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Mazzio E, Almalki A, Darling-Reed SF, Soliman KFA. Effects of Wild Yam Root ( Dioscorea villosa) Extract on the Gene Expression Profile of Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 18:735-755. [PMID: 34697066 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Wild yam extract [Dioscorea villosa, (WYE)] is consistently lethal at low IC50s across diverse cancer-lines in vitro. Unlike traditional anti-cancer botanicals, WYE contains detergent saponins which reduce oil-water interfacial tensions causing disintegration of lipid membranes and causing cell lysis, creating an interfering variable. Here, we evaluate WYE at sub-lethal concentrations in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantification of saponins, membrane potential, lytic death and sub-lethal WYE changes in whole transcriptomic (WT) mRNA, miRNAs and biological parameters were evaluated. RESULTS WYE caused 346 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) out of 48,226 transcripts tested; where up-regulated DEGS reflect immune stimulation, TNF signaling, COX2, cytokine release and cholesterol/steroid biosynthesis. Down-regulated DEGs reflect losses in cell division cycle (CDC), cyclins (CCN), cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), centromere proteins (CENP), kinesin family members (KIFs) and polo-like kinases (PLKs), which were in alignment with biological studies. CONCLUSION Sub-lethal concentrations of WYE appear to evoke pro-inflammatory, steroid biosynthetic and cytostatic effects in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Mazzio
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Abdulaziz Almalki
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Selina F Darling-Reed
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
| | - Karam F A Soliman
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
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Koubaa-Ghorbel F, Chaâbane M, Jdidi H, Turki M, Makni-Ayadi F, El Feki A. Salvia officinalis mitigates uterus and liver damages induced by an estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 45:e13542. [PMID: 33124046 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the antioxidant activity of Salvia officinalis (sage) and its protective effect on estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats. Female Wistar rats were treated during either 15 or 30 days as follows: group C: negative controls, group S: positive controls treated with sage leaves, ovariectomized rats (group OVX) and ovariectomized rats receiving either sage (OVX-S) or hormonal (Group OVX-E) treatments, respectively. After 15 and 30 days of treatments, OVX rats showed a gain in body weight and an increase of absolute and relative liver weights. Meanwhile, absolute and relative uterus weights were decreased. Moreover, ovariectomy altered plasma transaminases' activities, lipid profile, and disrupted the redox status of liver and uterine tissues. It affected also the reproductive tract by decreasing the uterus glycogen content and plasma LDH activity. Supplementation of sage via the diet reduced weight gain and oxidative stress resulting from estrogen deficiency. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: During menopause, sexual hormone deficiency, especially estrogen, causes several morphological and physiological disturbances in liver and uterus tissues. In fact, the body weight gain and disturbances of redox status in liver and uterus were the main health problems detected after menopause. Sage leaves, used as medicinal plant, exerted its beneficial effects in the management of menopause disorders. As an important source of antioxidants, sage leaves could prevent obesity and oxidative damage in the liver and uterus resulting from estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariem Chaâbane
- National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hajer Jdidi
- Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Turki
- CHU H. Bourguiba, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
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A Review of the Science of Colorful, Plant-Based Food and Practical Strategies for "Eating the Rainbow". J Nutr Metab 2019; 2019:2125070. [PMID: 33414957 PMCID: PMC7770496 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2125070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, thousands of published studies have amassed supporting recommendations to consume fruits and vegetables for physiological and psychological health. Newer research has emerged to suggest that these plant-based foods contain a plethora of not only vitamins and minerals, but perhaps, most importantly, phytonutrients. These phytonutrients have known pleiotropic effects on cellular structure and function, ultimately resulting in the modulation of protein kinases and subsequent epigenetic modification in a manner that leads to improved outcomes. Even though eating fruits and vegetables is a well-known feature of a healthy dietary pattern, population intakes continue to be below federal recommendations. To encourage consumers to include fruits and vegetables into their diet, an “eat by color” approach is proposed in this review. Although each individual food may have numerous effects based on its constituents, the goal of this simplified approach was to identify general patterns of benefits based on the preponderance of scientific data and known mechanisms of food-based constituents. It is suggested that such a consumer-oriented categorization of these plant-based foods may lead to greater recognition of their importance in the daily diet throughout the lifespan. Other adjunctive strategies to heighten awareness of fruits and vegetables are discussed.
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Chiang LH, Chen SH, Lo YC, Yeh AI. Estrogenic activity of yam via a yeast model and its effects on two cancer cell lines. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Haratake A, Watase D, Setoguchi S, Nagata-Akaho N, Matsunaga K, Takata J. Effect of orally ingested diosgenin into diet on skin collagen content in a low collagen skin mouse model and its mechanism of action. Life Sci 2017; 174:77-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kim SJ, Jin SW, Lee GH, Kim YA, Jeong HG. Evaluation of Estrogenic Activity of Extract from the Herbal Mixture Cynanchum wilfordii Hemsley , Phlomis umbrosa Turczaninow, and Angelica gigas Nakai. Toxicol Res 2017; 33:71-77. [PMID: 28133516 PMCID: PMC5266372 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2017.33.1.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) consists of highly effective prescription medications for treating menopausal symptoms; however, these agents have exhibited side effects including the risk of estrogen-induced carcinogenesis. Therefore, interest in phytotherapy-based materials as a natural source of alternatives to estrogen therapy has increased. However, some of these herbal medicines have been reported to increase the risk of estrogen-induced cancer. Herbal formulations composed of a combination of Cynanchum wilfordii Hemsley (CW), Phlomis umbrosa Turczaninow (PU), and Angelica gigas Nakai (AG) extracts (CPAE) have been used for treating menopausal symptoms. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the safety of CPAE by determining its potential adverse estrogenic activity using the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) test guideline 455 (TG455) in a stably transfected transcriptionally activated human estrogen receptor α (hERα)-HeLa9903 cell model. We found that CPAE did not how any estrogenic activity or stimulate promoters containing estrogen response elements in MCF-7 cells. In addition, CPAE showed no significant selective activity against hERα and hERβ, non-selective activity against the ER, or effects on ER target gene expression. Furthermore, CPAE did not significantly induce MCF-7 cell proliferation and uterine weight increase in ovariectomized rats. These results demonstrate that CPAE can be used as beneficial herbal drug for prevention and therapeutic intervention of estrogen carcinogenesis in menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sun Woo Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yong An Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hye Gwang Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Swar G, Shailajan S, Menon S. Activity based evaluation of a traditional Ayurvedic medicinal plant: Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde flowers as estrogenic agents using ovariectomized rat model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 195:324-333. [PMID: 27884717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde, Ashok, is a popular traditional plant used for gynecological disorders. In India, the juice of Ashok flowers is traditionally consumed as a tonic by women in case of uterine disorders. But despite the use, its estrogenic potency is not yet evaluated and thus lacks the scientific recognition and acclaim. AIM OF THE STUDY This study is designed to investigate the estrogenic potential of standardized ethanolic extract of Saraca asoca flowers (SAF) using ovariectomized (OVX) female albino Wistar rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saraca asoca flowers were extracted in ethanol using hot maceration technique and the extract was standardized in terms of content of four phytoestrogens like quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol and luteolin using HPTLC technique. Safety of the extract was evaluated at a dose of 2000mg/kg body weight in female albino Wistar rats as per the OECD guidelines. Bilateral ovariectomy surgery was performed for the excision of both the ovaries. The OVX animals were treated with the ethanolic extract of SAF at three dose levels- 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight in distilled water as a vehicle, orally once a day for two weeks. Estradiol valerate was employed as a modern drug for comparative evaluation of the results. Estrogenic potency was studied by assaying the activities of serum and plasma marker enzymes and hormones viz. G6PDH, LDH, 17β-estradiol, progesterone along with cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL, and vaginal cornification. The uterotrophic effect was evaluated by studying the histoarchitecture of the uterus, effect on uterine weight and changes in the levels of uterine glycogen content. RESULTS HPTLC revealed the presence of markers like quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol and luteolin from the ethanolic extract of SAF. The content of the four markers was found to be 1.543mg/g, 0.924mg/g, 4.481mg/g and 2.349mg/g, respectively. SAF extract was found to be safe at an oral dose of 2000mg/kg body weight in rats. Among the three doses administered to ovariectomized rats, treatment with high dose was found to be more efficacious when compared with ovariectomized rats. CONCLUSION The findings of this study firmly support the estrogenic potency of ethanolic extract of SAF which may be by the reason of phytoestrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Swar
- Herbal Research Lab, Ramnarain Ruia College, Matunga (East), Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Sunita Shailajan
- Herbal Research Lab, Ramnarain Ruia College, Matunga (East), Mumbai 400019, India.
| | - Sasikumar Menon
- Institute for Advanced Training and Research in Interdisciplinary Sciences, Plot No. 194, Scheme No. 6, Road no. 15, Sion Koliwada (Sion East), Mumbai 400022, India
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Jeong SY, Ahn HN, Bae GU, Chang M, Liu X, Rhee HK, Lee J, Chin YW, Oh SR, Song YS. Isoguaiacins, Arylnaphthalene Types Identified as Novel Potent Estrogenic Signaling Molecules from Larrea nitida. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yeon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul 140-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-na Ahn
- College of Pharmacy; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul 140-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Un Bae
- College of Pharmacy; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul 140-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Minsun Chang
- Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul 140-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Xiyuan Liu
- Graduate School of Life Systems Sciences; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul 140-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Rhee
- Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Science; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul 140-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Joongku Lee
- International Biological Material Research Center; KRIBB; Daejeon 305-806 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy; Dongguk University-Seoul; Goyang 410-820 Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- Natural Medicine Research Center; KRIBB; ChungBuk 363-883 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Seon Song
- College of Pharmacy; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul 140-742 Republic of Korea
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Aumsuwan P, Khan SI, Khan IA, Avula B, Walker LA, Helferich WG, Katzenellenbogen BS, Dasmahapatra AK. Evaluation of wild yam (Dioscorea villosa) root extract as a potential epigenetic agent in breast cancer cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2014; 51:59-71. [PMID: 25148825 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-014-9807-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of wild yam root extract (WYRE) as a potential demethylating agent using two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 (estrogen receptor positive; ER(+)) and MDA-MB-231 (Estrogen receptor negative; ER(-)), and a methylated gene, GATA3, as a potential marker of breast cancer development. The cells were treated with WYRE (0-50 μg/mL) for 72 h and used for viability, mRNA, and methylation analyses. WYRE significantly reduced viability of both cell lines and enhanced mRNA content of GATA3 in a concentration-dependent manner; however, DNMT mRNAs (DNMT1, 3A, 3B) were found to increase significantly only in MDA-MB-231 cells. Global DNA methylation, analyzed as 5'-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), showed a concentration-dependent enhancement of 5-mC with no alteration in 5-hmC level in MCF-7 cells; however, in MDA-MB-231 cells, in contrast to MCF-7 cells, 5-mC remained unaltered but 5-hmC reduced significantly in all WYRE concentrations (10-50 μg/mL) used in this study. Since 5-hmC is generated from 5-mC by ten-eleven-translocation (TET) enzymes, analysis of TET mRNAs (TET1, TET2, and TET3) in MDA-MB-231 cells indicated a concentration-dependent reduction in TET1 and induction of TET3; however, TET2 remained unaltered. No alterations in any of the TET mRNAs were found in MCF-7 cells. Methylation analysis of GATA3 promoter at specific locus indicates probable demethylating activity of WYRE in MDA-MB-231 cells. We conclude that activation of GATA3 gene in ER(-) MDA-MB-231 cells may occur by altering DNA methylation pattern on the promoter region which may be different from the mechanisms operated in ER(+) MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranapda Aumsuwan
- National Center for Natural Product Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
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Ahn HN, Jeong SY, Bae GU, Chang M, Zhang D, Liu X, Pei Y, Chin YW, Lee J, Oh SR, Song YS. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulation by Larrea nitida on MCF-7 Cell Proliferation and Immature Rat Uterus. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 22:347-54. [PMID: 25143815 PMCID: PMC4131523 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Larrea nitida is a plant that belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family and is widely used in South America to treat inflammatory diseases, tumors and menstrual pain. However, its pharmacological activity remains unclear. In this study we evaluated the property of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) of Larrea nitida extracts (LNE) as a phytoestrogen that can mimic, modulate or disrupt the actions of endogenous estrogens, depending on the tissue and relative amount of other SERMs. To investigate the property of SERM of LNE, we performed MCF-7 cell proliferation assays, estrogen response element (ERE)-luciferase reporter gene assay, human estrogen receptor (hER) binding assays and in vivo uterotrophic assay. To gain insight into the active principles, we performed a bioassay-guided analysis of LNE employing solvents of various polarities and using classical column chromatography, which yielded 16 fractions (LNs). LNE showed high binding affinities for hERα and hERβ with IC50 values of 1.20 ×10−7 g/ml and 1.00×10−7 g/ml, respectively. LNE induced 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced MCF-7 cell proliferation, however, it reduced the proliferation in the presence of E2. Furthermore, LNE had an atrophic effect in the uterus of immature rats through reducing the expression level of progesterone receptor (PR) proteins. LN08 and LN10 had more potent affinities for binding on hER α and β than other fractions. Our results indicate that LNE had higher binding affinities for hERβ than hERα, and showed SERM properties in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the rat uterus. LNE may be useful for the treatment of estrogen-related conditions, such as female cancers and menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Na Ahn
- College of Pharmacy, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742
| | - Si-Yeon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742
| | - Gyu-Un Bae
- College of Pharmacy, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742
| | - Minsun Chang
- Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742
| | - Xiyuan Liu
- Department of Medical and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742
| | - Yihua Pei
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Cheongwon 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Cheongwon 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Joongku Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 410-820
| | - Sei-Ryang Oh
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806
| | - Yun Seon Song
- College of Pharmacy, College of Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742
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Monascus purpureus-fermented products and oral cancer: a review. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 93:1831-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-3891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hsu WH, Lee BH, Pan TM. Effects of red mold dioscorea on oral carcinogenesis in DMBA-induced hamster animal model. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:1292-7. [PMID: 21419818 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Monascus-fermented products offer valuable therapeutic benefits and have been extensively used for centuries in East Asia. Dioscorea has been proved to have anti-cancer effect. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-tumor ability of the ethanol extract of red mold dioscorea (RMDE) on 7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. We induced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the buccal pouch of male Syrian golden hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA three times a week for 14 weeks. From 9 to 14 weeks, a dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg RMDE per kg body weight were painting with the hamsters for 6 weeks on days alternate to the DMBA application. The results demonstrated that RMDE decreased nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) overexpression in hamster buccal pouches in the DMBA treatment group and increased p53, serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to significantly stimulate caspase-8 and -3 activities, indicating that RMDE reduced oxidative damage causing by DMBA and induced apoptosis in oral cancer cells. Therefore, RMDE may have therapeutic potentials against OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsuan Hsu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Hsu WH, Lee BH, Pan TM. Red mold dioscorea-induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis in human oral cancer cells. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2010; 90:2709-2715. [PMID: 20812379 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monascus-fermented products are among the most commonly used traditional food supplements. Dioscorea is known to exhibit anticancer properties. In this study the effects of the ethanol extract of red mold dioscorea (RMDE) on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in human oral cancer cells were investigated. RESULTS RMDE exercised growth inhibition on squamous cell carcinoma-25 (SCC-25) cells. RMDE-mediated G2/M phase arrest was associated with the down-regulation of NF-κB, resulting in the inhibition of cyclin B1 and CDK1 expression; this may be the mechanism by which RMDE inhibits cancer cells. Furthermore, the proapoptotic activity of RMDE was revealed by the Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining assay. In addition, the proapoptotic effect of RMDE was evident by the inhibition of Bax expression in the mitochondria, resulting in the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and subsequent triggering of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. RMDE also enhanced caspase-8 activity, indicating the involvement of the death receptor pathway in RMDE-mediated SCC-25 cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION RMDE treatment inhibited the growth of SCC-25 cells by arresting cell cycle at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Therefore RMDE may be a good candidate for development as a dietary supplement against oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsuan Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hsu WH, Lee BH, Pan TM. Protection of Monascus-fermented dioscorea against DMBA-induced oral injury in hamster by anti-inflammatory and antioxidative potentials. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:6715-6720. [PMID: 20446737 DOI: 10.1021/jf100889w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Monascus -fermented products offer valuable therapeutic benefits and have been extensively used in East Asia. This study investigated the prevention of oral tumor formation and antioxidative ability of the ethanol extracts from red mold dioscorea (RMDE) on 7,12-dimethyl-1,2-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis. The HBP was painted with DMBA three times per week for 14 weeks, and animals were painted with celecoxib, RMDE (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of bw), and ethanol extracts from dioscorea (200 mg/kg of bw) on days alternate to the DMBA application. The results demonstrated that RMDE attenuated tumor formation by elevating the antioxidase activity and suppressing the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, prostaglandin E(2), and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the HBP caused by DMBA induction. These results indicated that RMDE exerted anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activity to prevent oral cancer. Therefore, the metabolite from Monascus fermentation may serve as a possible functional edible substance for the prevention of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsuan Hsu
- Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, No 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lee DY, Kim DH, Lee HJ, Lee Y, Ryu KH, Jung BI, Song YS, Ryu JH. New estrogenic compounds isolated from Broussonetia kazinoki. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:3764-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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