1
|
Pizzato SB, Terraciano PB, Zanon P, Kuhl CP, Alves Garcez TN, Passos EP, Tirloni L, Berger M. Estrogen depletion modulates aortic prothrombotic signaling in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive female rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 561:111827. [PMID: 36494014 PMCID: PMC9812894 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM In this study, we investigated how platelets and aorta contribute to the creation and maintenance of a prothrombotic state in an experimental model of postmenopausal hypertension in ovariectomized rats. METHODS Bilateral ovariectomy was performed in both 14-week-old female spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. The animals were kept in phytoestrogen free diet. Vascular parameters, platelet, coagulation and aortic prothrombotic functions and mechanisms were assessed. RESULTS Exacerbated platelet aggregation was observed in both SHR and WKY animals after ovariectomy. The mechanism was related to aortic COX2 downregulation and reduction in AMP, ADP, and ATP hydrolysis in serum and platelets. A procoagulant potential was observed in plasma from ovariectomized rats and this was confirmed by kallikrein and factor Xa generation in aortic rings. Aortic rings derived from ovariectomized SHR presented a greater thrombin generation capacity compared to equivalent rings from WKY animals. The mechanism involved tissue factor and PAR-1 upregulation as well as an increase in extrinsic coagulation and fibrinolysis markers in aorta and platelets. Aortic smooth muscle cells pre-treated with a plasma pool derived from estrogen-depleted animals developed a procoagulant profile with tissue factor upregulation. This procoagulant profile was dependent on inflammatory signalling, since NFκB inhibition attenuated the procoagulant activity and tissue factor expression. CONCLUSIONS A prothrombotic phenotype was observed in both WKY and SHR ovariectomized rats being associated with platelet hyperreactivity and tissue factor upregulation in aorta and platelets. The mechanism involves proinflammatory signalling that supports greater thrombin generation in aorta and vascular smooth muscle cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Beal Pizzato
- Grupo de Reprodução e Farmacologia Celular, Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Barros Terraciano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Grupo de Reprodução e Farmacologia Celular, Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pamela Zanon
- Grupo de Reprodução e Farmacologia Celular, Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Palma Kuhl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Grupo de Reprodução e Farmacologia Celular, Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tuane Nerissa Alves Garcez
- Grupo de Reprodução e Farmacologia Celular, Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Unidade de Experimentação Animal, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pandolfi Passos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Grupo de Reprodução e Farmacologia Celular, Laboratório de Embriologia e Diferenciação Celular, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Tirloni
- Tick-Pathogen Transmission Unit, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Markus Berger
- Grupo de Reprodução e Farmacologia Celular, Laboratório de Bioquímica Farmacológica, Centro de Pesquisa Experimental (CPE), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências de Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia (PPGGO), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Tick-Pathogen Transmission Unit, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheng L, Maboh RN, Wang H, Mao GW, Wu XY, Chen H. Naoxintong Capsule Activates the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway and Suppresses the p38α Signaling Pathway Via Estrogen Receptors to Ameliorate Heart Remodeling in Female Mice With Postmenopausal Hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 80:158-170. [PMID: 35500215 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Limited treatments are available for alleviating heart remodeling in postmenopausal hypertension. The cardioprotective effect of naoxintong (NXT) has been widely accepted. This study aimed to explore the effects of NXT on pathological heart remodeling in a postmenopausal hypertension mouse model in vivo and H9c2 cardiomyocytes in vitro. In vivo, ovariectomy combined with chronic angiotensin II infusion was used to establish the postmenopausal hypertension animal model. NXT significantly ameliorated cardiac remodeling as indicated by a reduced ratio of heart weight/body weight and left ventricle weight/body weight, left ventricular wall thickness, diameter of cardiomyocytes, and collagen deposition in the heart. NXT also significantly increased the expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) and downregulated the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (Nox2). In vitro, NXT treatment greatly suppressed angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and excessive oxidative stress as proven by reducing the diameter of H9c2 cardiomyocytes, expression of hypertrophy and fibrosis markers, intracellular reactive oxygen species, and oxidative enzymes. Mechanistically, NXT significantly upregulated the expression of ERs, which activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and inhibited the phosphorylation of the p38α pathway. Collectively, the results indicated that NXT administration might attenuate cardiac remodeling through upregulating the expression of ERs, which activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, inhibited the phosphorylation of the p38α signaling pathway, and reduced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Cheng
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China ; and
| | - Rene Nfornah Maboh
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China ; and
| | - Huan Wang
- Hypertension Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Institute, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gao-Wei Mao
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China ; and
| | - Xiao-Ying Wu
- Hypertension Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Institute, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China ; and.,Hypertension Laboratory, Fujian Provincial Cardiovascular Disease Institute, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
da Silva Dias D, Moraes-Silva IC, Bernardes N, de Oliveira Brito-Monzani J, Stoyell-Conti FF, Machi JF, Llesuy S, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K. Exercise training initiated at old stage of lifespan attenuates aging-and ovariectomy-induced cardiac and renal oxidative stress: Role of baroreflex. Exp Gerontol 2019; 124:110635. [PMID: 31195102 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of aging and menopause is a potent risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. We studied the impact of aerobic exercise training (ET) initiated in the old stage of lifespan in hemodynamics, metabolic, autonomic and oxidative stress. METHODS Aged (18 months old) female Wistar rats were divided into: ovariectomized and untrained (AG-OVX), and ovariectomized and trained (AG-OVXt, ET for 8 weeks). Intact aged (AG) and young female rats (3 months old; Y) were also studied. Blood pressure and metabolic parameters were measured. Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) was studied by bradycardic (BR) and tachycardic (TR) responses to vasoactive drugs. Cardiac and renal lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and gluthatione peroxidase (GPx), and gluthatione redox balance (GSH/GSSG) were analyzed. RESULTS AG-OVXt group increased aerobic performance in 35%, decreased adipose tissue and triglycerides in 36% and 27%, respectively, and improved insulin tolerance in 50% in comparison to AG-OVX. AG-OVX presented hypertensive levels of blood pressure (systolic: 155 ± 5, diastolic: 111 ± 3 mmHg). In contrast, AG-OVXt presented blood pressure values similar to Y rats (systolic: 129 ± 3, diastolic: 112 ± 3 mmHg). TR and BR were reduced by 70% and 46%, respectively, in AG-OVX vs. Y. Once more, AG-OVXt presented similar results to Y. ET decreased LPO in the heart and kidney. In the latter, renal CAT and SOD were corrected by ET, while cardiac redox balance was partially recovered. Improved BRS was correlated with improved oxidative stress markers. CONCLUSIONS Even when initiated after aging and ovariectomy deleterious effects, ET is able to normalize BRS and highly improve cardiac and renal oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle da Silva Dias
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivana C Moraes-Silva
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Bernardes
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janaina de Oliveira Brito-Monzani
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil; Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Filipe Fernandes Stoyell-Conti
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil; College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Florida, USA
| | - Jacqueline Freire Machi
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Susana Llesuy
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria-Claudia Irigoyen
- Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kátia De Angelis
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Steagall RJ, Yao F, Shaikh SR, Abdel-Rahman AA. Estrogen receptor α activation enhances its cell surface localization and improves myocardial redox status in ovariectomized rats. Life Sci 2017; 182:41-49. [PMID: 28599865 PMCID: PMC5535783 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Little is known about the role of subcellular trafficking of estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes in the acute estrogen (E2)-mediated alleviation of oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that ERα migration to the cardiac myocyte membrane mediates the acute E2-dependent improvement of cellular redox status. MAIN METHODS Myocardial distribution of subcellular ERα, ERβ and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) was determined in proestrus sham-operated (SO) and in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, acutely treated with E2 (1μg/kg) or a selective ERα (PPT), ERβ (DPN) or GPER (G1) agonist (10μg/kg), by immunofluorescence and Western blot. We measured ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities to evaluate myocardial antioxidant/redox status. KEY FINDINGS Compared with SO, OVX rats exhibited higher myocardial ROS and MDA levels, reduced catalase and SOD activities, along with diminished ERα, and enhanced ERβ and GPER, localization at cardiomyocyte membrane. Acute E2 or an ERα (PPT), but not ERβ (DPN) or GPER (G1), agonist reversed these responses in OVX rats and resulted in higher ERα/ERβ and ERα/GPER ratios at the cardiomyocytes membrane. PPT or DPN enhanced myocardial Akt phosphorylation. We present the first evidence that preferential aggregation of ERα at the cardiomyocytes plasma membrane is ERα-dependent, and underlies E2-mediated reduction in oxidative stress, at least partly, via the enhancements of myocardial catalase and SOD activities in OVX rats. SIGNIFICANCE The findings highlight ERα agonists as potential therapeutics for restoring the myocardial redox status following E2 depletion in postmenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Steagall
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Fanrong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, East Carolina Diabetes & Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Abdel A Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Özdemir Kumral ZN, Kolgazi M, Üstünova S, Kasımay Çakır Ö, Çevik ÖD, Şener G, Yeğen BÇ. Estrogen receptor agonists alleviate cardiac and renal oxidative injury in rats with renovascular hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2016; 38:500-9. [DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2015.1116550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Meltem Kolgazi
- Acibadem University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Savaş Üstünova
- Bezmialem Vakıf University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgür Kasımay Çakır
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özge Dağdeviren Çevik
- Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Göksel Şener
- Marmara University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Ç. Yeğen
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
da Palma RK, Moraes-Silva IC, da Silva Dias D, Shimojo GL, Conti FF, Bernardes N, Barboza CA, Sanches IC, da Rosa Araújo AS, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K. Resistance or aerobic training decreases blood pressure and improves cardiovascular autonomic control and oxidative stress in hypertensive menopausal rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 121:1032-1038. [PMID: 27339182 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00130.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether resistance training (RT) vs. aerobic training (AT) differentially impacts on arterial pressure and related mechanisms in ovariectomized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Female SHRs were ovariectomized and assigned to one of the following groups: sedentary, AT, or RT; sham sedentary SHR were used as control group. AT was performed on a treadmill, whereas RT was performed on a vertical ladder. Both exercise protocols were performed for 8 wk, 5 days/wk. Arterial pressure, baroreflex sensitivity, autonomic modulation, and cardiac oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, redox balance, NADPH oxidase, and antioxidant enzymes activities) were analyzed. Ovariectomy increased mean arterial pressure (∼9 mmHg), sympathetic modulation (∼40%), and oxidative stress in sedentary rats. Both RT and AT reduced mean arterial pressure (∼20 and ∼8 mmHg, respectively) and improved baroreflex sensitivity compared with sedentary ovariectomized rats. However, RT-induced arterial pressure decrease was significantly less pronounced than AT. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were decreased while antioxidant enzymes were increased in both trained groups vs. sedentaries. The reduced gluthatione was higher after AT vs. other groups, whereas oxidized gluthatione was lower after RT vs. AT. Moreover, sympathetic and parasympathetic modulations were highly correlated with cardiac oxidative stress parameters. In conclusion, both RT and AT can decrease arterial pressure in a model of hypertension and menopause; although, at different magnitudes this decrease was related to attenuated autonomic dysfunction in association with cardiac oxidative stress improvement in both exercise protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata K da Palma
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Guilherme L Shimojo
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe F Conti
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Bernardes
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Catarina A Barboza
- Heart Institute, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Iris C Sanches
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kátia De Angelis
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tang Z, Wang Y, Zhu X, Ni X, Lu J. Exercise Increases Cystathionine- γ-lyase Expression and Decreases the Status of Oxidative Stress in Myocardium of Ovariectomized Rats. Int Heart J 2016; 57:96-103. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.15-099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Tang
- School of Kinesiology, Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport
| | - Yujun Wang
- School of Kinesiology, Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University
| | - Jianqiang Lu
- School of Kinesiology, Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Moghimi E, Solomon JA, Gianforcaro A, Hamadeh MJ. Dietary Vitamin D3 Restriction Exacerbates Disease Pathophysiology in the Spinal Cord of the G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126355. [PMID: 26020962 PMCID: PMC4447353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary vitamin D3 (D3) restriction reduces paw grip endurance and motor performance in G93A mice, and increases inflammation and apoptosis in the quadríceps of females. ALS, a neuromuscular disease, causes progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Objective We analyzed the spinal cords of G93A mice following dietary D3 restriction at 2.5% the adequate intake (AI) for oxidative damage (4-HNE, 3-NY), antioxidant enzymes (SOD2, catalase, GPx1), inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10), apoptosis (bax/bcl-2 ratio, cleaved/pro-caspase 3 ratio), neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neuron count (ChAT, SMI-36/SMI-32 ratio). Methods Beginning at age 25 d, 42 G93A mice were provided food ad libitum with either adequate (AI;1 IU D3/g feed; 12 M, 11 F) or deficient (DEF; 0.025 IU D3/g feed; 10 M, 9 F) D3. At age 113 d, the spinal cords were analyzed for protein content. Differences were considered significant at P ≤ 0.10, since this was a pilot study. Results DEF mice had 16% higher 4-HNE (P = 0.056), 12% higher GPx1 (P = 0.057) and 23% higher Bax/Bcl2 ratio (P = 0.076) vs. AI. DEF females had 29% higher GPx1 (P = 0.001) and 22% higher IL-6 (P = 0.077) vs. AI females. DEF males had 23% higher 4-HNE (P = 0.066) and 18% lower SOD2 (P = 0.034) vs. AI males. DEF males had 27% lower SOD2 (P = 0.004), 17% lower GPx1 (P = 0.070), 29% lower IL-6 (P = 0.023) and 22% lower ChAT (P = 0.082) vs. DEF females. Conclusion D3 deficiency exacerbates disease pathophysiology in the spinal cord of G93A mice, the exact mechanisms are sex-specific. This is in accord with our previous results in the quadriceps, as well as functional and disease outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Moghimi
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jesse A. Solomon
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandro Gianforcaro
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mazen J. Hamadeh
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Conti FF, Brito JDO, Bernardes N, Dias DDS, Sanches IC, Malfitano C, Llesuy SF, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by fructose overload in an experimental model of hypertension and menopause. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2014; 14:185. [PMID: 25495455 PMCID: PMC4279597 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the association of 3 or more risk factors, including: abdominal obesity associated with an excess of abdominal fat, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension. Moreover, the prevalence of hypertension and metabolic dysfunctions sharply increases after the menopause. However, the mechanisms involved in these changes are not well understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of fructose overload on cardiovascular autonomic modulation, inflammation and cardiac oxidative stress in an experimental model of hypertension and menopause. Methods Female SHR rats were divided into (n = 8/group): hypertensive (H), hypertensive ovariectomized (HO) and hypertensive ovariectomized undergoing fructose overload (100 g/L in drinking water) (FHO). Arterial pressure (AP) signals were directly recorded. Cardiac autonomic modulation was evaluated by spectral analysis. Oxidative stress was evaluated in cardiac tissue. Results AP was higher in the FHO group when compared to the other groups. Fructose overload promoted an increase in body and fat weight, triglyceride concentration and a reduction in insulin sensitivity. IL-10 was reduced in the FHO group when compared to the H group. TNF-α was higher in the FHO when compared to all other groups. Lipoperoxidation was higher and glutathione redox balance was reduced in the FHO group when compared to other groups, an indication of increased oxidative stress. A negative correlation was found between IL-10 and adipose tissue. Conclusion Fructose overload promoted an impairment in cardiac autonomic modulation associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in hypertensive rats undergoing ovarian hormone deprivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kátia De Angelis
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nazıroğlu M, Güler M, Özgül C, Saydam G, Küçükayaz M, Sözbir E. Apple cider vinegar modulates serum lipid profile, erythrocyte, kidney, and liver membrane oxidative stress in ovariectomized mice fed high cholesterol. J Membr Biol 2014; 247:667-73. [PMID: 24894721 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-014-9685-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potentially beneficial effects of apple cider vinegar (ACV) supplementation on serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, liver and kidney membrane lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant levels in ovariectomized (OVX) mice fed high cholesterol. Four groups of ten female mice were treated as follows: Group I received no treatment and was used as control. Group II was OVX mice. Group III received ACV intragastrically (0.6% of feed), and group IV was OVX and was treated with ACV as described for group III. The treatment was continued for 28 days, during which the mice were fed a high-cholesterol diet. The lipid peroxidation levels in erythrocyte, liver and kidney, triglycerides, total, and VLDL cholesterol levels in serum were higher in the OVX group than in groups III and IV. The levels of vitamin E in liver, the kidney and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and erythrocyte-reduced glutathione (GSH) were decreased in group II. The GSH-Px, vitamin C, E, and β-carotene, and the erythrocyte GSH and GSH-Px values were higher in kidney of groups III and IV, but in liver the vitamin E and β-carotene concentrations were decreased. In conclusion, ACV induced a protective effect against erythrocyte, kidney, and liver oxidative injury, and lowered the serum lipid levels in mice fed high cholesterol, suggesting that it possesses oxidative stress scavenging effects, inhibits lipid peroxidation, and increases the levels of antioxidant enzymes and vitamin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Nazıroğlu
- Department of Biophysics, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Duarte FCK, Kolberg C, Barros RR, Silva VGA, Gehlen G, Vassoler JM, Partata WA. Evaluation of peak force of a manually operated chiropractic adjusting instrument with an adapter for use in animals. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2014; 37:236-41. [PMID: 24793371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to assess the peak force of a manually operated chiropractic adjusting instrument, the Activator Adjusting Instrument 4 (AAI 4), with an adapter for use in animals, which has a 3- to 4-fold smaller contact surface area than the original rubber tip. METHODS Peak force was determined by thrusting the AAI 4 with the adapter or the original rubber tip onto a load cell. First, the AAI 4 was applied perpendicularly by a doctor of chiropractic onto the load cell. Then, the AAI 4 was fixed in a rigid framework and applied to the load cell. This procedure was done to prevent any load on the load cell before the thrust impulse. In 2 situations, trials were performed with the AAI 4 at all force settings (settings I, II, III, and IV, minimum to maximum, respectively). A total of 50000 samples per second over a period of 3 seconds were collected. RESULTS In 2 experimental protocols, the use of the adapter in the AAI 4 increased the peak force only with setting I. The new value was around 80% of the maximum value found for the AAI 4. Nevertheless, the peak force values of the AAI 4 with the adapter and with the original rubber tip in setting IV were similar. CONCLUSION The adapter effectively determines the maximum peak force value at force setting I of AAI 4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Coutinho Kullmann Duarte
- Academic Researcher, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Kolberg
- Academic Researcher, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R Barros
- Technician, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Günter Gehlen
- Professor, Chiropractic Graduation Program from Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil
| | - Jakson M Vassoler
- Professor and Academic Researcher, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Wania A Partata
- Professor and Academic Researcher, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
El-Mas MM, Abdel-Rahman AA. Nongenomic effects of estrogen mediate the dose-related myocardial oxidative stress and dysfunction caused by acute ethanol in female rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 306:E740-7. [PMID: 24368668 PMCID: PMC3962612 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00465.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute ethanol lowers blood pressure (BP) and cardiac output in proestrus and after chronic estrogen (E2) replacement in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats. However, whether rapid nongenomic effects of estrogen mediate these hemodynamic effects of ethanol remains unanswered. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effect of ethanol (0.5 or 1.5 g/kg iv) on left ventricular (LV) function and oxidative markers in OVX rats pretreated 30 min earlier with 1 μg/kg E2 (OVXE2) or vehicle (OVX) and in proestrus sham-operated (SO) rats. In SO rats, ethanol caused significant and dose-related reductions in BP, rate of rise in LV pressure (LV dP/dtmax), and LV developed pressure (LVDP). These effects of ethanol disappeared in OVX rats and were restored in OVXE2 rats, suggesting rapid estrogen receptor signaling mediates the detrimental effects of ethanol on LV function. Ex vivo studies revealed that the estrogen-dependent myocardial dysfunction caused by ethanol was coupled with higher LV 1) generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 2) expression of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts, 3) phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2), and 4) catalase activity. ERK1/2 inhibition by PD-98059 (1 mg/kg iv) abrogated the myocardial dysfunction, hypotension, and the elevation in myocardial ROS generation caused by ethanol. We conclude that rapid estrogen receptor signaling is implicated in cellular events that lead to the generation of aldehyde protein adducts and Akt/ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which ultimately mediate the estrogen-dependent LV oxidative stress and dysfunction caused by ethanol in female rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M El-Mas
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | | |
Collapse
|