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Liu XH, Pang X, Jin L, Pu DY, Wang ZJ, Zhang YG. Exposure to acute waterborne cadmium caused severe damage on lipid metabolism of freshwater fish, revealed by nuclear lipid droplet deposition in hepatocytes of rare minnow. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 257:106433. [PMID: 36841070 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widely distributed aquatic toxic heavy metal with the potential to disrupt fish metabolism; however, more research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, rare minnows (Gobiocypris rarus) were used to detect the effects of cadmium on freshwater fish lipid metabolism and its underlying mechanism by histopathological observation, measurement of serum and liver biochemical indexes, and analysis of gene expression in terms of lipid oxidation, synthesis and transport. Here, severe damage, such as cytoplasmic lipid droplet (LD) accumulation, ectopic deposition of LDs, and the appearance of nuclear LDs (nLDs), was detected after exposure to 2.0 mg/L or higher concentrations (2.5 and 2.8 mg/L CdCl2) for 96 h. Other damage included abnormal increases in rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) lamellae in a fingerprint or concentric circle pattern and necrosis of hepatocytes, and which was observed in the livers of fish exposed to 2.0 mg/L CdCl2.. Both hepatic and serum lipids, such as triglycerides and total cholesterol, were significantly increased after exposure to 2.0 mg/L CdCl2, as was serum lipase (LPS). Hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase remained unchanged, in accordance with the unchanged hepatic mRNA transcripts of PPARɑ. Furthermore, the mRNA transcripts of both SCD and SQLE were significantly decreased. Moreover, hepatic and serum low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed significant changes, which were accompanied by a significant increase and decrease in hepatic APOAI and APOB100 mRNA levels, respectively. All the results indicate the presence of severe damage to hepatic lipid metabolism and that disrupted lipid transport may play a key role in the accumulation of hepatic LDs. In addition, the hepatic nLDs of nonmammalian vertebrates and their location across the nuclear envelope are intriguing, suggesting that large-size nLDs are a common marker for severe liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xu Pang
- College of Fisheries, Institute of Three Gorges Ecological Fisheries of Chongqing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - De-Yong Pu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yao-Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, Southwest University School of Life Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Jin Y, Tan Y, Zhao P, Ren Z. SEIPIN: A Key Factor for Nuclear Lipid Droplet Generation and Lipid Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218208. [PMID: 33147895 PMCID: PMC7663086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid homeostasis is essential for normal cell physiology. Generally, lipids are stored in a lipid droplet (LD), a ubiquitous organelle consisting of a neutral lipid core and a single layer of phospholipid membrane. It is thought that LDs are generated from the endoplasmic reticulum and then released into the cytosol. Recent studies indicate that LDs can exist in the nucleus, where they play an important role in the maintenance of cell phospholipid homeostasis. However, the details of nuclear lipid droplet (nLD) generation have not yet been clearly characterized. SEIPIN is a nonenzymatic protein encoded by the Berardinelli-Seip congenital lipodystrophy type 2 (BSCL2) gene. It is associated with lipodystrophy diseases. Many recent studies have indicated that SEIPIN is essential for LDs generation. Here, we review much of this research in an attempt to explain the role of SEIPIN in nLD generation. From an integrative perspective, we conclude by proposing a theoretical model to explain how SEIPIN might participate in maintaining homeostasis of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; (Y.J.); (Y.T.); (P.Z.)
- Bio-Medical Center of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yanjie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; (Y.J.); (Y.T.); (P.Z.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Pengxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; (Y.J.); (Y.T.); (P.Z.)
| | - Zhuqing Ren
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; (Y.J.); (Y.T.); (P.Z.)
- Bio-Medical Center of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
- Correspondence:
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Confirmation of sub-cellular resolution using oversampling imaging mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7935-7941. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Alvite G, Garrido N, Kun A, Paulino M, Esteves A. Towards an understanding of Mesocestoides vogae fatty acid binding proteins' roles. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111204. [PMID: 25347286 PMCID: PMC4210247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Two fatty acid binding proteins, MvFABPa and MvFABPb were identified in the parasite Mesocestoides vogae (Platyhelmithes, Cestoda). Fatty acid binding proteins are small intracellular proteins whose members exhibit great diversity. Proteins of this family have been identified in many organisms, of which Platyhelminthes are among the most primitive. These proteins have particular relevance in flatworms since de novo synthesis of fatty acids is absent. Fatty acids should be captured from the media needing an efficient transport system to uptake and distribute these molecules. While HLBPs could be involved in the shuttle of fatty acids to the surrounding host tissues and convey them into the parasite, FABPs could be responsible for the intracellular trafficking. In an effort to understand the role of MvFABPs in fatty acid transport of M. vogae larvae, we analysed the intracellular localization of both MvFABPs and the co-localization with in vivo uptake of fatty acid analogue BODIPY FL C16. Immunohistochemical studies on larvae sections using specific antibodies, showed a diffuse cytoplasmic distribution of each protein with some expression in nuclei and mitochondria. MvFABPs distribution was confirmed by mass spectrometry identification from 2D-electrophoresis of larvae subcellular fractions. This work is the first report showing intracellular distribution of MvFABPs as well as the co-localization of these proteins with the BODIPY FL C16 incorporated from the media. Our results suggest that fatty acid binding proteins could target fatty acids to cellular compartments including nuclei. In this sense, M. vogae FABPs could participate in several cellular processes fulfilling most of the functions attributed to vertebrate's counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Alvite
- Sección Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Garrido
- Sección Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alejandra Kun
- Sección Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Margot Paulino
- Centro de Bioinformática Estructural-DETEMA, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Adriana Esteves
- Sección Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Gaveglio VL, Pasquaré SJ, Giusto NM. Metabolic pathways for the degradation of phosphatidic acid in isolated nuclei from cerebellar cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2011; 507:271-80. [PMID: 21216221 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present research was to analyse the pathways for phosphatidic acid metabolism in purified nuclei from cerebellar cells. Lipid phosphate phosphatase and diacylglyceride lipase activities were detected in nuclei from cerebellar cells. It was observed that DAGL activity makes up 50% of LPP activity and that PtdOH can also be metabolised to lysophosphatidic acid. With a nuclear protein content of approximately 40 μg, the production of diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol was linear for 30 min and 5 min, respectively, whereas it increased with PtdOH concentrations of up to 250 μM. LysoPtdOH, sphingosine 1-phosphate and ceramide 1-phosphate, which are alternative substrates for LPP, significantly reduced DAG production from PA. DAG and MAG production increased in the presence of Triton X-100 (1 mM) whereas no modifications were observed in the presence of ionic detergent sodium deoxycholate. Ca²+ and Mg²+ stimulated MAG production without affecting DAG formation whereas fluoride and vanadate inhibited the generation of both products. Specific PtdOH-phospholipase A1 and PtdOH-phospholipase A2 were also detected in nuclei. Our findings constitute the first reported evidence of active PtdOH metabolism involving LPP, DAGL and PtdOH-selective PLA activities in purified nuclei prepared from cerebellar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia L Gaveglio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Universidad Nacional del Sur and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C.C. 857, B8000FWB Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Maté SM, Layerenza JP, Ves-Losada A. Arachidonic acid pools of rat kidney cell nuclei. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 345:259-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Boivin B, Vaniotis G, Allen BG, Hébert TE. G protein-coupled receptors in and on the cell nucleus: a new signaling paradigm? J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2008; 28:15-28. [PMID: 18437627 DOI: 10.1080/10799890801941889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Signaling from internalizing and endosomal receptors has almost become a classic GPCR paradigm in the last several years. However, it has become clear in recent years that GPCRs also elicit signals when resident at other subcellular sites including the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and the nucleus. In this review we discuss the nature, function, and trafficking of nuclear GPCR signaling complexes, as well as potential sources of endogenous and exogenous ligands. Finally, we pose a series of questions that will need to be answered in the coming years to confirm and extend this as a new paradigm for GPCR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Boivin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
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Maté SM, Layerenza JP, Ves-Losada A. Incorporation of arachidonic and stearic acids bound to L-FABP into nuclear and endonuclear lipids from rat liver cells. Lipids 2007; 42:589-602. [PMID: 17551764 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-007-3063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2007] [Accepted: 04/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of exogenous fatty acids bound to L-FABP into nuclei was studied. Rat liver cell nuclei and nuclear matrices (membrane depleted nuclei) were incubated in vitro with [1-(14)C]18:0 and 20:4n-6 either free or bound to L-FABP, ATP and CoA. FA esterification in whole nuclei and endonuclear lipids was ATP-CoA-dependent, and with specificity regarding fatty acid type and lipid class. 18:0 and 20:4n-6, free or L-FABP bound, showed the same incorporation and esterification pattern in lipids of whole nuclei. Only 20:4n-6 L-FABP bound was less incorporated into TAG with respect to free 20:4n-6. In the nuclear matrix, 18:0 free or L-FABP bound was esterified with a higher specific activity (SA) into: PtdEtn > PtdIns, PtdSer > PtdCho. 20:4n-6 free or L-FABP bound was esterified into: PtdIns > PtdEtn > PtdCho. 20:4n-6:L-FABP was esterified in endonuclear total-PL and PtdIns with a greater SA with respect to free 20:4n-6 and with a minor one as FFA. To summarize, trafficking of FA to nuclei includes esterification of 18:0 and 20:4n-6 either free or L-FABP-bound, into nuclear and endonuclear lipids by an ATP-CoA-dependent pathway. Endonuclear fatty acid esterification was more active than that in whole nuclei, and independent of the nuclear membrane. Esterification patterns of fatty acids L-FABP-bound or free into whole nuclear lipids were the same whereas in the nuclear matrix, L-FABP could play an important role in the mobilization of 20:4n-6 into specific sites of utilization such as the PtdIns pools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina M Maté
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP), CONICET-UNLP, 60 y 120, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
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