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Lu Q, Xu J, Jiang H, Wei Q, Huang R, Huang G. The bone-protective mechanisms of active components from TCM drugs in rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1000865. [PMID: 36386147 PMCID: PMC9641143 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1000865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease whose hallmarks are synovial inflammation and irreversible bone destruction. Bone resorption resulting from osteoclasts involves the whole immune and bone systems. Breakdown of bone remodeling is attributed to overactive immune cells that produce large quantities of cytokines, upregulated differentiation of osteoclasts with enhanced resorptive activities, suppressed differentiation of osteoblasts, invading fibroblasts and microbiota dysbiosis. Despite the mitigation of inflammation, the existing treatment in Western medicine fails to prevent bone loss during disease progression. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for thousands of years in RA treatment, showing great efficacy in bone preservation. The complex components from the decoctions and prescriptions exhibit various pharmacological activities. This review summarizes the research progress that has been made in terms of the bone-protective effect of some representative compounds from TCM drugs and proposes the substantial mechanisms involved in bone metabolism to provide some clues for future studies. These active components systemically suppress bone destruction via inhibiting joint inflammation, osteoclast differentiation, and fibroblast proliferation. Neutrophil, gut microenvironment and microRNA has been proposed as future focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haixu Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuzhu Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Runyue Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guangrui Huang, ; Runyue Huang,
| | - Guangrui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Guangrui Huang, ; Runyue Huang,
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2
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Yu C, Liu H, Guo C, Chen Q, Su Y, Guo H, Hou X, Zhao F, Fan H, Xu H, Zhao Y, Mu X, Wang G, Xu H, Chen D. Dextran sulfate-based MMP-2 enzyme-sensitive SR-A receptor targeting nanomicelles for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:454-465. [PMID: 35119317 PMCID: PMC8855847 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2032482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an ordinarily occurring autoimmune disease with systemic inflammatory. Targeted drug delivery systems have many successful applications in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. In order to develop nanoparticles for targeted delivery of Celastrol (Cel) to rheumatoid arthritis and specific drug release, the dextran sulfate (DS) was modified as the targeting molecular by binding to the scavenger receptor of macrophage. The dextran-sulfate-PVGLIG-celastrol (DS-PVGLIG-Cel), named DPC, amphiphilic polymeric prodrug was synthesized and characterized. The resulting DPC@Cel micelles had the average size of 189.9 nm. Moreover, the micelles had ultrahigh entrapment efficiency (about 44.04%) and zeta potential of −11.91 mV. In the in vitro release study, due to the excessive production of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) at the inflammatory joint, the MMP-2 reactive peptide was used to crack in the inflammatory microenvironment to accelerate the release of Cel. The results have shown that the nanoparticles can effectively deliver Cel to activated macrophages and significantly improve the bioavailability. In vivo experiments showed that DPC@Cel have better anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects and lower systemic toxicity than free Cel. This study provided a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Chunjing Guo
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Yanguo Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoya Hou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Huaying Fan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Mu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daquan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China
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3
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Zhao X, Huang C, Su M, Ran Y, Wang Y, Yin Z. Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Celastrol-Loaded : Bilirubin Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. AAPS J 2021; 24:14. [PMID: 34907482 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00636-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Celastrol (CLT) has shown anti-rheumatic activity against rheumatoid arthritis, while its poor water solubility and high organ toxicity restrict its further therapeutic applications. To mitigate these challenges, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive nanoparticle was developed for celastrol delivery based on the excessive ROS at the pathologic sites, which was synthesized by conjugating bilirubin to a polyethylene glycol (PEG) chain. The PEGylated bilirubin self-assembled into nanoparticle (BRNP) in aqueous solution had a hydrodynamic diameter of around 68.6 nm, and celastrol was loaded into BRNP (CLT/BRNP) with a drug encapsulation efficiency of 72.6% and a loading capacity of 6.6%. In vitro study revealed that CLT/BRNP exhibited the capacity of scavenging intracellular ROS and down-regulating the level of nitric oxide after it was effectively internalized by activated macrophages. Furthermore, in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats, BRNP was accumulated preferentially at inflamed joints, alleviating the joint swelling and bone erosion, which significantly decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines to suppress the RA progression. Importantly, CLT/BRNP markedly enhanced its anti-arthritic effect and attenuated the toxic effect compared with free celastrol. Taken together, our results suggested that CLT/BRNP could be used for targeted drug delivery in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chengyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Meiling Su
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu Ran
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zongning Yin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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4
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Zhang Y, Mao X, Li W, Chen W, Wang X, Ma Z, Lin N. Tripterygium wilfordii: An inspiring resource for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:1337-1374. [PMID: 33296090 DOI: 10.1002/med.21762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF)-based therapy is among the most efficient and crucial therapeutics for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which indicates that TwHF is a potential source of novel anti-RA drugs. However, accumulating studies have observed that TwHF-based therapy induces multi-organ toxicity, which prevents the wide use of this herb in clinical practice, although several recent studies have attempted to reduce the toxicity of TwHF. Notably, our research group developed a "Clinical Practice Guideline for Tripterygium Glycosides/Tripterygium wilfordii Tablets in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis" (No. T/CACM 1337-2020) approved by the China Association of Chinese Medicine to standardize the clinical application of TwHF-based therapy and thus avoid adverse effects. Although great strides have been made toward the characterization of TwHF-based therapy and revealing its underlying pharmacological and toxicological mechanisms, several crucial gaps in knowledge remain as potential barriers to enhance its therapeutic effects on the premise of safety assurance. This review offers a global view of TwHF, ranging from its chemical constituents, quality control, clinical observations, and underlying pharmacological mechanisms to toxic manifestations and mechanisms. We focus on the important and emerging aspects of this field and highlight the major challenges and strategies for using novel techniques and approaches to gain new insights into unresolved questions. We hope that this review will improve the understanding of TwHF application and draw increasing interdisciplinary attention from clinicians that practice both Chinese and Western medicine, basic researchers, and computer scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Mao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaochen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Lin
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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Momtaz AZ, Ahumada Sabagh AD, Gonzalez Amortegui JG, Salazar SA, Finessi A, Hernandez J, Christensen S, Serbus LR. A Role for Maternal Factors in Suppressing Cytoplasmic Incompatibility. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:576844. [PMID: 33240234 PMCID: PMC7680759 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.576844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolbachia are maternally transmitted bacterial endosymbionts, carried by approximately half of all insect species. Wolbachia prevalence in nature stems from manipulation of host reproduction to favor the success of infected females. The best known reproductive modification induced by Wolbachia is referred to as sperm-egg Cytoplasmic Incompatibility (CI). In CI, the sperm of Wolbachia-infected males cause embryonic lethality, attributed to paternal chromatin segregation defects during early mitotic divisions. Remarkably, the embryos of Wolbachia-infected females “rescue” CI lethality, yielding egg hatch rates equivalent to uninfected female crosses. Several models have been discussed as the basis for Rescue, and functional evidence indicates a major contribution by Wolbachia CI factors. A role for host contributions to Rescue remains largely untested. In this study, we used a chemical feeding approach to test for CI suppression capabilities by Drosophila simulans. We found that uninfected females exhibited significantly higher CI egg hatch rates in response to seven chemical treatments that affect DNA integrity, cell cycle control, and protein turnover. Three of these treatments suppressed CI induced by endogenous wRi Wolbachia, as well as an ectopic wMel Wolbachia infection. The results implicate DNA integrity as a focal aspect of CI suppression for different Wolbachia strains. The framework presented here, applied to diverse CI models, will further enrich our understanding of host reproductive manipulation by insect endosymbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajm Zehadee Momtaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Abraham D Ahumada Sabagh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Julian G Gonzalez Amortegui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Samuel A Salazar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Andrea Finessi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Jethel Hernandez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Steen Christensen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Laura R Serbus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States.,Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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6
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An L, Li Z, Shi L, Wang L, Wang Y, Jin L, Shuai X, Li J. Inflammation-Targeted Celastrol Nanodrug Attenuates Collagen-Induced Arthritis through NF-κB and Notch1 Pathways. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:7728-7736. [PMID: 32965124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c03279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disorder which can cause bone and cartilage damage leading to disability, yet the treatment remains unsatisfactory nowadays. Celastrol (Cel) has shown antirheumatic activity against RA. However, the frequent parenteral delivery and poor water solubility of Cel restrict its further therapeutic applications. Here, aiming at effectively overcoming the poor water solubility and short half-life of Cel to boost its beneficial effects for treating RA, we developed a polymeric micelle for Cel delivery based on a reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensitive polymer. Our results demonstrated that Cel may inhibit the repolarization of macrophages toward the pro-inflammatory M1 pheno-type via regulating the NF-κB and Notch1 pathways, which resulted in significantly decreased secretion of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines to suppress the RA progression. Consequently, the Cel-loaded micelle effectively alleviated the major RA-associated symptoms including articular scores, ankle thickness, synovial inflammation, bone erosion, and cartilage degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemei An
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhanrong Li
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Liuqi Shi
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Liujun Wang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yong Wang
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jingguo Li
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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7
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Tang Y, Liu Q, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Xu Z, Wen C, Zhang Y. Tripterygium Ingredients for Pathogenicity Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:583171. [PMID: 33123015 PMCID: PMC7567162 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.583171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease mainly characterized by chronic polyarthritis. Many types of cells play pivotal roles in the pathogenicity of RA, such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), osteoclasts (OCs), and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f. (TwHf) and its ingredients are able to control disease activity by regulating the functions of cells mentioned above, and the clinical studies have highlighted the importance of TwHf ingredients in RA treatment. They have been demonstrated to improve the RA symptoms of animal models and patients. In this review, we discussed the effect of TwHf ingredients on pathogenicity cells, including disease/cell phenotypes and molecular mechanisms. Here, we constructed a cell-cell interaction network to visualize the effect of TwHf ingredients. We found that TwHf ingredients could inhibit the differentiation and proliferation of the pathogenicity cells. Besides, the components could decrease the levels of pathogenicity cytokines [i.e., interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)]. Many signaling pathways are involved in the underlying mechanisms, such as PI3K, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Tang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuping Liu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Feng
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghao Xu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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8
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Xinqiang S, Erqin D, Yu Z, Hongtao D, Lei W, Ningning Y. Potential mechanisms of action of celastrol against rheumatoid arthritis: Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233814. [PMID: 32726313 PMCID: PMC7390347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical efficacy for treating of celastrol rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been well-documented, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. Here we explored through what proteins and processes celastrol may act in activated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients. Differential expression of genes and proteins after celastrol treatment of FLS was examined using RNA sequencing, label-free relatively quantitative proteomics and molecular docking. In this paper, expression of 26,565 genes and 3,372 proteins was analyzed. Celastrol was associated with significant changes in genes that respond to oxidative stress and oxygen levels, as well as genes that stabilize or synthesize components of the extracellular matrix. These results identify several potential mechanisms through which celastrol may inhibit inflammation in RA.
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MESH Headings
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Gene Ontology
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Humans
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Docking Simulation
- Pentacyclic Triterpenes
- Proteomics/methods
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Synoviocytes/drug effects
- Synoviocytes/metabolism
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Transcriptome/drug effects
- Triterpenes/pharmacology
- Triterpenes/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xinqiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang, China
- * E-mail: (SX); (YN)
| | - Dai Erqin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Zhang Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Du Hongtao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Wang Lei
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Yang Ningning
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
- * E-mail: (SX); (YN)
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9
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Song X, Zhang Y, Dai E. Therapeutic targets of thunder god vine (Tripterygium wilfordii hook) in rheumatoid arthritis (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2303-2310. [PMID: 32323812 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol and triptolide, chemical compounds isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii hook (also known as thunder god vine), are effective against rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Celastrol targets numerous signaling pathways involving NF‑κB, endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‑ATPase, myeloid differentiation factor 2, toll‑like receptor 4, pro‑inflammatory chemokines, DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Triptolide, inhibits NF‑κB, the receptor activator of NF‑κB (RANK)/RANK ligand/osteoprotegerin signaling pathway, cyclooxygenase‑2, matrix metalloproteases and cytokines. The present review examined the chemistry and bioavailability of celastrol and triptolide, and their molecular targets in treating RA. Clinical studies have demonstrated that T. wilfordii has several promising bioactivities, but its multi‑target toxicity has restricted its application. Thus, dosage control and structural modification of T. wilfordii are required to reduce the toxicity. In this review, future directions for research into these promising natural products are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Erqin Dai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
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10
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Zhang Q, Liu J, Zhang M, Wei S, Li R, Gao Y, Peng W, Wu C. Apoptosis Induction of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes Is an Important Molecular-Mechanism for Herbal Medicine along with its Active Components in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120795. [PMID: 31795133 PMCID: PMC6995542 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a known chronic autoimmune disease can cause joint deformity and even loss of joint function. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), one of the main cell types in synovial tissues of RA patients, are key effector cells in the development of RA and are considered as promising therapeutic targets for treating RA. Herbal medicines are precious resources for finding novel agents for treating various diseases including RA. It is reported that induction of apoptosis in FLS is an important mechanism for the herbal medicines to treat RA. Consequently, this paper reviewed the current available references on pro-apoptotic effects of herbal medicines on FLS and summarized the related possible signal pathways. Taken together, the main related signal pathways are concluded as death receptors mediated apoptotic pathway, mitochondrial dependent apoptotic pathway, NF-κB mediated apoptotic pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) mediated apoptotic pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) mediated apoptotic pathway, PI3K-Akt mediated apoptotic pathway, and other reported pathways such as janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) signal pathway. Understanding the apoptosis induction pathways in FLS of these herbal medicines will not only help clear molecular mechanisms of herbal medicines for treating RA but also be beneficial for finding novel candidate therapeutic drugs from natural herbal medicines. Thus, we expect the present review will highlight the importance of herbal medicines and its components for treating RA via induction of apoptosis in FLS, and provide some directions for the future development of these mentioned herbal medicines as anti-RA drugs in clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (R.L.)
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (R.L.)
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (R.L.)
| | - Shujun Wei
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ruolan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (R.L.)
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.)
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.P.); (C.W.); Tel.: +86-028-61801001 (W.P. & C.W.)
| | - Chunjie Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (R.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.P.); (C.W.); Tel.: +86-028-61801001 (W.P. & C.W.)
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11
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Li XZ, Zhang SN. Herbal compounds for rheumatoid arthritis: Literatures review and cheminformatics prediction. Phytother Res 2019; 34:51-66. [PMID: 31515874 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease characterized by autoimmunity, joint inflammation, and cartilage destruction, which affects 0.5-1% of the population. Many compounds from herbal medicines show the potentials to treat RA. On this basis, the compounds with good pharmacokinetic behaviors and drug-likeness properties will be further studied and developed. Therefore, the herbal compounds with anti-RA activities were reviewed in this paper, and the cheminformatics tools were used to predict their drug-likeness properties and pharmacokinetic parameters. A total of 90 herbal compounds were analyzed, which were reported to be effective on RA models through anti-inflammation, chondroprotection, immunoregulation, antiangiogenesis, and antioxidation. Most of the herbal compounds have good drug-likeness properties. Most of the compounds can be an alternative and valuable source for anti-RA drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Zhao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guian New Area, PR China
| | - Shuai-Nan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guian New Area, PR China
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12
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Research Progress on the Animal Models of Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Current Status and Further Perspectives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1283824. [PMID: 31119149 PMCID: PMC6500714 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1283824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major concern in clinical studies as well as in postmarketing surveillance. It is necessary to establish an animal model of DILI for thorough investigation of mechanisms of DILI and searching for protective medications. This article reviews the current status and future perspective on establishment of DILI models based on different hepatotoxic drugs, as well as the underlying mechanisms of liver function damage induced by specific medicine. Therefore, information from this article can help researchers make a suitable selection of animal models for further study.
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13
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Feng Z, Zhou C, Dong S, Liu Z, Liu T, Zhou L, Zhou X. Catalpol and panax notoginseng saponins synergistically alleviate triptolide-induced hepatotoxicity through Nrf2/ARE pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 56:141-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Zhou L, Zhou C, Feng Z, Liu Z, Zhu H, Zhou X. Triptolide-induced hepatotoxicity can be alleviated when combined with Panax notoginseng saponins and Catapol. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 214:232-239. [PMID: 29277608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The hepatotoxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (TW), due to the presence of triptolide (TP), limits its therapeutic potential. Based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory, the theory of "Yi lei xiang zhi" was proposed that Chinese herbs with different efficacy can restrict each other to achieve the least adverse reactions. AIM OF THE STUDY To observe the effects of Catapol (CAT) and Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), active ingredients in Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) and Panax notoginseng (PN) respectively, on reducing TP-induced hepatotoxicity, and further to explore the mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The human hepatic cell line L-02 was cultured and treated with CAT, PNS or Combinations, and then treated with TP. The cytotoxic assay, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential and the expressions of NF-E2-related factor 1 (Nrf1) and its downstream targets were detected. Rats were treated with TP, TP + CAT, TP + PNS, or the combinations for 4 weeks. The levels of ALT, AST and LDH in serum, apoptosis of liver cells, mitochondria injury and the protein expressions of Caspase 3 and Nrf1 were investigated. RESULTS CAT, PNS or CAT+PNS pre-treatment inhibited TP-induced toxicity in L-02 cells, distinctly decreased the apoptosis, alleviated the reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, and modulated the expressions of Nrf1 and its downstream target, the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and cytochrome C (Cyt-C). CAT, PNS or CAT+PNS inhibited the TP-induced hepatotoxicity in SD rats by reducing the mitochondria injury, decreasing the cells apoptosis and increasing the Nrf1 protein expression. Noticeably, TP + PNS + CAT combinations exhibited more effective than any single ingredient alone. CONCLUSION PNS and CAT were able to effectively attenuate TP-induced hepatotoxicity. The efficiency benefits from their modulating Nrf1 and its downstream genes TFAM and Cyt-C, and further influencing mitochondrial functions and cells apoptosis. The combination is more effective than single ingredient alone.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Biomarkers/blood
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/blood
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/prevention & control
- Cytochromes c/metabolism
- Cytoprotection
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Diterpenes
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Epoxy Compounds
- Female
- Humans
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects
- Mitochondria, Liver/drug effects
- Mitochondria, Liver/metabolism
- Mitochondria, Liver/pathology
- Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism
- NF-E2-Related Factor 1/metabolism
- Panax/chemistry
- Phenanthrenes
- Phytotherapy
- Plants, Medicinal
- Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/pharmacology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Saponins/isolation & purification
- Saponins/pharmacology
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Material Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Cong Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Material Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Wuxi No.9 People's Hospital, Soochow University & Wuxi Hand Surgery Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214062, PR China
| | - Zhe Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zhangpu Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Material Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Huaxu Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Material Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xueping Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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15
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Su Z, Sun H, Ao M, Zhao C. Atomic Force Microscopy Study of the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Triptolide on Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2017; 23:1002-1012. [PMID: 28743324 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927617012399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used for the in situ evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of triptolide on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) to understand the anti-RA effects of triptolide, based on the morphological and biophysical changes observed in RA-FLS. RA-FLS have been reported to play a primary role in inflammatory bone destruction during the development of RA and thus are regarded as an important target for RA treatment. Triptolide pretreatment significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-induced expression of the interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 genes in MH7A cells. Using AFM, we showed that triptolide-induced morphological damage in MH7A cells by inducing significant ultrastructure changes in the membrane, which were closely related to triptolide-induced apoptosis in MH7A cells. Using force measurements determined with AFM, triptolide was shown to increase the stiffness of MH7A cells. These findings not only revealed the strong anti-inflammatory effects of triptolide on RA-FLS, highlighting triptolide as a potential anti-RA agent, but also revealed the possible use of AFM for studying anti-inflammatory responses in RA-FLS, which we expect to be developed into a potential tool for anti-RA drug studies in RA-FLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhui Su
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Han Sun
- Chengde Nursing Vocational College, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Man Ao
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Chunying Zhao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, China
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16
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High-Throughput Study of the Effects of Celastrol on Activated Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8090221. [PMID: 28878153 PMCID: PMC5615354 DOI: 10.3390/genes8090221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Celastrol, a natural triterpene, exhibits potential anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to investigate its biological effect on activated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The primary FLSs of the synovial tissues were obtained from synovial biopsies of patients with RA. The normal human FLS line (HFLS) was used as a control. After the RA–FLSs and HFLSs were treated with or without celastrol, various approaches, including the WST-1 assay, transwell assay, real-time PCR and ELISA analysis, were performed to estimate proliferation, invasion and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines of the RA–FLSs. Microarray analysis was performed to screen for differentially expressed genes in RA–FLSs before and after celastrol treatment. The results showed that treatment of celastrol attenuated both the proliferation and invasion of the RA–FLSs. The expression of several chemokine genes, including CCL2, CXCL10, CXCL12, CCR2 and CXCR4, was significantly changed after celastrol treatment. The genes involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway appeared to be regulated by celastrol.
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17
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Celastrol and Its Role in Controlling Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 928:267-289. [PMID: 27671821 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Celastrol, a triterpenoid derived from traditional Chinese medicinal plants, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Celastrol has shown preventive/therapeutic effects in experimental models of several chronic diseases. These include, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis), neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), atherosclerosis, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Celastrol modulates intricate cellular pathways and networks associated with disease pathology, and it interrupts or redirects the aberrant cellular and molecular events so as to limit disease progression and facilitate recovery, where feasible. The major cell signaling pathways modulated by celastrol include the NF-kB pathway, MAPK pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Furthermore, celastrol modulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, proteasome activity, heat-shock protein response, innate and adaptive immune responses, angiogenesis, and bone remodeling. Current understanding of the mechanisms of action of celastrol and information about its disease-modulating activities in experimental models have set the stage for testing celastrol in clinical studies as a therapeutic agent for several chronic human diseases.
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18
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Zhang Y, Bao J, Wang K, Jia X, Zhang C, Huang B, Chen M, Wan JB, Su H, Wang Y, He C. Pulsatilla Saponin D Inhibits Autophagic Flux and Synergistically Enhances the Anticancer Activity of Chemotherapeutic Agents Against HeLa Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 43:1657-70. [PMID: 26732119 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulsatilla saponin D (SB365), a saponin isolated from rhizoma of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel, exhibited anticancer activities in various cancer types. In the present study, we identified that SB365 was a potent inhibitor of autophagic flux in several cancer cell lines. SB365 induced a robust accumulation of autophagosomes as evidenced by monodansylaervarine (MDC) staining and increased protein levels of LC3-II. However, SB365 caused the accumulation of p62, a substrate that should be degraded through the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. These results indicated that SB365 was an inducer of autophagosome formation, but an inhibitor of autophagic flux. Interestingly, we found that SB365 synergistically enhanced the anticancer activity of chemotherapeutic agents against cervical cancer HeLa cells. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that SB365 increased the phosphorylation of ERK and inhibited the phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6K, suggesting that their roles in the effects of SB365 on autophagy. These results suggest that SB365 could be a promising adjuvant anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zhang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jiaolin Bao
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Kai Wang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xuejing Jia
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Borong Huang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Huanxing Su
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Chengwei He
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
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19
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Venkatesha SH, Dudics S, Astry B, Moudgil KD. Control of autoimmune inflammation by celastrol, a natural triterpenoid. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftw059. [PMID: 27405485 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol is a bioactive compound derived from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs of the Celastraceae family. Celastrol is known to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Our studies have highlighted the immunomodulatory attributes of celastrol in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA), an experimental model of human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial lining of the joints, leading eventually to tissue damage and deformities. Identification of the molecular targets of celastrol such as the NF-κB pathway, MAPK pathway, JAK/STAT pathway and RANKL/OPG pathway has unraveled its strategic checkpoints in controlling arthritic inflammation and tissue damage in AA. The pathological events that are targeted and rectified by celastrol include increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines; an imbalance between pathogenic T helper 17 and regulatory T cells; enhanced production of chemokines coupled with increased migration of immune cells into the joints; and increased release of mediators of osteoclastic bone damage. Accordingly, celastrol is a promising candidate for further testing in the clinic for RA therapy. Furthermore, the results of other preclinical studies suggest that celastrol might also be beneficial for the treatment of a few other autoimmune diseases besides arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaprasad H Venkatesha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Steven Dudics
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Brian Astry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kamal D Moudgil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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20
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Wang CZ, Zhang CF, Chen L, Anderson S, Lu F, Yuan CS. Colon cancer chemopreventive effects of baicalein, an active enteric microbiome metabolite from baicalin. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1749-58. [PMID: 26398706 PMCID: PMC4599184 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is a major constituent of Scutellaria baicalensis, which is a commonly used herbal medicine in many Asian countries. After oral ingestion, intestinal microbiota metabolism may change parent compound's structure and its biological activities. However, whether baicalin can be metabolized by enteric microbiota and the related anticancer activity is not clear. In this study, using human enteric microbiome incubation and HPLC analysis, we observed that baicalin can be quickly converted to baicalein. We compared the antiproliferative effects of baicalin and baicalein using a panel of human cancer cell lines, including three human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. In vitro antiproliferative effects on CRC cells were verified using an in vivo xenograft nude mouse model. Baicalin showed limited antiproliferative effects on some of these cancer cell lines. Baicalein, however, showed significant antiproliferative effects in all the tested cancer cell lines, especially on HCT-116 human colorectal cancer cells. In vivo antitumor results supported our in vitro data. We demonstrated that baicalein exerts potent S phase cell cycle arrest and pro-apoptotic effects in HCT-116 cells. Baicalein induced the activation of caspase 3 and 9. The in silico modeling suggested that baicalein forms hydrogen bonds with residues Ser251 and Asp253 at the active site of caspase 3, while interactions with residues Leu227 and Asp228 in caspase 9 through its hydroxyl groups. Data from this study suggested that baicalein is a potent anticancer metabolite derived from S. baicalensis. Enteric microbiota play a key role in the colon cancer chemoprevention of S. baicalensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Zhi Wang
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lina Chen
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Samantha Anderson
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Fang Lu
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Τang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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21
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Sun J, Yan P, Chen Y, Chen Y, Yang J, Xu G, Mao H, Qiu Y. MicroRNA-26b inhibits cell proliferation and cytokine secretion in human RASF cells via the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Diagn Pathol 2015; 10:72. [PMID: 26088648 PMCID: PMC4472173 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-015-0309-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic auto- immune disease characterized by joint synovitis. Recent evidence suggests that rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) promote joint destruction. In this study, we investigated the role of microRNA-26b (miR-26b) in cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokine secretion using patient-derived Rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocyte (RAFLS) to understand pathways influencing rheumatoid arthritis. Methods RAFLS were cultured in vitro and transfected with miR-26b mimics (experimental group) and negative sequence (control group). The protein levels of Wnt4, Wnt5ɑ, GSK-3β, CyclinD1, Ser9-GSK-3β and β-catenin were detected by western blot analysis. Tumor Necrosis Factor-ɑ (TNF-ɑ), IL- 1β, and IL-6 levels were quantified by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RAFLS proliferation and apoptosis were measured by 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Results GSK-3β and CyclinD1 expression levels were lower in miR-26b mimic group compared to Mock group and negative control (NC) group. Conversely, GSK-3β and CyclinD1 expression levels were markedly higher in the miR-26b inhibitor group compared to Mock and NC group (P < 0.05). Transfection of miR-26b mimics significantly increased the, levels of Ser9-GSK-3β and β-catenin in comparison to Mock and NC groups, while transfection of miR-26b inhibitors showed the opposite effect. In miR-26b mimic group, TNF-α, IL- 1β and IL-6 levels were lower than the Mock and NC groups, while in miR-26b inhibitor group, these cytokine levels were higher than the Mock and NC groups (P < 0.05). Transfection of miR-26b mimics significantly reduced the cell proliferation of RAFLS, compared to the Mock and NC groups, and miR-26b inhibitors increased the proliferative capacity of RAFLS compared to Mock and NC groups (P < 0.05). The miR-26b mimic group exhibited higher RAFLS apoptosis rate compared to Mock and NC group and miR-26b inhibitor group showed significantly lower RAFLS apoptosis rate compared to Mock and NC groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions MiR-26b regulates β-catenin and CyclinD1 levels by inhibiting GSK-3β expression, which in-turn alters the Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway to lower RAFLS proliferation and elevate cell apoptosis and the secretion of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines. Therefore, our results show that miR-26B plays a central role in inhibiting the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Virtual Slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/9063056861547150
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiling Sun
- Nursing Office, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Yan
- Department of Rheumatology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanzheng Chen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital, North of Yimeng Road, Lanshan District, Linyi, 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Jianxun Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital, North of Yimeng Road, Lanshan District, Linyi, 276000, P. R. China.
| | - Guangyue Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China.
| | - Haijun Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, P. R. China.
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22
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Si Y, Guo S, Fang Y, Qin S, Li F, Zhang Y, Jiao P, Zhang C, Gao L. Celery Seed Extract Blocks Peroxide Injury in Macrophages via Notch1/NF-κB Pathway. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:443-55. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophage foam cell formation and injury is one of the major atherogenic factors. This study is aimed to investigate the protective effect of celery seed extract (CSE) on ox-LDL-induced injury of macrophages and the underlying signaling pathway. RAW264.7 macrophages were pre-incubated with CSE for 24 h, followed by stimulation with ox-LDL. Oil red O staining and enzymatic colorimetry indicated CSE significantly lessened lipid droplets and total cholesterol (TC) content in ox-LDL-injured macrophages. ELISA revealed that CSE decreased the secretion of inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and IL-6 by 12–27% and 5–15% respectively. MTT assay showed CSE promoted cell viability by 16–40%. Cell apoptosis was also analyzed by flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscope and the data indicated CSE inhibited ox-LDL-induced apoptosis of macrophages. Meanwhile, western blot analysis showed CSE suppressed NF-κBp65 and notch1 protein expressions stimulated by ox-LDL in macrophages. These results suggest that CSE inhibits ox-LDL-induced macrophages injury via notch1/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Si
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Shoudong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong and Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Yongqi Fang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Shucun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong and Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Furong Li
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong and Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong and Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong and Institute of Atherosclerosis, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Chunduo Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Linlin Gao
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Shandong, China
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23
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Wang S, Chen R, Zhong Z, Shi Z, Chen M, Wang Y. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate potentiates the effect of curcumin in inducing growth inhibition and apoptosis of resistant breast cancer cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 42:1279-300. [PMID: 25242081 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains an on-going challenge in breast cancer chemotherapy. Combination of two or more drugs is an effective strategy to access context-specific multiple targets and overcome undesirable toxicity that is almost inevitable in single-drug chemotherapy. Many plant food-derived polyphenolic compounds have been proven to modulate many key factors responsible for cancer drug resistance, which makes them a promising group of low toxicity candidates for reversing cancer resistance. In this study, we analyzed the combination effect of two chemopreventive polyphenols, curcumin (Cur) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), in combating resistant breast cancer. Our present results showed that EGCG significantly enhanced the growth inhibition and apoptosis in both doxorubicin (DOX)-sensitive and resistant MCF-7 cells induced by Cur. The mechanism may be related to the further activation of caspase-dependent apoptotic signaling pathways and the enhanced cellular incorporation of Cur by inhibiting P-glycoprotein (P-gp) pump function. Moreover, Cur and EGCG in combination could enhance the toxicity of DOX and increase the intracellular level of DOX in resistant MCF-7 cells. Our findings with this practical combination of Cur and EGCG encourage us to move on to a promising strategy for successful treatment of human breast cancer resistance by combining two low-toxic chemotherapeutic agents from diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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24
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Yao W, Gu C, Shao H, Meng G, Wang H, Jing X, Zhang W. Tetrahydroxystilbene Glucoside Improves TNF-α-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction: Involvement of TGFβ/Smad Pathway and Inhibition of Vimentin Expression. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:183-98. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherogenesis. 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG), an active component of the rhizome extract from Polygonum multiflorum (PM), exhibits significant anti-atherosclerotic activity. Here, we used human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in vitro to investigate the cytoprotective effects of TSG on TNF-α-induced endothelial injury and the related mechanisms. Pretreatment with 50 and 100 μM TSG markedly attenuated TNF-α-induced loss of cell viability and release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and inhibited TNF-α-induced cell apoptosis. The inhibition of vimentin expression was involved in the cytoprotection afforded by TSG. Using inhibitors for PI3K and TGFβ or siRNA for Akt and Smad2, we found that vimentin production in HUVECs is regulated by TGFβ/Smad signaling, but not by PI3K–Akt–mTOR signaling. Meanwhile, TSG inhibited both the expression of TGFβ1 and the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, and TSG suppressed the nuclear translocation of Smad4 induced by TNF-α. These results suggest that TSG protects HUVECs against TNF-α-induced cell damage by inhibiting vimentin expression via the interruption of the TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengjing Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haoran Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoliang Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Jing
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Nantong University Medical College, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Li PP, He W, Yuan PF, Song SS, Lu JT, Wei W. Celastrol induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:137-48. [PMID: 25657108 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Celastrol is a natural terpenoid isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii, a well-known Chinese medicinal herb that presents anti-proliferative activities in several cancer cell lines. Here, we investigated whether celastrol induces apoptosis on hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells and further explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. Celastrol caused a dose- and time-dependent growth inhibition and apoptosis of Bel-7402 cells. It increased apoptosis through the up-regulation of Bax and the down-regulation of Bcl-2 in Bel-7402 cells. Moreover, celastrol induced the release of cytochrome c and increased the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, suggesting that celastrol-induced apoptosis was related to the mitochondrial pathway. These results indicated that celastrol could induce apoptosis in Bel-7402 cells, which may be associated with the activation of the mitochondria-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, P.R. China
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26
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Lunasin inhibits cell proliferation via apoptosis and reduces the production of proinflammatory cytokines in cultured rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:346839. [PMID: 25692134 PMCID: PMC4322854 DOI: 10.1155/2015/346839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lunasin, a peptide with 43 amino acid residues and initially isolated and identified in soybean cotyledon, has gained extensive attention due to its anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. However, its treatment efficacy on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and corresponding mechanisms have not been reported. Herein, the synovial fibroblasts harvested and isolated from patients with RA were treated with lunasin at various concentrations to examine the proliferation, apoptosis status, and corresponding cell cycle of cultured RA synovial fibroblasts. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanisms of lunasin for RA treatment are explored through Western blot, real-time PCR, ELISA, and luciferase reporter assays. Lunasin significantly inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of cultured RA synovial fibroblasts. In addition, lunasin reduced the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and suppressed the activation of NF-κB in cultured RA synovial fibroblasts but did not reveal obvious modulation on the secretion and gene expression of MMP-1. Therefore, lunasin will have promising potential as a novel nutritional supplement or drug candidate for RA due to its potency of suppressing synovial cell proliferation and decreasing the production of proinflammatory cytokines and MMPs in synovial cells.
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27
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Chen R, Zhang J, Hu Y, Wang S, Chen M, Wang Y. Potential antineoplastic effects of Aloe-emodin: a comprehensive review. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:275-88. [PMID: 24707862 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aloe-emodin (AE), a bioactive anthraquinone derived from both Aloe vera and Rheum officinale, has recently been demonstrated to have various pharmacological activities. With the widespread popularity of natural products, such as antineoplastic drugs, AE has attracted much attention due to its remarkable antineoplastic activity on multiple tumor cells involving multi-channel mechanisms, including the disruption of cell cycle, induction of apoptosis, anti-metastasis, antiangiogenic, and strengthening of immune function. Experimental data have revealed AE as a potentially potent anti-cancer candidate. Despite this, the pharmaceutical application of AE is still in a fledging period as most research has concentrated on the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of action of existing treatments, rather than the development of novel formulations. Therefore, the present review summarizes the potential toxicity, molecular mechanism, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and pharmaceutical development of AE as an antineoplastic agent. This is based on its physicochemical properties, in an attempt to encourage further research on AE as a potential anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
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28
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Chang YW, Zhao YF, Cao YL, Gu W, Pang J, Zhan HS. Bufalin exerts inhibitory effects on IL-1β-mediated proliferation and induces apoptosis in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Inflammation 2014; 37:1552-9. [PMID: 24752615 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9882-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RAFLSs) proliferate abnormally and resist apoptosis. Bufalin inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human cancer cells. In this study, we explored the effects of bufalin on interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)-induced proliferation and apoptosis of RAFLSs. The cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assay and annexin V/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Bufalin dose-dependently inhibited IL-1β-induced RAFLS proliferation. Mechanistically, bufalin decreased the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), both of which are involved in IL-1β-mediated RAFLS proliferation. Moreover, bufalin induced apoptosis and mitochondrial damage of RAFLSs, which was associated with Bcl-2 downregulation, Bax upregulation, mitochondrial cytochrome c release, and enhanced cleavages of caspase-3 and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Collectively, our results reveal that bufalin suppresses IL-1β-induced proliferation of RAFLSs through MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and induces RAFLS apoptosis via the mitochondria-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-wen Chang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China,
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29
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Xu WS, Li T, Wu GS, Dang YY, Hao WH, Chen XP, Lu JJ, Wang YT. Effects of furanodiene on 95-D lung cancer cells: apoptosis, autophagy and G1 phase cell cycle arrest. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:243-55. [PMID: 24467547 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Furanodiene (FUR) is a natural terpenoid isolated from Rhizoma curcumae, a well-known Chinese medicinal herb that presents anti-proliferative activities in several cancer cell lines. Herein, we systematically investigated the effects of FUR on the significant processes of tumor progression with the relatively low concentrations in 95-D lung cancer cells. FUR concentration-dependently inhibited cell proliferation and blocked the cell cycle progressions in G1 phase by down-regulating the protein levels of cyclin D1 and CDK6, and up-regulating those of p21 and p27 in 95-D cells. FUR also affected the signaling molecules that regulate apoptosis in 95-D cells revealed by the down-regulation of the protein levels of full PARP, pro-caspase-7, survivin, and Bcl-2, and the up-regulation of cleaved PARP. Further studies showed that FUR enhanced the expression of light chain 3-II (LC3-II) in the protein level, indicating that autophagy is involved in this process. Besides, the adhesion ability of 95-D cells to matrigel and fibronectin was slightly inhibited after FUR treatment for 1 h in our experimental condition. FUR also slightly suppressed cell migration and invasion in 95-D cells according to the data from wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Taken together, FUR activated the signal molecules regulating G1 cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy, while slightly affecting the key steps of cell metastasis in 95-D lung cancer cells in the relatively low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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30
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Chemopreventive effects of oplopantriol A, a novel compound isolated from Oplopanax horridus, on colorectal cancer. Nutrients 2014; 6:2668-80. [PMID: 25045937 PMCID: PMC4113763 DOI: 10.3390/nu6072668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oplopanax horridus is a North American botanical that has received limited investigations. We previously isolated over a dozen of the constituents from O. horridus, and among them oplopantriol A (OPT A) is a novel compound. In this study, we firstly evaluated the in vivo chemoprevention activities of OPT A using the xenograft colon cancer mouse model. Our data showed that this compound significantly suppressed tumor growth with dose-related effects (p < 0.01). Next, we characterized the compound's growth inhibitory effects in human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT-116 and SW-480. With OPT A treatment, these malignant cells were significantly inhibited in both a concentration- and time-dependent manner (both p < 0.01). The IC50 was approximately 5 µM for HCT-116 and 7 µM for SW-480 cells. OPT A significantly induced apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. From further mechanism explorations, our data showed that OPT A significantly upregulated the expression of a cluster of genes, especially the tumor necrosis factor receptor family and caspase family, suggesting that the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptotic pathway plays a key role in OPT A induced apoptosis.
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31
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Chen YC, Chang HY, Deng JS, Chen JJ, Huang SS, Lin IH, Kuo WL, Chao W, Huang GJ. Hispolon from Phellinus linteus induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in NB4 human leukaemia cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 41:1439-57. [PMID: 24228611 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x13500961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hispolon (a phenolic compound isolated from Phellinus linteus) has been shown to possess strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative effect of hispolon on human hepatocellular carcinoma NB4 cells using the MTT assay, DNA fragmentation, DAPI (4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride) staining, and flow cytometric analysis. Hispolon inhibited the cellular growth of NB4 cells in a dose-dependent manner through the induction of cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase measured using flow cytometric analysis and apoptotic cell death, as demonstrated by DNA laddering. Exposure of NB4 cells to hispolon-induced apoptosis-related protein expressions, such as the cleavage form of caspase 3, caspase 8, caspase 9, poly (ADP ribose) polymerase, and the proapoptotic Bax protein. Western blot analysis showed that the protein levels of extrinsic apoptotic proteins (Fas and FasL), intrinsic related proteins (cytochrome c), and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were increased in NB4 cells after hispolon treatment. Hispolon-induced G0/G1-phase arrest was associated with a marked decrease in the protein expression of p53, cyclins D1, and cyclins E, and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 2, and 4, with concomitant induction of p21waf1/Cip1 and p27Kip1. We conclude that hispolon induces both of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in NB4 human leukemia cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chuan Chen
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
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32
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Zhang CF, Zhang SL, He X, Yang XL, Wu HT, Lin BQ, Jiang CP, Wang J, Yu CH, Yang ZL, Wang CZ, Li P, Yuan CS. Antioxidant effects of Genkwa flos flavonoids on Freund׳s adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 153:793-800. [PMID: 24685587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Genkwa flos (Daphne genkwa Sieb. et Zucc.), a Chinese herbal medicine, has been traditionally used for over two thousand years in China for inflammation related symptoms, including joint pain. To evaluate the antioxidative effects of flavonoid aglycones (FA) isolated from Genkwa flos on adjuvant arthritis in rats and to identify the relationship between antioxidant potential and whole blood viscosity (WBV). MATERIALS AND METHODS FA compounds were identified using LC-MS and the content was assayed by HPLC. Arthritis was induced by an intradermal injection of Freund׳s complete adjuvant in the footpad. The effects of FA on paw volumes, secondary arthritis scores, histopathology of joints, and body and organ weights were measured. The antioxidant effects of FA and WBV were determined. RESULTS LC-MS analysis showed that the FA contained four major compounds: luteolin, apigenin, hydroxygenkwanin and genkwanin. FA significantly decreased paw edema, arthritis scores, and weight loss. These observations were consistent with the reduction of oxidative stress and the improvement of the WBV. CONCLUSION FA significantly decreased arthritis in a rat model through antioxidant and hemorheological modulatory mechanisms. The Genkwa flos flavonoids may have clinical potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China; Tang Center of Herbal Medicine and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA.
| | - Su-Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin He
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hai-Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bao-Qin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Cui-Ping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chun-Hao Yu
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA
| | - Zhong-Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago 60637, USA
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