1
|
Hashemi M, Amiel A, Zouaoui M, Adam K, Clemente HS, Aguilar M, Pendaries R, Couzigou JM, Marti G, Gaulin E, Roy S, Rey T, Dumas B. The mycoparasite Pythium oligandrum induces legume pathogen resistance and shapes rhizosphere microbiota without impacting mutualistic interactions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1156733. [PMID: 37929182 PMCID: PMC10625430 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1156733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Pythium oligandrum is a soil-borne oomycete associated with rhizosphere and root tissues. Its ability to enhance plant growth, stimulate plant immunity and parasitize fungal and oomycete preys has led to the development of agricultural biocontrol products. Meanwhile, the effect of P. oligandrum on mutualistic interactions and more generally on root microbial communities has not been investigated. Here, we developed a biological system comprising P. oligandrum interacting with two legume plants, Medicago truncatula and Pisum sativum. P. oligandrum activity was investigated at the transcriptomics level through an RNAseq approach, metabolomics and finally metagenomics to investigate the impact of P. oligandrum on root microbiota. We found that P. oligandrum promotes plant growth in these two species and protects them against infection by the oomycete Aphanomyces euteiches, a devastating legume root pathogen. In addition, P. oligandrum up-regulated more than 1000 genes in M. truncatula roots including genes involved in plant defense and notably in the biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds and validated the enhanced production of M. truncatula phytoalexins, medicarpin and formononetin. Despite this activation of plant immunity, we found that root colonization by P. oligandrum did not impaired symbiotic interactions, promoting the formation of large and multilobed symbiotic nodules with Ensifer meliloti and did not negatively affect the formation of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. Finally, metagenomic analyses showed the oomycete modifies the composition of fungal and bacterial communities. Together, our results provide novel insights regarding the involvement of P. oligandrum in the functioning of plant root microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hashemi
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Aurélien Amiel
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- DE SANGOSSE, Pont-Du-Casse, France
| | - Mohamed Zouaoui
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Kévin Adam
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Hélène San Clemente
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Marielle Aguilar
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Rémi Pendaries
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- DE SANGOSSE, Pont-Du-Casse, France
| | - Jean-Malo Couzigou
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Guillaume Marti
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- Metatoul-AgromiX Platform, MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Gaulin
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| | - Sébastien Roy
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- AGRONUTRITION, Carbonne, France
| | - Thomas Rey
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
- DE SANGOSSE, Pont-Du-Casse, France
| | - Bernard Dumas
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III, Toulouse Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Auzeville-Tolosane, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Thomas P, Knox OGG, Powell JR, Sindel B, Winter G. The Hydroponic Rockwool Root Microbiome: Under Control or Underutilised? Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040835. [PMID: 37110258 PMCID: PMC10141029 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Land plants have an ancient and intimate relationship with microorganisms, which influences the composition of natural ecosystems and the performance of crops. Plants shape the microbiome around their roots by releasing organic nutrients into the soil. Hydroponic horticulture aims to protect crops from damaging soil-borne pathogens by replacing soil with an artificial growing medium, such as rockwool, an inert material made from molten rock spun into fibres. Microorganisms are generally considered a problem to be managed, to keep the glasshouse clean, but the hydroponic root microbiome assembles soon after planting and flourishes with the crop. Hence, microbe–plant interactions play out in an artificial environment that is quite unlike the soil in which they evolved. Plants in a near-ideal environment have little dependency on microbial partners, but our growing appreciation of the role of microbial communities is revealing opportunities to advance practices, especially in agriculture and human health. Hydroponic systems are especially well-suited to active management of the root microbiome because they allow complete control over the root zone environment; however, they receive much less attention than other host–microbiome interactions. Novel techniques for hydroponic horticulture can be identified by extending our understanding of the microbial ecology of this unique environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phil Thomas
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Oliver G. G. Knox
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Jeff R. Powell
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Brian Sindel
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Gal Winter
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Microbial Origin of Aquaponic Water Suppressiveness against Pythium aphanidermatum Lettuce Root Rot Disease. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111683. [PMID: 33138322 PMCID: PMC7694120 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaponic systems are an integrated way to produce fish and plants together with mutual benefits. Fish provide nutrients to plants on the one side, and plant nutrients uptake allow water reuse for fish on the other side. In this kind of system, the use of phytosanitary treatments to control plant pathogens is sensitive because of the risk of toxicity for fish present in the same water loop, especially coupled aquaponics. Among plant pathogens, Pythium aphanidermatum is a most problematic microorganism due to the Oomycete’s capacity to produce mobile form of dispersion (zoospores) in the recirculated water. Therefore, this study aimed at elucidating the potential antagonistic capacity of aquaponic water against P. aphanidermatum diseases. It was shown that aquaponic water presented an inhibitory effect on P. aphanidermatum mycelial growth in in vitro conditions. The same result was observed when lettuce plants growing in aquaponic water were inoculated by the same plant pathogen. Aquaponic lettuce was then compared to lettuce grown in hydroponic water or complemented aquaponic water (aquaponic water plus mineral nutrients). The disease was suppressed in the presence of aquaponic water, contrary to lettuce grown in hydroponic water or complemented aquaponic water. Root microbiota were analyzed by 16S rDNA and ITS Illumina sequencing to determine the cause of this aquaponic suppressive action. It was determined that the diversity and the composition of the root microbiota were significantly correlated with the suppressive effect of aquaponic water. Several taxa identified by metabarcoding were suspected to be involved in this effect. Moreover, few of these microorganisms, at the genus level, are known to have an antagonistic effect against P. aphanidermatum. These innovative results indicate that aquaponic water could be an interesting and novel source of antagonistic agents adapted to control P. aphanidermatum diseases in soilless culture.
Collapse
|
4
|
Renault D, Déniel F, Vallance J, Bruez E, Godon JJ, Rey P. Bacterial Shifts in Nutrient Solutions Flowing Through Biofilters Used in Tomato Soilless Culture. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 76:169-181. [PMID: 29177752 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In soilless culture, slow filtration is used to eliminate plant pathogenic microorganisms from nutrient solutions. The present study focused on the characterization and the potential functions of microbial communities colonizing the nutrient solutions recycled on slow filters during a whole cultivation season of 7 months in a tomato growing system. Bacterial microflora colonizing the solutions before and after they flew through the columns were studied. Two filters were amended with Pseudomonas putida (P-filter) or Bacillus cereus strains (B-filter), and a third filter was a control (C-filter). Biological activation of filter unit through bacterial amendment enhanced very significantly filter efficacy against plant potential pathogens Pythium spp. and Fusarium oxysporum. However, numerous bacteria (103-104 CFU/mL) were detected in the effluent solutions. The community-level physiological profiling indicated a temporal shift of bacterial microflora, and the metabolism of nutrient solutions originally oriented towards carbohydrates progressively shifted towards degradation of amino acids and carboxylic acids over the 7-month period of experiment. Single-strand conformation polymorphism fingerprinting profiles showed that a shift between bacterial communities colonizing influent and effluent solutions of slow filters occurred. In comparison with influent, 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that phylotype diversity was low in the effluent of P- and C-filters, but no reduction was observed in the effluent of the B-filter. Suppressive potential of solutions filtered on a natural filter (C-filter), where the proportion of Proteobacteria (α- and β-) increased, whereas the proportion of uncultured candidate phyla rose in P- and B-filters, is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Renault
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- INRA, UMR1065 SAVE, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Franck Déniel
- Université de Bretagne Occidentale, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29290, Plouzané, France
| | - Jessica Vallance
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- INRA, UMR1065 SAVE, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Emilie Bruez
- INRA, UMR1065 SAVE, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Godon
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de l'Environnement, INRA, Avenue des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France
| | - Patrice Rey
- Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), ISVV, Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
- INRA, UMR1065 SAVE, ISVV, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bruez E, Haidar R, Alou MT, Vallance J, Bertsch C, Mazet F, Fermaud M, Deschamps A, Guerin-Dubrana L, Compant S, Rey P. Bacteria in a wood fungal disease: characterization of bacterial communities in wood tissues of esca-foliar symptomatic and asymptomatic grapevines. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1137. [PMID: 26579076 PMCID: PMC4621878 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Esca is a grapevine trunk disease (GTD) associated with different pathogenic fungi inhabiting the woody tissues. Bacteria can also be found in such tissues and they may interact with these fungal colonizers. Although such types of microbial interactions have been observed for wood diseases in many trees, this has never been studied for grapevine. In this study, the bacterial microflora of different vine status (esca-symptomatic and asymptomatic), different anatomical part (trunk and cordon) and different type of tissues (necrotic or not) have been studied. Based on Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analyses, data showed that (i) specific complexes of bacterial microflora colonize the wood of both necrotic and non-necrotic tissues of esca-foliar symptomatic and asymptomatic vines, and also that (ii) depending on the anatomical part of the plant, cordon or trunk, differences could be observed between the bacterial communities. Such differences were also revealed through the community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) with Biolog Ecoplates(TM). Two hundred seventeen bacterial strains were also isolated from plant samples and then assigned to bacterial species based on the 16S rRNA genes. Although Bacillus sp. and Pantoea agglomerans were the two most commonly isolated species from all kinds of tissues, various other taxa were also isolated. Inoculation of vine cuttings with 14 different bacterial species, and one GTD fungus, Neofusicoccum parvum, showed no impact of these bacteria on the size of the wood necroses caused by N. parvum. This study showed, therefore, that bacterial communities differ according to the anatomical part (trunk or cordon) and/or the type of tissue (necrotic or non-necrotic) of wood of grapevine plants showing external symptoms of esca disease. However, research into bacteria having a role in GTD development needs further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Bruez
- Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Rana Haidar
- Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Maryam T Alou
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jessica Vallance
- Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Bertsch
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement EA-3991, Université de Haute-Alsace Colmar, France
| | - Flore Mazet
- Laboratoire Vigne Biotechnologie et Environnement EA-3991, Université de Haute-Alsace Colmar, France
| | - Marc Fermaud
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Alain Deschamps
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Lucia Guerin-Dubrana
- Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Stéphane Compant
- Bioresources Unit, Health and Environment Department, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Tulln, Austria
| | - Patrice Rey
- Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux, France ; UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro Gradignan, France ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble Villenave d'Ornon, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee S, Ge C, Bohrerova Z, Grewal PS, Lee J. Enhancing plant productivity while suppressing biofilm growth in a windowfarm system using beneficial bacteria and ultraviolet irradiation. Can J Microbiol 2015; 61:457-66. [PMID: 25996177 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2015-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Common problems in a windowfarm system (a vertical and indoor hydroponic system) are phytopathogen infections in plants and excessive buildup of biofilms. The objectives of this study were (i) to promote plant health by making plants more resistant to infection by using beneficial biosurfactant-producing Pseudomonas chlororaphis around the roots and (ii) to minimize biofilm buildup by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of the water reservoir, thereby extending the lifespan of the whole system with minimal maintenance. Pseudomonas chlororaphis-treated lettuce grew significantly better than nontreated lettuce, as indicated by enhancement of color, mass, length, and number of leaves per head (p < 0.05). The death rate of the lettuce was reduced by ∼ 50% when the lettuce was treated with P. chlororaphis. UV irradiation reduced the bacteria (4 log reduction) and algae (4 log reduction) in the water reservoirs and water tubing systems. Introduction of P. chlororaphis into the system promoted plant growth and reduced damage caused by the plant pathogen Pythium ultimum. UV irradiation of the water reservoir reduced algal and biofilm growth and extended the lifespan of the system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungjun Lee
- a Environmental Science and Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Chongtao Ge
- b Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Zuzana Bohrerova
- c Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Parwinder S Grewal
- d Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- a Environmental Science and Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- b Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- e College of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kamoun S, Furzer O, Jones JDG, Judelson HS, Ali GS, Dalio RJD, Roy SG, Schena L, Zambounis A, Panabières F, Cahill D, Ruocco M, Figueiredo A, Chen XR, Hulvey J, Stam R, Lamour K, Gijzen M, Tyler BM, Grünwald NJ, Mukhtar MS, Tomé DFA, Tör M, Van Den Ackerveken G, McDowell J, Daayf F, Fry WE, Lindqvist-Kreuze H, Meijer HJG, Petre B, Ristaino J, Yoshida K, Birch PRJ, Govers F. The Top 10 oomycete pathogens in molecular plant pathology. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2015; 16:413-34. [PMID: 25178392 PMCID: PMC6638381 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 462] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Oomycetes form a deep lineage of eukaryotic organisms that includes a large number of plant pathogens which threaten natural and managed ecosystems. We undertook a survey to query the community for their ranking of plant-pathogenic oomycete species based on scientific and economic importance. In total, we received 263 votes from 62 scientists in 15 countries for a total of 33 species. The Top 10 species and their ranking are: (1) Phytophthora infestans; (2, tied) Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis; (2, tied) Phytophthora ramorum; (4) Phytophthora sojae; (5) Phytophthora capsici; (6) Plasmopara viticola; (7) Phytophthora cinnamomi; (8, tied) Phytophthora parasitica; (8, tied) Pythium ultimum; and (10) Albugo candida. This article provides an introduction to these 10 taxa and a snapshot of current research. We hope that the list will serve as a benchmark for future trends in oomycete research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophien Kamoun
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gerbore J, Vallance J, Yacoub A, Delmotte F, Grizard D, Regnault-Roger C, Rey P. Characterization of Pythium oligandrum populations that colonize the rhizosphere of vines from the Bordeaux region. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 90:153-67. [PMID: 25041717 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on one oomycete, Pythium oligandrum, well-known for its plant protection abilities, which thrives in microbial environment where bacteria and fungal communities are also present. The genetic structures and dynamics of fungal and bacterial communities were studied in three Bordeaux subregions with various types of soil, using single-strand conformation polymorphism. The structure of the fungal communities colonizing the rhizosphere of vines planted in sandy-stony soils was markedly different from that those planted in silty and sandy soils; such differences were not observed for bacteria. In our 2-year experiment, the roots of all the vine samples were also colonized by echinulated oospore Pythium species, with P. oligandrum predominating. Cytochrome oxidase I and tubulin gene sequencings showed that P. oligandrum strains clustered into three groups. Based on elicitin-like genes coding for proteins able to induce plant resistance, six populations were identified. However, none of these groups was assigned to a particular subregion of Bordeaux vineyards, suggesting that these factors do not shape the genetic structure of P. oligandrum populations. Results showed that different types of rootstock and weeding management both influence root colonization by P. oligandrum. These results should prove particularly useful in improving the management of potentially plant-protective microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Gerbore
- INRA, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France; BIOVITIS, Saint Etienne de Chomeil, France; UMR CNRS 5254/IPREM-EEM, IBEAS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Martins G, Vallance J, Mercier A, Albertin W, Stamatopoulos P, Rey P, Lonvaud A, Masneuf-Pomarède I. Influence of the farming system on the epiphytic yeasts and yeast-like fungi colonizing grape berries during the ripening process. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 177:21-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
10
|
Gerbore J, Benhamou N, Vallance J, Le Floch G, Grizard D, Regnault-Roger C, Rey P. Biological control of plant pathogens: advantages and limitations seen through the case study of Pythium oligandrum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:4847-60. [PMID: 23695856 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1807-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The management of certain plant beneficial microorganisms [biological control agents (BCAs)] seems to be a promising and environmental friendly method to control plant pathogens. However, applications are still limited because of the lack of consistency of BCAs when they are applied in the field. In the present paper, the advantages and limitations of BCAs are seen through the example of Pythium oligandrum, an oomycete that has received much attention in the last decade. The biological control exerted by P. oligandrum is the result of a complex process, which includes direct effects through the control of pathogens and/or indirect effects mediated by P. oligandrum, i.e. induction of resistance and growth promotion. P. oligandrum antagonism is a multifaceted and target fungus-dependent process. Interestingly, it does not seem to disrupt microflora biodiversity on the roots. P. oligandrum has an atypical relationship with the plant because it rapidly penetrates into the root tissues but it cannot stay alive in planta. After root colonisation, because of the elicitation by P. oligandrum of the plant-defence system, plants are protected from a range of pathogens. The management of BCAs, here P. oligandrum, is discussed with regard to its interactions with the incredibly complex agrosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Gerbore
- INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Benhamou N, le Floch G, Vallance J, Gerbore J, Grizard D, Rey P. Pythium oligandrum: an example of opportunistic success. Microbiology (Reading) 2012; 158:2679-2694. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.061457-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Benhamou
- Centre de recherche en horticulture, Pavillon de l’ENVIROTRON, 2480 Boulevard Hochelga, Université Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Gaêtan le Floch
- Université Européenne de Bretagne/Université de Brest, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, ESMISAB, 29 820 Plouzané, France
| | - Jessica Vallance
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33140, Villenave d’Ornon, France et INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 SAVE, F-33140, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Jonathan Gerbore
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33140, Villenave d’Ornon, France et INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 SAVE, F-33140, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | - Patrice Rey
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, F-33140, Villenave d’Ornon, France et INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 SAVE, F-33140, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| |
Collapse
|