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Sun L, You J, Li D, Zhang Z, Qin X, Pang W, Li P, Han Q, Li Y, Huang Z, Zhang X, Gong M, Yang H. Variants of a putative baseplate wedge protein extend the host range of Pseudomonas phage K8. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:18. [PMID: 36721246 PMCID: PMC9887876 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Narrow host range is a major limitation for phage applications, but phages can evolve expanded host range through adaptations in the receptor-binding proteins. RESULTS Here, we report that Pseudomonas phage K8 can evolve broader host range and higher killing efficiency at the cost of virion stability. Phage K8 host range mutant K8-T239A carries a mutant version of the putative baseplate wedge protein GP075, termed GP075m. While phage K8 adsorbs to hosts via the O-specific antigen of bacterial LPS, phage K8-T239A uses GP075m to also bind the bacterial core oligosaccharide, enabling infection of bacterial strains resistant to K8 infection due to modified O-specific antigens. This mutation in GP075 also alters inter-protein interactions among phage proteins, and reduces the stability of phage particles to environmental stressors like heat, acidity, and alkalinity. We find that a variety of mutations in gp075 are widespread in K8 populations, and that the gp075-like genes are widely distributed among the domains of life. CONCLUSION Our data show that a typical life history tradeoff occurs between the stability and the host range in the evolution of phage K8. Reservoirs of viral gene variants may be widely present in phage communities, allowing phages to rapidly adapt to any emerging environmental stressors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jiajia You
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Donghang Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xuying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Wenjing Pang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Peize Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Qingzhu Han
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yueying Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhiwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | | | - Hongjiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Zhang Z, Liang L, Li D, Li Y, Sun Q, Li Y, Yang H. Bacillus subtilis phage phi18: genomic analysis and receptor identification. Arch Virol 2023; 168:17. [PMID: 36593367 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis strains play a pivotal role in the fermentation industry. B. subtilis phages can cause severe damage by infecting bacterial cells used in industrial fermentation processes. In this work, we isolated and characterized a Bacillus subtilis-infecting phage, termed phi18. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that phage phi18 particles have typical myovirus morphology, with an icosahedral head connected to a contractile tail. Genomic analysis revealed that the phage genome is a linear double-stranded DNA molecule of 147,298 bp with terminal redundancy of 14,434 bp, and 226 protein coding genes and four tRNA genes were predicted in the genome. Phage-resistant mutants were selected from a mariner transposon-insertion library of B. subtilis 168 in which two bacterial genes, tagE and pgcA, which are required for the glycosylation of wall teichoic acid (WTA), were found to be disrupted, suggesting that WTA is the receptor for phage phi18. Comparative genomic analysis showed that phage phi18 is a new member of the genus Okubovirus of the family Herelleviridae. Finally, general characteristics of the phage-resistant mutants, including biofilm formation, growth, and sporulation, were examined. The results showed that the phage-resistant mutants grew as rapidly as the parental strain B. subtilis 168 at 42 °C, suggesting that these phage-resistant mutants may be used as starters in fermentation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Li Liang
- Shandong Vland Biotech Co., Ltd, Shandong, 251700, China
| | - Donghang Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Qinghui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical Diseases, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, 571199, China
| | - Ye Li
- Institute of Environment and Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Hainan University, Hainan, 571199, China
| | - Hongjiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Rai P, Shetty SS, Prabell S, Kuntar A, Pinto D, Kumar BK, Divyashree M, Raj JRM, Premanath R, Deekshit VK, Karunasagar I, Karunasagar I. Characterisation of broad-spectrum phiKZ like jumbo phage and its utilisation in controlling multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. Microb Pathog 2022; 172:105767. [PMID: 36096457 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of highly virulent multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa has become increasingly evident among hospital-acquired infections and has raised the need for alternative therapies. Phage therapy can be one such alternative to antibiotic therapy to combat multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, but this requires the availability of phages with a broad host range. In this study, isolation and molecular characterisation of P. aeruginosa specific phages were carried out. A total of 17 phages isolated showed different spectra of activity and efficiency of lysis against 82 isolates of P. aeruginosa obtained from clinical samples (n = 13), hospital effluent (n = 46) and fish processing plant effluent (n = 23). Antibiotic susceptibility test results revealed multi-drug resistance in 61 of the total 82 isolates. Three new jumbo lytic P. aeruginosa specific broad host range phages were isolated and characterised in this present study belonged to the family Myoviridae (order Caudovirales). The genetic analysis of ɸU5 revealed that phage has a genome size of 282.6 kbp with 373 putative open reading frames (ORFs), and its genetic architecture is similar to phiKZ like jumbo phages infecting P. aeruginosa. The bacteriophages isolated in this study had lytic ability against biofilm-forming and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa and could be candidates for further studies towards phage therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Rai
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India.
| | - Shruthi Seetharam Shetty
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Sujana Prabell
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Akshatha Kuntar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepak Pinto
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Ballamoole Krishna Kumar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Mithoor Divyashree
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Juliet Roshini Mohan Raj
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramya Premanath
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijaya Kumar Deekshit
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Indrani Karunasagar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Division of Infectious Diseases, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Iddya Karunasagar
- Nitte (Deemed to be University), University Enclave, Medical Sciences Complex, Deralakatte, Mangaluru, 575018, India
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Tang C, Deng C, Zhang Y, Xiao C, Wang J, Rao X, Hu F, Lu S. Characterization and Genomic Analyses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Podovirus TC6: Establishment of Genus Pa11virus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2561. [PMID: 30410478 PMCID: PMC6209634 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phages have attracted a renewed interest as alternative to chemical antibiotics. Although the number of phages is 10-fold higher than that of bacteria, the number of genomically characterized phages is far less than that of bacteria. In this study, phage TC6, a novel lytic virus of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was isolated and characterized. TC6 consists of an icosahedral head with a diameter of approximately 54 nm and a short tail with a length of about 17 nm, which are characteristics of the family Podoviridae. TC6 can lyse 86 out of 233 clinically isolated P. aeruginosa strains, thus showing application potentials for phage therapy. The linear double-stranded genomic DNA of TC6 consisted of 49796 base pairs and was predicted to contain 71 protein-coding genes. A total of 11 TC6 structural proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. Comparative analysis revealed that the P. aeruginosa phages TC6, O4, PA11, and IME180 shared high similarity at DNA sequence and proteome levels, among which PA11 was the first phage discovered and published. Meanwhile, these phages contain 54 core genes and have very close phylogenetic relationships, which distinguish them from other known phage genera. We therefore proposed that these four phages can be classified as Pa11virus, comprising a new phage genus of Podoviridae that infects Pseudomonas spp. The results of this work promoted our understanding of phage biology, classification, and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofei Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuanjiang Deng
- Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuquan Hu
- Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuguang Lu
- Department of Microbiology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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5
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Zhang F, Huang K, Yang X, Sun L, You J, Pan X, Cui X, Yang H. Characterization of a novel lytic podovirus O4 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Arch Virol 2018; 163:2377-2383. [PMID: 29749589 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phage O4 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was previously visualized as a short-tailed virus using a transmission electron microscope. In this work, the O4 genome was characterized to be a linear dsDNA molecule comprising 50509 bp with 76 predicted genes located in five clusters. Mass spectrometry showed that the O4 virion contains 6 putative structural proteins, 2 putative enzymes, and 7 hypothetical proteins. By analyzing a Tn5G transposon mutation library, eight genes, wbpR, wbpV, wbpO, wbpT, wbpS, wbpL, galU, and wzy, were identified and confirmed responsible for the phage-resistant phenotype; all of them are related to the synthesis of O-specific antigen (OSA) of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), indicating that OSA is the receptor for the adsorption of phage O4. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the phage O4 genome shares little similarity to any known podovirus, indicating that phage O4 is classifiable as a novel member of the Podoviridae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenjiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Kechong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jiajia You
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xuewei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Hongjiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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6
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Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phage C11 and Identification of Host Genes Required for Virion Maturation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39130. [PMID: 28000703 PMCID: PMC5175280 DOI: 10.1038/srep39130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of phage-host interactions largely remained to be elucidated. In this work, Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage C11 was first characterized as a Myoviridae virus having a linear dsDNA molecule of 94109 bp with 1173 bp identical terminal direct repeats (TDR). Then the mutants resistant to phage C11 were screened in a Tn5G transposon mutant library of P. aeruginosa PAK, including two mutants with decreased adsorption rates (DAR) and five mutants with wild-type adsorption rates (WAR). When the WAR mutants were incubated with phage C11, their growth rates were significantly inhibited; the replication of the phage genomic DNA was detected in all the WAR mutants with the real-time quantitative PCR analysis; and the synthesized phage genomic DNA was processed into monomers for packaging evidenced by the southern blot analysis. Moreover, with strain PAK as indicator, small quantities of phage C11 were synthesized in the WAR mutants. Taken together, these data suggested the identified genes of the WAR mutants are necessary for efficient synthesis of the infectious phage particles. Finally, the WAR mutants were detected sensitive to two other Pseudomonas phages closely related with C11, further implying the evolved diversity and complexity of the phage-host interactions in both sides.
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Qin X, Sun Q, Yang B, Pan X, He Y, Yang H. Quorum sensing influences phage infection efficiency via affecting cell population and physiological state. J Basic Microbiol 2016; 57:162-170. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201600510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Qinghui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Baixue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Xuewei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Hongjiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology; College of Biotechnology; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
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Li L, Pan X, Cui X, Sun Q, Yang X, Yang H. Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage K5 genome and identification of its receptor related genes. J Basic Microbiol 2016; 56:1344-1353. [PMID: 27632947 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201600116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Phage genomic information and the nature of host-phage interactions are important for phage applications. In this study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage K5 is characterized as a linear double-stranded genomic DNA molecule of 93,754 bp with identical 1182-bp direct terminal repeats. Comparative genomic analysis reveals that phage K5 is highly homologous to the "PaP1-like" phages. Thirteen mutants resistant to phage K5 are screened in a transposon mutant library. The disrupted genetic loci are identified as gene Y880_RS05480 encoding a putative O-antigen polymerase Wzy and gene wapH encoding a glycosyltransferase. The mutants are confirmed by the complementation experiment. The production of biofilm and the profile of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are further analyzed in the Y880_RS05480 mutant. Our data indicate that LPS is the receptor of phage K5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuewei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qinghui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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Pan X, Cui X, Zhang F, He Y, Li L, Yang H. Genetic Evidence for O-Specific Antigen as Receptor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phage K8 and Its Genomic Analysis. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:252. [PMID: 26973628 PMCID: PMC4773840 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phage therapy requires the comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the host-phage interactions. In this work, to identify the genes related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage K8 receptor synthesis, 16 phage-resistant mutants were selected from a Tn5G transposon mutant library of strain PAK. The disrupted genetic loci were identified and they were related to O-specific antigen (OSA) synthesis, including gene wbpR, ssg, wbpV, wbpO, and Y880_RS05480, which encoded a putative O-antigen polymerase Wzy. The Lipopolysaccharide profile of the Y880_RS05480 mutant was analyzed and shown to lack the O-antigen. Therefore, the data from characterization of Y880_RS05480 by TMHMM and SDS-PAGE silver staining analysis suggest that this locus might encode Wzy. The complete phage K8 genome was characterized as 93879 bp in length and contained identical 1188-bp terminal direct repeats. Comparative genomic analysis showed that phage K8 was highly homologous to members of the genus PaP1-like phages. On the basis of our genetic findings, OSA of P. aeruginosa PAK is proven to be the receptor of phage K8. The highly conserved structural proteins among the genetic closely related phages suggest that they may recognize the same receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Cui
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
| | - Fenjiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
| | - Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
| | - Lingyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin, China
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10
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He Y, Yang H. The gastrointestinal phage communities of the cultivated freshwater fishes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2014; 362:fnu027. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnu027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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11
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Gutiérrez D, Martín-Platero AM, Rodríguez A, Martínez-Bueno M, García P, Martínez B. Typing of bacteriophages by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR to assess genetic diversity. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2011; 322:90-7. [PMID: 21692832 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2011.02342.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent boom in phage therapy and phage biocontrol requires the design of suitable cocktails of genetically different bacteriophages. The current methods for typing phages need significant quantities of purified DNA, may require a priori genetic information and are cost and time consuming. We have evaluated the randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR technique to produce unique and reproducible band patterns from 26 different bacteriophages infecting Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactococcus lactis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus casei bacterial strains. Initially, purified DNA and phage suspensions of seven selected phages were used as a template. The conditions that were found to be optimal 8 μM of 10-mer primers, 3 μM magnesium oxalacetate and 5% dimethyl sulfoxide. The RAPD genomic fingerprints using a phage titer suspension higher than 10(9) PFU mL(-1) were highly reproducible. Clustering by the Pearson correlation coefficient and the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages clustering algorithm correlated largely with genetically different phages infecting the same bacterial species, although closely related phages with a similar DNA restriction pattern were indistinguishable. The results support the use of RAPD-PCR for quick typing of phage isolates and preliminary assessment of their genetic diversity bypassing tedious DNA purification protocols and previous knowledge of their sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gutiérrez
- DairySafe Group, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
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