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Ostendorp W, Hofmann H, Armbruster JP. Wrack line formation and composition on shores of a large Alpine lake: The role of littoral topography and wave exposure. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294752. [PMID: 38033046 PMCID: PMC10688906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wrack lines are a key formation along shorelines that provide organic matter and bring ecological diversity to the local environment. Although wrack line formation has been extensively studied along marine beaches and estuaries, in contrast, knowledge about the environmental variables that promote wrack line formation within inland lakes is widely lacking. In one of the first studies to focus on wrack line formation on lakesides, we analysed the dimensions, volume, elevation and particulate composition of 36 wrack lines across 20 shore sections of a large, oligotrophic Alpine lake with natural water level fluctuations (Lake Constance-Obersee). Using multivariate partial least squares (PLS) regression, we identified the key environmental variables that drive wrack accumulation in lakeside areas. Our results demonstrate that wrack line volume increased with (1) the width of the eulittoral zone as an indicator of the swash conditions (up-rush vs. down-wash), (2) high exposure to wind waves as indicated by the total effective fetch, (3) high exposure to ship waves (catamaran ferry), and (4) the width of the sublittoral zone as an indicator of the availability of source material (Chara spp.) and of the wave energy dissipation rate of the incoming deep water waves. Sediment texture played only a minor role. Wide eulittoral zones and high ship wave exposure favoured high proportions of lake-borne components (Chara remains, mollusc shells), while the reverse was true for land-based components. Anthropogenic wastes were only present in small proportions. We discuss four main factor groups influencing the amount of wrack in marine beaches and on lakeshores considering similarities (waves, breakers, swash, dissipation, relief) and differences (tides vs. annual water level fluctuations) of the two systems, and point out research gaps. We demonstrate that wrack line formation is also important in large inland lakes and can be analysed using basic ideas from relevant marine studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Ostendorp
- Environmental Physics Group, Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Hilmar Hofmann
- Staff Unit Sustainability, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jens Peter Armbruster
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Nature Conservation (ILN) Südwest, Kirchheim u. T., Germany
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2
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Li Y, Gundersen H, Poulsen RN, Xie L, Ge Z, Hancke K. Quantifying seaweed and seagrass beach deposits using high-resolution UAV imagery. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117171. [PMID: 36623360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Macroalgae and seagrass wash ashore by tidal waters and episodic events and create an ocean-to-land transport of carbon and nutrients. On land, these deposits (beach wrack) are consumed by macrofauna, remineralized by microorganisms, or washed back to the sea, during which recycling of carbon and nitrogen affect the biochemical cycles in coastal zones. Manual quantification of beach wracks is time-consuming and often difficult due to complex topography and remote locations. Here, we present a novel method using Unoccupied Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry combined with in situ measurements of carbon and nitrogen contents of wrack to quantify marine carbon and nutrient deposits in beach zones. The UAV method was tested against placed cubes ranging from 125 to 88,218 cm3 and demonstrated a high accuracy (R2 > 0.99) for volume acquisition when compared to manual measurements. Also, the UAV-based assessments of the cross-sectional area of beach deposits demonstrated a high accuracy when compared to manual and high-precision GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) measurements without significant differences between the methods. This demonstrated that UAVs can provide detailed spatial maps, three-dimensional (3D) surface models, and accurate volumetric assessments of beach wrack deposits. In three case studies, combined with carbon and nitrogen measures, total organic carbon and nitrogen deposits in beach wracks were quantified ranging from 4.3 to 9.7 and from 0.3 to 0.5 kg per meter coastline, respectively. In conclusion, this UAV method demonstrated an effective tool to quantify ecosystem carbon and nitrogen deposits relevant to ecosystem assessments and quantification of blue carbon stocks. The method is optimal when the terrain below beach wrack deposits is known, as in the case with before-and-after or repeated surveys. Further, UAVs display strong time- and cost-effective advantages over manual methods which is amplified with increasing project scale. We propose it as a valuable method for multiple scientific and commercial applications related to environmental monitoring and management, including marine resource exploration and exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalei Li
- Section for Marine Biology, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hege Gundersen
- Section for Marine Biology, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Lina Xie
- Section for Marine Biology, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhenming Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kasper Hancke
- Section for Marine Biology, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.
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3
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Hyndes GA, Berdan EL, Duarte C, Dugan JE, Emery KA, Hambäck PA, Henderson CJ, Hubbard DM, Lastra M, Mateo MA, Olds A, Schlacher TA. The role of inputs of marine wrack and carrion in sandy-beach ecosystems: a global review. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:2127-2161. [PMID: 35950352 PMCID: PMC9804821 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sandy beaches are iconic interfaces that functionally link the ocean with the land via the flow of organic matter from the sea. These cross-ecosystem fluxes often comprise uprooted seagrass and dislodged macroalgae that can form substantial accumulations of detritus, termed 'wrack', on sandy beaches. In addition, the tissue of the carcasses of marine animals that regularly wash up on beaches form a rich food source ('carrion') for a diversity of scavenging animals. Here, we provide a global review of how wrack and carrion provide spatial subsidies that shape the structure and functioning of sandy-beach ecosystems (sandy beaches and adjacent surf zones), which typically have little in situ primary production. We also examine the spatial scaling of the influence of these processes across the broader land- and seascape, and identify key gaps in our knowledge to guide future research directions and priorities. Large quantities of detrital kelp and seagrass can flow into sandy-beach ecosystems, where microbial decomposers and animals process it. The rates of wrack supply and its retention are influenced by the oceanographic processes that transport it, the geomorphology and landscape context of the recipient beaches, and the condition, life history and morphological characteristics of the macrophyte taxa that are the ultimate source of wrack. When retained in beach ecosystems, wrack often creates hotspots of microbial metabolism, secondary productivity, biodiversity, and nutrient remineralization. Nutrients are produced during wrack breakdown, and these can return to coastal waters in surface flows (swash) and aquifers discharging into the subtidal surf. Beach-cast kelp often plays a key trophic role, being an abundant and preferred food source for mobile, semi-aquatic invertebrates that channel imported algal matter to predatory invertebrates, fish, and birds. The role of beach-cast marine carrion is likely to be underestimated, as it can be consumed rapidly by highly mobile scavengers (e.g. foxes, coyotes, raptors, vultures). These consumers become important vectors in transferring marine productivity inland, thereby linking marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Whilst deposits of organic matter on sandy-beach ecosystems underpin a range of ecosystem functions and services, they can be at variance with aesthetic perceptions resulting in widespread activities, such as 'beach cleaning and grooming'. This practice diminishes the energetic base of food webs, intertidal fauna, and biodiversity. Global declines in seagrass beds and kelp forests (linked to global warming) are predicted to cause substantial reductions in the amounts of marine organic matter reaching many beach ecosystems, likely causing flow-on effects for food webs and biodiversity. Similarly, future sea-level rise and increased storm frequency are likely to alter profoundly the physical attributes of beaches, which in turn can change the rates at which beaches retain and process the influxes of wrack and animal carcasses. Conservation of the multi-faceted ecosystem services that sandy beaches provide will increasingly need to encompass a greater societal appreciation and the safeguarding of ecological functions reliant on beach-cast organic matter on innumerable ocean shores worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn A. Hyndes
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of ScienceEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Emma L. Berdan
- Department of Marine SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGöteborgSweden
| | - Cristian Duarte
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile
| | - Jenifer E. Dugan
- Marine Science InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA93106USA
| | - Kyle A. Emery
- Marine Science InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA93106USA
| | - Peter A. Hambäck
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant SciencesStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Christopher J. Henderson
- School of Science, Technology, and EngineeringUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydoreQueenslandAustralia
| | - David M. Hubbard
- Marine Science InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA93106USA
| | - Mariano Lastra
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Edificio CC ExperimentaisUniversidade de Vigo, Campus de Vigo36310VigoSpain
| | - Miguel A. Mateo
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of ScienceEdith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWestern AustraliaAustralia,Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasBlanesSpain
| | - Andrew Olds
- School of Science, Technology, and EngineeringUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydoreQueenslandAustralia
| | - Thomas A. Schlacher
- School of Science, Technology, and EngineeringUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydoreQueenslandAustralia
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Olson AM, Prentice C, Monteith ZL, VanMaanen D, Juanes F, Hessing-Lewis M. Grazing preference and isotopic contributions of kelp to Zostera marina mesograzers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:991744. [PMID: 36311148 PMCID: PMC9608150 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.991744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In seagrass food webs, small invertebrate mesograzers often exert top-down control on algal epiphytes growing on seagrass blades, which in turn releases the seagrass from competition for light and nutrients. Yet, nearshore habitat boundaries are permeable, and allochthonous subsidies can provide alternative food sources to in-situ production in seagrass meadows, which may in turn alter mesograzer-epiphyte interactions. We examined the contribution of allochthonous kelp (Nereocystis luetkeana), autochthonous epiphytic macroalgal (Smithora naiadum), Ulva lactuca, and seagrass production to mesograzer diets in a subtidal Zostera marina (eelgrass) meadow. In both choice feeding experiments and isotopic analysis, mesograzer diets revealed a preference for allochthonous N. luetkeana over Z. marina, S. naiadum, and U. lactuca. Notably, Idotea resecata showed an ~20x greater consumption rate for N. luetkeana in feeding experiments over other macrophytes. In the meadow, we found a positive relationship between epiphytic S. naiadum and gammarid amphipod biomass suggesting weak top-down control on the S. naiadum biomass. Epiphyte biomass may be driven by bottom-up factors such as environmental conditions, or the availability and preference of allochthonous kelp, though further work is needed to disentangle these interactions. Additionally, we found that gammarid and caprellid amphipod biomass were positively influenced by adjacency to kelp at seagrass meadow edges. Our findings suggest that N. luetkeana kelp subsidies are important to the diets of mesograzers in Z. marina meadows. Spatial planning and management of marine areas should consider trophic linkages between kelp and eelgrass habitats as a critical seascape feature if the goal is to conserve nearshore food web structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeleen M. Olson
- Nearshore Ecology, Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada
- Fisheries Ecology and Conservation Lab, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Francis Juanes
- Fisheries Ecology and Conservation Lab, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Margot Hessing-Lewis
- Nearshore Ecology, Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, BC, Canada
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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5
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An overview of beach-cast seaweeds: Potential and opportunities for the valorization of underused waste biomass. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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6
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Peng D, Montelongo DC, Wu L, Armitage AR, Kominoski JS, Pennings SC. A hurricane alters the relationship between mangrove cover and marine subsidies. Ecology 2022; 103:e3662. [PMID: 35157321 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As global change alters the composition and productivity of ecosystems, the importance of subsidies from one habitat to another may change. We experimentally manipulated black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) cover in ten large plots and over five years (2014-2019) quantifying the effects of mangrove cover on subsidies of floating organic material (wrack) into coastal wetlands. As mangrove cover increased from zero to 100%, wrack cover and thickness decreased by ~60%, the distance that wrack penetrated into the plots decreased by ~70%, and the percentage of the wrack trapped in the first six m of the plot tripled. These patterns observed during four "normal" years disappeared in a fifth year following Hurricane Harvey (2017), when large quantities of wrack were pushed far into the interior of all the plots, regardless of mangrove cover. Prior to the storm, the abundance of animals collected in grab samples increased with wrack biomass. Wrack composition did not affect animal abundance or composition. Experimental outplants of two types of wrack (red algae and seagrass) revealed that animal abundance and species composition varied between the fringe and interior of the plots, and between microhabitats dominated by salt marsh versus mangrove vegetation. The importance of wrack to overall carbon stocks varied as a function of autochthonous productivity: wrack inputs (per m2 ) based on survey data were greater than aboveground plant biomass in the plots (42 × 24 m) dominated by salt marsh vegetation, but decreased to 5% of total aboveground biomass in plots dominated by mangroves. Our results illustrate that increasing mangrove cover decreases the relative importance of marine subsidies into the intertidal at the plot level, but concentrates subsidies at the front edge of the mangrove stand. Storms, however, may temporarily override mangrove attenuation of wrack inputs. Our results highlight the importance of understanding how changes in plant species composition due to global change will impact marine subsidies and exchanges among ecosystems, and foster a broader understanding of the functional interdependence of adjacent habitats within coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Peng
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Texas, USA.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Denise C Montelongo
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Texas, USA.,Current address: Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leslie Wu
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anna R Armitage
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - John S Kominoski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States
| | - Steven C Pennings
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Texas, USA
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7
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Lowman HE, Emery KA, Dugan JE, Miller RJ. Nutritional quality of giant kelp declines due to warming ocean temperatures. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.08619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heili E. Lowman
- Dept of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Univ. of California Santa Barbara CA USA
| | - Kyle A. Emery
- Marine Science Inst., Univ. of California Santa Barbara CA USA
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8
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A comprehensive evaluation of the potential of semiterrestrial isopods, Ligia exotica, as a new animal food. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7213. [PMID: 33785800 PMCID: PMC8009950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The semiterrestrial isopod, Ligia exotica represents one of the oldest documented species introductions of marine organisms and is known as an intermediate form between marine and strictly terrestrial isopods. In order to explore the potential value of Ligia as an animal food source, this study focused on the growth rate under laboratory rearing conditions and conducted a detailed analysis of the overall nutrient content of the species in comparison to two other marine food media (krill and fish meal). Evaluation of the growth rate of juveniles suggests it is a relatively fast-growing species of the Ligiidae family. The essential amino acids content Ligia meal is the lowest amongst the three studied media but the proportion of flavor amino acids, and in particular taurine, was higher. The most restricted amino acids of isopod meal are methionine and cysteine. The significantly unbalanced amino acid composition of Ligia meal may affect the absorption and utilization by consumers. In terms of fatty acids, the total polyunsaturated fatty acids in the isopod is very low. A total of 12 vitamins were examined. The VK1, VE, VB2, VB3, VB5 content of isopod meal were significantly higher than those of krill meal and fish meal. Similarly, most of the 11 mineral elements are highest in the isopod meal. Ligia therefore offers potential as an alternative natural food source in animal given the growth rate under culture and the overall nutrient content. But Ligia collected in most of the field would be deemed unfit for human consumption because of the relatively low nutritional value and heavy metal content exceeding the provided standard. Further study is warranted to elucidate the biological characteristics of isopods and how its diet is reflected in its nutritional value to consumers.
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Coq S, Nahmani J, Resmond R, Segrestin J, David J, Schevin P, Kazakou E. Intraspecific variation in litter palatability to macroarthropods in response to grazing and soil fertility. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Coq
- CEFE Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE Montpellier France
| | - Johanne Nahmani
- CEFE, CNRS Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE Montpellier France
| | - Rémi Resmond
- INRA‐Agrocampus‐Ouest UMR PEGASE St Gilles France
| | - Jules Segrestin
- CEFE, CNRS Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE Montpellier France
| | - Jean‐François David
- CEFE, CNRS Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE Montpellier France
| | - Patrick Schevin
- CEFE, CNRS Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE Montpellier France
| | - Elena Kazakou
- Montpellier Supagro and CEFE, CNRS Univ Montpellier, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE Montpellier France
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10
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Wenzel MA, Douglas A, Piertney SB. Microbiome composition within a sympatric species complex of intertidal isopods (Jaera albifrons). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202212. [PMID: 30157257 PMCID: PMC6114722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasingly recognised effects of microbiomes on the eco-evolutionary dynamics of their hosts are promoting a view of the "hologenome" as an integral host-symbiont evolutionary entity. For example, sex-ratio distorting reproductive parasites such as Wolbachia are well-studied pivotal drivers of invertebrate reproductive processes, and more recent work is highlighting novel effects of microbiome assemblages on host mating behaviour and developmental incompatibilities that underpin or reinforce reproductive isolation processes. However, examining the hologenome and its eco-evolutionary effects in natural populations is challenging because microbiome composition is considerably influenced by environmental factors. Here we illustrate these challenges in a sympatric species complex of intertidal isopods (Jaera albifrons spp.) with pervasive sex-ratio distortion and ecological and behavioural reproductive isolation mechanisms. We deep-sequence the bacterial 16S rRNA gene among males and females collected in spring and summer from two coasts in north-east Scotland, and examine microbiome composition with a particular focus on reproductive parasites. Microbiomes of all species were diverse (overall 3,317 unique sequences among 3.8 million reads) and comprised mainly Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes taxa typical of the marine intertidal zone, in particular Vibrio spp. However, we found little evidence of the reproductive parasites Wolbachia, Rickettsia, Spiroplasma and Cardinium, suggesting alternative causes of sex-ratio distortion. Notwithstanding, a significant proportion of the variance in microbiome composition among samples was explained by sex (14.1 %), nested within geographic (26.9 %) and seasonal (39.6 %) variance components. The functional relevance of this sex signal was difficult to ascertain given the absence of reproductive parasites, the ephemeral nature of the species assemblages and substantial environmental variability. These results establish the Jaera albifrons species complex as an intriguing system for examining the effects of microbiomes on reproductive processes and speciation, and highlight the difficulties associated with snapshot assays of microbiome composition in dynamic and complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius A. Wenzel
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Douglas
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart B. Piertney
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
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Quintanilla-Ahumada D, Quijón PA, Navarro JM, Pulgar J, Duarte C. Living on a trophic subsidy: Algal quality drives an upper-shore herbivore's consumption, preference and absorption but not growth rates. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196121. [PMID: 29672599 PMCID: PMC5908178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The transfer of seaweeds from subtidal bottoms to nearby intertidal rocky shores is a common but often overlooked phenomenon. Freshly detached seaweeds often represent critical trophic subsidies for herbivores living in upper-shore rocky intertidal areas, such as the marine snail Diloma nigerrima. This species relies on three species of seaweeds for food and displays feeding strategies to deal with a resource that is scarce and at times unpredictable. This study focused on the nutritional quality of freshly detached algae (Durvillaea antarctica, Lessonia spicata and Lessonia trabeculata) and measured Diloma nigerrima's algal consumption rates in trials with and without choice. Absorption efficiency and growth of individual snails fed on each alga were also measured. Durvillaea antarctica had the highest nutritional quality and was the most consumed algae in both single and multiple-choice trials. Absorption efficiency was also highest for D. antarctica but growth rates of snails fed with this species were similar to those fed with the other algae. Combined, these results suggest that D. nigerrima has the ability to discriminate among seaweeds based on their nutritional quality. A potential increase in oxygen uptake when D. nigerrima is consuming the preferred food item is also proposed as a plausible hypothesis to explain the mismatch between snails' preference and growth rate. These results aim to guide further studies on trophic subsidies and their role in coastal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Quintanilla-Ahumada
- Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro A. Quijón
- Coastal Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | - Jorge M. Navarro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Centro Fondap de Investigación de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Valdivia, Chile
| | - José Pulgar
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Duarte
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Center for the Study of Multiple-drivers on Marine Socio-Ecological System (MUSELS), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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12
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Rishworth GM, Perissinotto R, Bird MS, Pelletier N. Grazer responses to variable macroalgal resource conditions facilitate habitat structuring. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171428. [PMID: 29410845 PMCID: PMC5792922 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Consumer responses to altered resource conditions can vary depending on dietary preference, resource characteristics and secondary resource features such as shelter. These can have cascading effects, especially if the consumed resource impacts on overall ecological functioning. In this study, we assessed the dietary composition of grazer communities following seasonal changes in the characteristics of their staple food-source (macroalgae). This was conducted in the living stromatolite pools growing along the coast of South Africa. Stable isotope mixing models suggested that following macroalgal bleaching in summer, metazoan consumers shifted their diet from predominantly macroalgae to a generalist composition. This has important implications for the integrity of the stromatolite matrix and its layered deposition. Where previously in winter stromatolite microalgae comprised a minor component of metazoan consumer diets, in summer, following a change in the resource conditions of macroalgae, microalgae featured more prominently in grazer diets. This seasonal grazing pressure on stromatolite-related resources probably promotes the pattern of annual layering observed in the stromatolite accretion. It also demonstrates a mechanism whereby grazer dietary shifts following a change in their preferred food resource can affect the ecosystem structure of their environment, specifically the stromatolite layering process which responds to microalgal growth or grazing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin M. Rishworth
- DST/NRF Research Chair: Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Renzo Perissinotto
- DST/NRF Research Chair: Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Matthew S. Bird
- DST/NRF Research Chair: Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Noémie Pelletier
- DST/NRF Research Chair: Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
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13
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Khemaissia H, Jelassi R, Souty-Grosset C, Nasri-Ammar K. Amphipoda and Isopoda diversity around Tunisian wetlands (North Africa) in relation to environmental conditions. Afr J Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Khemaissia
- Faculty of Science of Tunis; Research Unit of Bio-Ecology and Evolutionary Systematics; University of Tunis; El Manar Tunisia
| | - Raja Jelassi
- Faculty of Science of Tunis; Research Unit of Bio-Ecology and Evolutionary Systematics; University of Tunis; El Manar Tunisia
| | - Catherine Souty-Grosset
- Laboratory Ecology and Biology of Interactions; UMR CNRS 7267; Ecology Evolution Symbiosis Team; University of Poitiers; Poitiers France
| | - Karima Nasri-Ammar
- Faculty of Science of Tunis; Research Unit of Bio-Ecology and Evolutionary Systematics; University of Tunis; El Manar Tunisia
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Pietrelli L, Di Gennaro A, Menegoni P, Lecce F, Poeta G, Acosta ATR, Battisti C, Iannilli V. Pervasive plastisphere: First record of plastics in egagropiles (Posidonia spheroids). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 229:1032-1036. [PMID: 28778793 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The ability of Posidonia oceanica spheroids (egagropiles, EG) to incorporate plastics was investigated along the central Italy coast. Plastics were found in the 52.84% of the egagropiles collected (n = 685). The more represented size of plastics has range within 1-1.5 cm, comparable to the size of natural fibres. Comparing plastics occurring both in EG and in surrounding sand, Polyethylene, Polyester and Nylon were the most abundant polymers in EG, while PSE, PE, PP and PET were the most represented in sand. In particular PE and PP were significantly more represented in sand, while PE, Nylon, Polyester and microfibers (as pills) were more represented in EG. Within plastics found in EG, 26.9% were microfibers as small pills (<1 cm), mainly composed of polyamide, polyester, cotton and PET mixing. These microfibers might be produced by discharges from washing machines and currently represents an emerging pollutant with widespread distribution in marine and freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Di Gennaro
- Department of Sciences, University of Rome III, Viale Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Gianluca Poeta
- Department of Sciences, University of Rome III, Viale Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Alicia T R Acosta
- Department of Sciences, University of Rome III, Viale Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Corrado Battisti
- Torre Flavia LTER (Long Term Ecological Research) Station, Protected Areas Service, Città Metropolitana di Roma Capitale, Via Tiburtina, 691, 00159 Rome, Italy
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15
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Rishworth GM, Perissinotto R, Bird MS, Strydom NA, Peer N, Miranda NAF, Raw JL. Non-reliance of metazoans on stromatolite-forming microbial mats as a food resource. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42614. [PMID: 28205600 PMCID: PMC5311985 DOI: 10.1038/srep42614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Grazing and burrowing organisms usually homogenise microalgal mats that form on benthic sediments of many aquatic ecosystems. In the absence of this disruption, microalgal mats can accrete laminated deposits (stromatolites). Stromatolites are rare in modern coastal ecosystems, but persist at locations where metazoans are largely excluded. This study aimed to assess the trophic structure at stromatolite locations where metazoans co-occur, to determine the grazing influence exerted by the metazoans on the stromatolite-forming microalgae (cyanobacteria and diatoms). Stable isotope signatures (δ13C and δ15N) were used as food-web tracers and dietary composition of consumers was calculated using source mixing models. Results clearly demonstrate that the dominant macrofaunal grazers do not utilise stromatolite material as a food resource, but rather subsist on autochthonous macroalgae. For instance, the mean (±SD) dietary composition of two of the most abundant grazers, Melita zeylanica (Amphipoda) and Composetia cf. keiskama (Polychaeta), consisted of 80 ± 11% and 91 ± 7% macroalgae, respectively. This suggests that the stromatolite-forming benthic microalgae are not disrupted significantly by grazing pressures, allowing for the layered mineralisation process to perpetuate. Additionally, grazers likely have a restrictive influence on pool macroalgae, maintaining the competitive balance between micro- and macroalgal groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin M Rishworth
- DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Renzo Perissinotto
- DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Matthew S Bird
- DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Nadine A Strydom
- Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Nasreen Peer
- DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Nelson A F Miranda
- DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
| | - Jacqueline L Raw
- DST/NRF Research Chair in Shallow Water Ecosystems, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa
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16
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Rodil IF, Fernandes JP, Mucha AP. Disentangling the effects of solar radiation, wrack macroalgae and beach macrofauna on associated bacterial assemblages. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 112:104-12. [PMID: 26498844 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Wrack detritus plays a significant role in shaping community dynamics and food-webs on sandy beaches. Macroalgae is the most abundant beach wrack, and it is broken down by the combination of environmental processes, macrofauna grazing, and microbial degradation before returning to the sea as nutrients. The role of solar radiation, algal species and beach macrofauna as ecological drivers for bacterial assemblages associated to wrack was investigated by experimental manipulation of Laminaria ochroleuca and Sargassum muticum. We examined the effects of changes in solar radiation on wrack-associated bacterial assemblages by using cut-off filters: PAR + UVA + UVB (280-700 nm; PAB), PAR + UVA (320-700 nm; PA), PAR (400-700 nm; P), and a control with no filter (C). Results showed that moderate changes in UVR are capable to promote substantial differences on bacterial assemblages so that wrack patches exposed to full sunlight treatments (C and PAB) showed more similar assemblages among them than compared to patches exposed to treatments that blocked part of the solar radiation (P and PA). Our findings also suggested that specific algal nutrient quality-related variables (i.e. nitrogen, C:N ratio and phlorotannins) are main determinants of bacterial dynamics on wrack deposits. We showed a positive relationship between beach macrofauna, especially the most abundant and active wrack-users, the amphipod Talitrus saltator and the coleopteran Phaleria cadaverina, and both bacterial abundance and richness. Moderate variations in natural solar radiation and shifts in the algal species entering beach ecosystems can modify the role of wrack in the energy-flow of nearshore environments with unknown ecological implications for coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván F Rodil
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana P Fernandes
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana P Mucha
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
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17
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Hopkins JB, Kurle CM. Measuring the realized niches of animals using stable isotopes: from rats to bears. Methods Ecol Evol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John B. Hopkins
- Division of Biological Sciences Ecology, Behavior and Evolution Section University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA
| | - Carolyn M. Kurle
- Division of Biological Sciences Ecology, Behavior and Evolution Section University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093 USA
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18
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García-Hernández J, Hurtado LA, Leyva-García G, Güido-Moreno A, Aguilera-Márquez D, Mazzei V, Ferrante M. Isopods of the genus Ligia as potential biomonitors of trace metals from the gulf of California and pacific coast of the Baja California peninsula. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 112:177-185. [PMID: 25463869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Supralittoral and high intertidal coastal zones are exposed to pollution from both marine and terrestrial sources and undergo higher deposition rates than the subtidal zone. It is therefore important to identify organisms for this section of the coastal area that can be tolerant to contaminants. The aim of this study was to determine if supralittoral isopods of the genus Ligia can be used as biomonitors, since they are abundant and widely distributed. For this purpose, concentrations of trace elements were determined in Ligia isopods in toto from 26 locations across the Gulf of California and Pacific coast of the Baja California peninsula, which were collected during the summers of 2009 and 2010. The concentrations of trace elements followed the order of; Zn≥Cu>As>Cd>Pb>Hg. Elevated concentrations of copper (up to 1010 μg/g) were detected in Ligia from Santa Rosalía (SRo), a locality where industrial mining of copper has historically occurred. Industrial and municipal sewage discharges appear to have contributed to the high concentrations of zinc (326 μg/g) and lead (144 μg/g) found in organisms from Guaymas location. The high mercury concentration in organisms from Mazatlán (M) (2.01 μg/g) was associated with a thermoelectric plant. Natural sources of metals were also detected; coastal upwelling appears to be associated with high cadmium concentrations in Ligia from Punta Baja (PB) (256 μg/g) in the Pacific coast, whereas hydrothermal vents may have contributed to high concentrations of arsenic at Ensenada (E) (61 μg/g). Our results suggest that Ligia isopods reflect the natural and anthropogenic inputs of trace metals in the environment and could potentially be used as biomonitor organisms of the intertidal rocky shores of the Gulf of California and Pacific coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline García-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD)-Guaymas Unit, Carretera al Varadero Nal. Km 6.6 Guaymas, Sonora , México.
| | - Luis A Hurtado
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Texas A&M University, Old Heep Building 110E, TAMU College Station, TX 77843-2258, USA.
| | - Germán Leyva-García
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD)-Guaymas Unit, Carretera al Varadero Nal. Km 6.6 Guaymas, Sonora , México.
| | - Adrián Güido-Moreno
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD)-Guaymas Unit, Carretera al Varadero Nal. Km 6.6 Guaymas, Sonora , México.
| | - Daniela Aguilera-Márquez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C. (CIAD)-Guaymas Unit, Carretera al Varadero Nal. Km 6.6 Guaymas, Sonora , México.
| | - Veronica Mazzei
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania Via Androne n. 81, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Anatomy, Biology and Genetics, Legal Medicine, Neuroscience, Diagnostic Pathology, Hygiene and Public Health "G. F. Ingrassia", University of Catania Via S. Sofia n. 87, 95123 Catania, Italy.
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19
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Hammann S, Zimmer M. Wind-Driven Dynamics of Beach-Cast Wrack in a Tide-Free System. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ojms.2014.42009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Hyndes GA, Nagelkerken I, McLeod RJ, Connolly RM, Lavery PS, Vanderklift MA. Mechanisms and ecological role of carbon transfer within coastal seascapes. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2013; 89:232-54. [PMID: 23980752 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, coastal systems provide some of the most productive habitats, which potentially influence a range of marine and terrestrial ecosystems through the transfer of nutrients and energy. Several reviews have examined aspects of connectivity within coastal seascapes, but the scope of those reviews has been limited to single systems or single vectors. We use the transfer of carbon to examine the processes of connectivity through multiple vectors in multiple ecosystems using four coastal seascapes as case studies. We discuss and compare the main vectors of carbon connecting different ecosystems, and then the natural and human-induced factors that influence the magnitude of effect for those vectors on recipient systems. Vectors of carbon transfer can be grouped into two main categories: detrital particulate organic carbon (POC) and its associated dissolved organic and inorganic carbon (DOC/DIC) that are transported passively; and mobile consumers that transport carbon actively. High proportions of net primary production can be exported over meters to hundreds of kilometers from seagrass beds, algal reefs and mangroves as POC, with its export dependent on wind-generated currents in the first two of these systems and tidal currents for the last. By contrast, saltmarshes export large quantities of DOC through tidal movement, while land run-off plays a critical role in the transport of terrestrial POC and DOC into temperate fjords. Nekton actively transfers carbon across ecosystem boundaries through foraging movements, ontogenetic migrations, or 'trophic relays', into and out of seagrass beds, mangroves or saltmarshes. The magnitude of these vectors is influenced by: the hydrodynamics and geomorphology of the region; the characteristics of the carbon vector, such as their particle size and buoyancy; and for nekton, the extent and frequency of migrations between ecosystems. Through a risk-assessment process, we have identified the most significant human disturbances that affect the integrity of connectivity among ecosystems. Loss of habitat, net primary production (NPP) and overfishing pose the greatest risks to carbon transfer in temperate saltmarsh and tropical estuaries, particularly through their effects on nekton abundance and movement. In comparison, habitat/NPP loss and climate change are likely to be the major risks to carbon transfer in temperate fjords and temperate open coasts through alteration in the amount of POC and/or DOC/DIC being transported. While we have highlighted the importance of these vectors in coastal seascapes, there is limited quantitative data on the effects of these vectors on recipient systems. It is only through quantifying those subsidies that we can effectively incorporate complex interactions into the management of the marine environment and its resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenn A Hyndes
- Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research, School of Natural Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, 6027, Australia
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21
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Eberl R. Distribution, habitat and food preferences of sympatric high intertidal isopod speciesLigia occidentalisandLigia pallasii(Ligiidae: Oniscidea). J NAT HIST 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2012.700334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Wahl M, Jormalainen V, Eriksson BK, Coyer JA, Molis M, Schubert H, Dethier M, Karez R, Kruse I, Lenz M, Pearson G, Rohde S, Wikström SA, Olsen JL. Stress ecology in fucus: abiotic, biotic and genetic interactions. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2011; 59:37-105. [PMID: 21724018 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385536-7.00002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Stress regimes defined as the synchronous or sequential action of abiotic and biotic stresses determine the performance and distribution of species. The natural patterns of stress to which species are more or less well adapted have recently started to shift and alter under the influence of global change. This was the motivation to review our knowledge on the stress ecology of a benthic key player, the macroalgal genus Fucus. We first provide a comprehensive review of the genus as an ecological model including what is currently known about the major lineages of Fucus species with respect to hybridization, ecotypic differentiation and speciation; as well as life history, population structure and geographic distribution. We then review our current understanding of both extrinsic (abiotic/biotic) and intrinsic (genetic) stress(es) on Fucus species and how they interact with each other. It is concluded that (i) interactive stress effects appear to be equally distributed over additive, antagonistic and synergistic categories at the level of single experiments, but are predominantly additive when averaged over all studies in a meta-analysis of 41 experiments; (ii) juvenile and adult responses to stress frequently differ and (iii) several species or particular populations of Fucus may be relatively unaffected by climate change as a consequence of pre-adapted ecotypes that collectively express wide physiological tolerences. Future research on Fucus should (i) include additional species, (ii) include marginal populations as models for responses to environmental stress; (iii) assess a wider range of stress combinations, including their temporal fluctuations; (iv) better differentiate between stress sensitivity of juvenile versus adult stages; (v) include a functional genomic component in order to better integrate Fucus' ecological and evolutionary responses to stress regimes and (vi) utilize a multivariate modelling approach in order to develop and understand interaction networks.
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Eberl R. Sea-land transitions in isopods: pattern of symbiont distribution in two species of intertidal isopods Ligia pallasii and Ligia occidentalis in the Eastern Pacific. Symbiosis 2010; 51:107-116. [PMID: 20730112 PMCID: PMC2918799 DOI: 10.1007/s13199-010-0057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Studies of microbial associations of intertidal isopods in the primitive genus Ligia (Oniscidea, Isopoda) can help our understanding of the formation of symbioses during sea-land transitions, as terrestrial Oniscidean isopods have previously been found to house symbionts in their hepatopancreas. Ligia pallasii and Ligia occidentalis co-occur in the high intertidal zone along the Eastern Pacific with a large zone of range overlap and both species showing patchy distributions. In 16S rRNA clone libraries mycoplasma-like bacteria (Firmicutes), related to symbionts described from terrestrial isopods, were the most common bacteria present in both host species. There was greater overall microbial diversity in Ligia pallasii compared with L. occidentalis. Populations of both Ligia species along an extensive area of the eastern Pacific coastline were screened for the presence of mycoplasma-like symbionts with symbiont-specific primers. Symbionts were present in all host populations from both species but not in all individuals. Phylogenetically, symbionts of intertidal isopods cluster together. Host habitat, in addition to host phylogeny appears to influence the phylogenetic relation of symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Eberl
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA USA
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Hultgren KM, Stachowicz JJ. Size-related habitat shifts facilitated by positive preference induction in a marine kelp crab. Behav Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arp192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ortiz JF, Gavio B. Notes on the marine algae of the International Biosphere ReserveSeaflower,Caribbean Colombia II: diversity of drift algae in San Andres island, Caribbean Colombia. CARIBB J SCI 2010. [DOI: 10.18475/cjos.v46i2.a19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sotka EE, Forbey J, Horn M, Poore AGB, Raubenheimer D, Whalen KE. The emerging role of pharmacology in understanding consumer–prey interactions in marine and freshwater systems. Integr Comp Biol 2009; 49:291-313. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icp049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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27
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Iyengar VK, Starks BD. Sexual selection in harems: male competition plays a larger role than female choice in an amphipod. Behav Ecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arn009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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28
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Olabarria C, Lastra M, Garrido J. Succession of macrofauna on macroalgal wrack of an exposed sandy beach: effects of patch size and site. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2007; 63:19-40. [PMID: 16890281 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2006.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2005] [Revised: 06/06/2006] [Accepted: 06/08/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used experimental manipulation of algal wrack to test hypotheses about influences on macrofaunal assemblages inhabiting the upper shore level of different sites along an exposed sandy beach. First, we hypothesized that decomposition of algal wrack depends on wrack patch size and site. With respect to macrofauna, we tested the hypotheses that (1) abundance of colonising individuals and species vary with wrack patch size, (2) succession (i.e. sequence of colonisation and species replacement) depends on time, and (3) as a result, macrofaunal assemblages associated with wrack patches vary with the patch size and time. We also predicted that responses could be different across sites because of their slightly different environmental conditions. The decomposition of wrack patches was similar in all sites and was dependent on wrack patch size. It was strongly influenced by time-specific environmental and/or biological factors. The pattern of colonisation, i.e. total number of species and individuals, varied among wrack patch sizes. Small patches had fewer species and individuals than medium and large patches. Nevertheless, pattern of colonisation varied among species, across sites and through time. Colonisation of wrack patches was rapid (i.e. within 3 days) for most species. There was some evidence to support the hypothesis that macrofaunal assemblages change in response to patch size and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Olabarria
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidad de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo (Pontevedra), Spain.
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Orr M, Zimmer M, Jelinski DE, Mews M. WRACK DEPOSITION ON DIFFERENT BEACH TYPES: SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION IN THE PATTERN OF SUBSIDY. Ecology 2005. [DOI: 10.1890/04-1486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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