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Chen C, van der Naald M, Singh A, Dolinski ND, Jackson GL, Jaeger HM, Rowan SJ, de Pablo JJ. Leveraging the Polymer Glass Transition to Access Thermally Switchable Shear Jamming Suspensions. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:639-647. [PMID: 37122459 PMCID: PMC10141574 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Suspensions of polymeric nano- and microparticles are fascinating stress-responsive material systems that, depending on their composition, can display a diverse range of flow properties under shear, such as drastic thinning, thickening, and even jamming (reversible solidification driven by shear). However, investigations to date have almost exclusively focused on nonresponsive particles, which do not allow in situ tuning of the flow properties. Polymeric materials possess rich phase transitions that can be directly tuned by their chemical structures, which has enabled researchers to engineer versatile adaptive materials that can respond to targeted external stimuli. Reported herein are suspensions of (readily prepared) micrometer-sized polymeric particles with accessible glass transition temperatures (T g) designed to thermally control their non-Newtonian rheology. The underlying mechanical stiffness and interparticle friction between particles change dramatically near T g. Capitalizing on these properties, it is shown that, in contrast to conventional systems, a dramatic and nonmonotonic change in shear thickening occurs as the suspensions transition through the particles' T g. This straightforward strategy enables the in situ turning on (or off) of the system's ability to shear jam by varying the temperature relative to T g and lays the groundwork for other types of stimuli-responsive jamming systems through polymer chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuqiao Chen
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | | | - Abhinendra Singh
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- James
Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Neil D. Dolinski
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Grayson L. Jackson
- James
Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Heinrich M. Jaeger
- Department
of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- James
Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Stuart J. Rowan
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Center
for
Molecular Engineering, Argonne National
Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- E-mail:
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Center
for
Molecular Engineering, Argonne National
Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- E-mail:
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2
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Dallari F, Jain A, Sikorski M, Möller J, Bean R, Boesenberg U, Frenzel L, Goy C, Hallmann J, Kim Y, Lokteva I, Markmann V, Mills G, Rodriguez-Fernandez A, Roseker W, Scholz M, Shayduk R, Vagovic P, Walther M, Westermeier F, Madsen A, Mancuso AP, Grübel G, Lehmkühler F. Microsecond hydrodynamic interactions in dense colloidal dispersions probed at the European XFEL. IUCRJ 2021; 8:775-783. [PMID: 34584738 PMCID: PMC8420773 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252521006333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many soft-matter systems are composed of macromolecules or nanoparticles suspended in water. The characteristic times at intrinsic length scales of a few nanometres fall therefore in the microsecond and sub-microsecond time regimes. With the development of free-electron lasers (FELs) and fourth-generation synchrotron light-sources, time-resolved experiments in such time and length ranges will become routinely accessible in the near future. In the present work we report our findings on prototypical soft-matter systems, composed of charge-stabilized silica nanoparticles dispersed in water, with radii between 12 and 15 nm and volume fractions between 0.005 and 0.2. The sample dynamics were probed by means of X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, employing the megahertz pulse repetition rate of the European XFEL and the Adaptive Gain Integrating Pixel Detector. We show that it is possible to correctly identify the dynamical properties that determine the diffusion constant, both for stationary samples and for systems driven by XFEL pulses. Remarkably, despite the high photon density the only observable induced effect is the heating of the scattering volume, meaning that all other X-ray induced effects do not influence the structure and the dynamics on the probed timescales. This work also illustrates the potential to control such induced heating and it can be predicted with thermodynamic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Dallari
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Avni Jain
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcin Sikorski
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Johannes Möller
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Richard Bean
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Lara Frenzel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Goy
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Hallmann
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Yoonhee Kim
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Irina Lokteva
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Verena Markmann
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Grant Mills
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | | | - Wojciech Roseker
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Roman Shayduk
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Patrik Vagovic
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Walther
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Westermeier
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anders Madsen
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Adrian P. Mancuso
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VC 3086, Australia
| | - Gerhard Grübel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Lehmkühler
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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3
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From Femtoseconds to Hours—Measuring Dynamics over 18 Orders of Magnitude with Coherent X-rays. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11136179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) enables the study of sample dynamics between micrometer and atomic length scales. As a coherent scattering technique, it benefits from the increased brilliance of the next-generation synchrotron radiation and Free-Electron Laser (FEL) sources. In this article, we will introduce the XPCS concepts and review the latest developments of XPCS with special attention on the extension of accessible time scales to sub-μs and the application of XPCS at FELs. Furthermore, we will discuss future opportunities of XPCS and the related technique X-ray speckle visibility spectroscopy (XSVS) at new X-ray sources. Due to its particular signal-to-noise ratio, the time scales accessible by XPCS scale with the square of the coherent flux, allowing to dramatically extend its applications. This will soon enable studies over more than 18 orders of magnitude in time by XPCS and XSVS.
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Vodnala P, Karunaratne N, Lurio L, Thurston GM, Vega M, Gaillard E, Narayanan S, Sandy A, Zhang Q, Dufresne EM, Foffi G, Grybos P, Kmon P, Maj P, Szczygiel R. Hard-sphere-like dynamics in highly concentrated alpha-crystallin suspensions. Phys Rev E 2018; 97:020601. [PMID: 29548072 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.97.020601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of concentrated suspensions of the eye-lens protein alpha crystallin have been measured using x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. Measurements were made at wave vectors corresponding to the first peak in the hard-sphere structure factor and volume fractions close to the critical volume fraction for the glass transition. Langevin dynamics simulations were also performed in parallel to the experiments. The intermediate scattering function f(q,τ) could be fit using a stretched exponential decay for both experiments and numerical simulations. The measured relaxation times show good agreement with simulations for polydisperse hard-sphere colloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Vodnala
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Nuwan Karunaratne
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Laurence Lurio
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - George M Thurston
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - Michael Vega
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Elizabeth Gaillard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Alec Sandy
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Qingteng Zhang
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Eric M Dufresne
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Giuseppe Foffi
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, UMR 8502, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Pawel Grybos
- AGH University of Science and Technology, av. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Piotr Kmon
- AGH University of Science and Technology, av. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Piotr Maj
- AGH University of Science and Technology, av. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
| | - Robert Szczygiel
- AGH University of Science and Technology, av. Mickiewicza 30, Krakow 30-059, Poland
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5
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Sakurai S. Recent developments in polymer applications of synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Sakurai
- Department of Biobased Materials Science; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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6
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Shpyrko OG. X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2014; 21:1057-64. [PMID: 25177994 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577514018232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) has emerged as one of the key probes of slow nanoscale fluctuations, applicable to a wide range of condensed matter and materials systems. This article briefly reviews the basic principles of XPCS as well as some of its recent applications, and discusses some novel approaches to XPCS analysis. It concludes with a discussion of the future impact of diffraction-limited storage rings on new types of XPCS experiments, pushing the temporal resolution to nanosecond and possibly even picosecond time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg G Shpyrko
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0319, La Jolla, CA 92093-0319, USA
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7
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Cristofolini L. Synchrotron X-ray techniques for the investigation of structures and dynamics in interfacial systems. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Westermeier F, Fischer B, Roseker W, Grübel G, Nägele G, Heinen M. Structure and short-time dynamics in concentrated suspensions of charged colloids. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:114504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4751544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Lu PJ, Giavazzi F, Angelini TE, Zaccarelli E, Jargstorff F, Schofield AB, Wilking JN, Romanowsky MB, Weitz DA, Cerbino R. Characterizing concentrated, multiply scattering, and actively driven fluorescent systems with confocal differential dynamic microscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:218103. [PMID: 23003305 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.218103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We introduce confocal differential dynamic microscopy (ConDDM), a new technique yielding information comparable to that given by light scattering but in dense, opaque, fluorescent samples of micron-sized objects that cannot be probed easily with other existing techniques. We measure the correct wave vector q-dependent structure and hydrodynamic factors of concentrated hard-sphere-like colloids. We characterize concentrated swimming bacteria, observing ballistic motion in the bulk and a new compressed-exponential scaling of dynamics, and determine the velocity distribution; by contrast, near the coverslip, dynamics scale differently, suggesting that bacterial motion near surfaces fundamentally differs from that of freely swimming organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Lu
- Department of Physics and SEAS, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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11
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Orsi D, Fluerasu A, Moussaïd A, Zontone F, Cristofolini L, Madsen A. Dynamics in dense hard-sphere colloidal suspensions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2012; 85:011402. [PMID: 22400568 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.011402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic behavior of a hard-sphere colloidal suspension was studied by x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering over a wide range of particle volume fractions. The short-time mobility of the particles was found to be smaller than that of free particles even at relatively low concentrations, showing the importance of indirect hydrodynamic interactions. Hydrodynamic functions were derived from the data, and for moderate particle volume fractions (Φ≤ 0.40) there is good agreement with earlier many-body theory calculations by Beenakker and Mazur [Physica A 120, 349 (1984)]. Important discrepancies appear at higher concentrations, above Φ≈ 0.40, where the hydrodynamic effects are overestimated by the Beenakker-Mazur theory, but predicted accurately by an accelerated Stokesian dynamics algorithm developed by Banchio and Brady [J. Chem. Phys. 118, 10323 (2003)]. For the relaxation rates, good agreement was also found between the experimental data and a scaling form predicted by the mode coupling theory. In the high concentration range, with the fluid suspensions approaching the glass transition, the long-time diffusion coefficient was compared with the short-time collective diffusion coefficient to verify a scaling relation previously proposed by Segrè and Pusey [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 771 (1996)]. We discuss our results in view of previous experimental attempts to validate this scaling law [L. Lurio et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 785 (2000)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Orsi
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Boîte Postale 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
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12
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Constantin D, Davidson P, Freyssingeas É, Madsen A. Slow dynamics of a colloidal lamellar phase. J Chem Phys 2011; 133:224902. [PMID: 21171697 DOI: 10.1063/1.3509399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We used x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy to study the dynamics in the lamellar phase of a platelet suspension as a function of the particle concentration. We measured the collective diffusion coefficient along the director of the phase, over length scales down to the interparticle distance, and quantified the hydrodynamic interaction between the particles. This interaction sets in with increasing concentration and can be described qualitatively by a simplified model. No change in the microscopic structure or dynamics is observed at the transition between the fluid and the gel-like lamellar phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doru Constantin
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, UMR 8502, 91405 Orsay, France.
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13
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Martinez VA, Thijssen JHJ, Zontone F, van Megen W, Bryant G. Dynamics of hard sphere suspensions using dynamic light scattering and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy: Dynamics and scaling of the intermediate scattering function. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:054505. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3525101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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Heinen M, Holmqvist P, Banchio AJ, Nägele G. Short-time diffusion of charge-stabilized colloidal particles: generic features. J Appl Crystallogr 2010. [DOI: 10.1107/s002188981002724x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Analytical theory and Stokesian dynamics simulations are used in conjunction with dynamic light scattering to investigate the role of hydrodynamic interactions in short-time diffusion in suspensions of charge-stabilized colloidal particles. The particles are modeled as solvent-impermeable charged spheres, repelling each otherviaa screened Coulomb potential. Numerical results for self-diffusion and sedimentation coefficients, as well as hydrodynamic and short-time diffusion functions, are compared with experimental data for a wide range of volume fractions. The theoretical predictions for the generic behavior of short-time properties obtained from this model are shown to be in full accord with experimental data. In addition, the effects of microion kinetics, nonzero particle porosity and residual attractive forces on the form of the hydrodynamic function are estimated. This serves to rule out possible causes for the strikingly small hydrodynamic function values determined in certain synchrotron radiation experiments.
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Zanchetta G, Cerbino R. Exploring soft matter with x-rays: from the discovery of the DNA structure to the challenges of free electron lasers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:323102. [PMID: 21386476 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/32/323102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
X-rays have long been a precious tool for the study of the structure of matter. While the short wavelength makes them ideal for investigating materials down to the atomic scale, their high penetration power allows for the exploration of opaque samples at a multitude of length scales. We give an overview of the x-ray techniques suited for the characterization of soft matter and of their application to systems of current interest. We describe the advantages and limitations of existing x-ray methods and outline the possible developments following the introduction of a new kind of coherent source: the x-ray free electron laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Zanchetta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biochimica e Biotecnologie per la Medicina, Università degli Studi di Milano, I-20133, Milano, Italy.
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16
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Poulos AS, Constantin D, Davidson P, Pansu B, Freyssingeas É, Madsen A, Chanéac C. Communications: Short-range dynamics of a nematic liquid-crystalline phase. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:091101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3330920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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