.)
| | - Francisco J. Gea
- Centro de Investigación, Experimentación y Servicios del Champiñón (CIES), Quintanar del Rey, 16220 Cuenca, Spain;
| | - Fernando Diánez
- Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (B.S.-M.); (A.M.-G.); (T.M.-R.)
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Kepler RM, Maul JE, Rehner SA. Managing the plant microbiome for biocontrol fungi: examples from Hypocreales. Curr Opin Microbiol 2017; 37:48-53. [PMID: 28441534 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Feeding an increasing global population requires continued improvements in agricultural efficiency and productivity. Meeting estimated future production levels requires the adoption of practices that increase output without environmental degradation associated with external inputs to supplement nutrition or control pests. Enriching the community of microbes associated with plants in agricultural systems for those providing ecosystem services such as pest control is one possible component towards achieving sustainable productivity increases. In this review we explore the current state of knowledge for Hypocreales fungi used in biological control. Advances in understanding the field ecology, diversity and genetic determinants of host range and virulence of hypocrealean fungi provide the means to improve their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Kepler
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg 001, Rm 123, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States.
| | - Jude E Maul
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Bldg 001, Rm 123, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - Stephen A Rehner
- USDA-ARS, Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, 20705, United States
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Roberts DP, Lakshman DK, McKenna LF, Emche SE, Maul JE, Bauchan G. Seed Treatment with Ethanol Extract of Serratia marcescens is Compatible with Trichoderma Isolates for Control of Damping-off of Cucumber Caused by Pythium ultimum. PLANT DISEASE 2016; 100:1278-1287. [PMID: 30686196 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-15-1039-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly control measures for soilborne plant pathogens are needed that are effective in different soils when applied alone or as components of an integrated disease control strategy. An ethanol extract of Serratia marcescens N4-5, when applied as a cucumber seed treatment, effectively suppressed damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum in potting mix and in a sandy loam soil. Plant stand associated with this treatment was similar to that of seed treated with the chemical pesticide Thiram in the sandy loam soil. The N4-5 ethanol extract did not consistently provide significant disease control in a loam soil. The N4-5 ethanol extract was compatible with two Trichoderma isolates, not affecting in vitro or in situ colonization of cucumber by these biological control fungi. Control of damping-off of cucumber was never diminished when this ethanol extract was applied as a seed treatment in combination with in-furrow application of the Trichoderma isolates, and disease control was improved in certain instances with these combinations in the loam soil. Data presented here indicate that the N4-5 ethanol extract is compatible with certain beneficial fungi, suggesting that this extract can be used as a component of integrated disease control strategies featuring biological control fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dilip K Lakshman
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory and Florist and Nursery Plants Research Unit
| | | | | | | | - Gary Bauchan
- Electron and Confocal Microscopy Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705
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