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Dadwal V, Gupta M. Recent developments in citrus bioflavonoid encapsulation to reinforce controlled antioxidant delivery and generate therapeutic uses: Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:1187-1207. [PMID: 34378460 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1961676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Citrus fruits contain numerous antioxidative biomolecules including phenolic acids, flavonols, flavanones, polymethoxyflavones (PMFs), and their derivatives. Previous in vitro and in vivo studies thoroughly investigated the antioxidant and therapeutic potential of bioflavonoids extracted from different citrus varieties and fruit fractions. Major bioflavonoids such as hesperidin, naringin, naringenin, and PMFs, had restricted their incorporation into food and health products due to their poor solubility, chemical stability and bioavailability. Considering these limitations, modern encapsulation methodologies such as hydrogelation, liposomal interactions, emulsifications, and nanoparticles have been designed to shield bioflavonoids with improved target distribution for therapeutic enhancements. The size, durability, and binding efficiency of bioflavonoid-loaded encapsulates were acquired by the optimized chemical and instrumental parameters such as solubility, gelation, dispersion, extrusion, and drying. Bioflavonoid-enriched encapsulates have been also proven to be effective against cancer, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and various other illnesses. However, in the future, newer natural binding agents with higher binding capacity might accelerate the encapsulating potential, controlled release, and enhanced bioavailability of citrus bioflavonoids. Overall, these modern encapsulation systems are currently leading to a new era of diet-based medicine, as demand for citrus fruit-based nutritional supplements and edibles grows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Dadwal
- CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mahesh Gupta
- CSIR- Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Wu J, Liu H, Chu T, Jiang P, Li ST. Neuregulin-1β attenuates sepsis-induced diaphragm atrophy by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2019; 40:43-51. [PMID: 30989579 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-019-09512-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of neuregulin-1β (NRG-1β) on sepsis-induced diaphragm atrophy and the possible underlying mechanisms. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, sepsis and NRG groups. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). In the NRG group, rats received tail vein injections of NRG-1β (10 μg/kg) every 12 h for 72 h after CLP. At 3 days after surgery, diaphragm contractile forces were measured by determining the force-frequency curve and muscle fiber areas by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Moreover, the NRG-1 expression level in the diaphragm was detected by Western blotting. Furthermore, the proteins in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and its downstream Akt-mTOR and Akt-FOXO axes were detected by Western blotting analysis. In L6 myotubes treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and NRG-1β, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related protein expression was further determined using the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Exogenous NRG-1β could compensate for sepsis-induced diminished NRG-1 in the diaphragm and attenuate the reduction in diaphragm contractile forces and muscle fiber areas during sepsis. Moreover, NRG-1β treatment could activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the diaphragm during sepsis. The inhibition of p70S6K and 4E-BP1 on the Akt-mTOR axis and the increased expression of Murf1 on the Akt-FOXO axis were reversed after NRG-1 treatment. In addition, NRG-1β could activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in L6 myotubes treated with LPS, while the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 blocked the effects of NRG-1β. NRG-1 expression in the diaphragm was reduced during sepsis, and exogenously administered recombinant human NRG-1β could attenuate sepsis-induced diaphragm atrophy by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jie Fang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ting Chu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dian Li Road, Zhenjiang, 212002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jie Fang Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shi-Tong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Hai Ning Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Nagappan A, Lee HJ, Saralamma VVG, Park HS, Hong GE, Yumnam S, Raha S, Charles SN, Shin SC, Kim EH, Lee WS, Kim GS. Flavonoids isolated from Citrus platymamma induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 human lung cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:1394-1402. [PMID: 27446443 PMCID: PMC4950876 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus platymamma hort. ex Tanaka belongs to the Rutaceae family and is widely used in folk medicines in Korea due to its anti-proliferative, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities. However, the molecular mechanism of its anti-cancer effect is not well understood. The present study was conducted to elucidate the anti-cancer effect and molecular mechanism of flavonoids from Citrus platymamma (FCP) on A549 cells. FCP displayed concentration-dependent inhibition on A549 cells proliferation. Further, flow cytometry revealed that FCP significantly increased the sub-G1 (apoptotic cell population) and G2/M phase population, and the total number of apoptotic cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Nuclear condensation and fragmentation were also observed upon staining with Hoechst 33342 in FCP-treated A549 cells. Immunoblotting demonstrated a dose-dependent downregulation of cyclin B1, cyclin-dependent kinase 1, cell division cycle 25c, pro-caspases −3, −6, −8 and −9, and poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in FCP-treated A549 cells. In addition, FCP induced caspase-3 activation and subsequent PARP cleavage, and increased the B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-associated X protein/Bcl-extra large ratio in A549 cells. These findings suggest that FCP induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis of A549 cells. The present study provides evidence that FCP may be useful in the treatment of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arulkumar Nagappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences and Gyeongnam Regional Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Lee
- Brain Korea 21 Program for Leading Universities and Students, Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Venu Venkatarame Gowda Saralamma
- Brain Korea 21 Program for Leading Universities and Students, Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Park
- Brain Korea 21 Program for Leading Universities and Students, Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Eun Hong
- Brain Korea 21 Program for Leading Universities and Students, Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Silvia Yumnam
- Brain Korea 21 Program for Leading Universities and Students, Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Suchismita Raha
- Brain Korea 21 Program for Leading Universities and Students, Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Shobana Nancy Charles
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences and Gyeongnam Regional Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Kim
- Department of Nursing Science, International University of Korea, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sup Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences and Gyeongnam Regional Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Brain Korea 21 Program for Leading Universities and Students, Research Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Republic of Korea
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A Systematic Review on the Effects of Botanicals on Skeletal Muscle Health in Order to Prevent Sarcopenia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:5970367. [PMID: 27051451 PMCID: PMC4804074 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5970367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We performed a systematic review to evaluate the evidence-based medicine regarding the main botanical extracts and their nutraceutical compounds correlated to skeletal muscle health in order to identify novel strategies that effectively attenuate skeletal muscle loss and enhance muscle function and to improve the quality of life of older subjects. This review contains all eligible studies from 2010 to 2015 and included 57 publications. We focused our attention on effects of botanical extracts on growth and health of muscle and divided these effects into five categories: anti-inflammation, muscle damage prevention, antifatigue, muscle atrophy prevention, and muscle regeneration and differentiation.
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Zhao J, Ge LY, Xiong W, Leong F, Huang LQ, Li SP. Advanced development in phytochemicals analysis of medicine and food dual purposes plants used in China (2011-2014). J Chromatogr A 2015; 1428:39-54. [PMID: 26385085 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In 2011, we wrote a review for summarizing the phytochemical analysis (2006-2010) of medicine and food dual purposes plants used in China (Zhao et al., J. Chromatogr. A 1218 (2011) 7453-7475). Since then, more than 750 articles related to their phytochemical analysis have been published. Therefore, an updated review for the advanced development (2011-2014) in this topic is necessary for well understanding the quality control and health beneficial phytochemicals in these materials, as well as their research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Li-Ya Ge
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Wei Xiong
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Fong Leong
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao
| | - Lu-Qi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Shao-Ping Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao.
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Zhang J, Park HS, Kim JA, Hong GE, Nagappan A, Park KI, Kim GS. Flavonoids identified from Korean Scutellaria baicalensis induce apoptosis by ROS generation and caspase activation on human fibrosarcoma cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2014; 42:465-83. [PMID: 24707875 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x14500311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of flavonoids from Korean Scutellaria baicalensis on fibrosarcoma HT1080 cells and their underlying molecular mechanism were investigated in this study. Flavonoids affected HT1080 cell proliferation by interrupting cell cycle progress, obviously augmenting the proportion of sub-G1 and diminishing that of G1 phase, and undergoing apoptosis at the tested dosage (100-400 μg/mL). In addition, the mediated apoptosis was mainly caused by total reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and by up-regulating the ratio of Bax/Bcl-xL, triggering caspase cascades (caspase-3, -9 and -8), and inactivating PARP, dose-dependently. The proteomics results showed that AP-4, ARID 5B, HNRNP K, PLOG, Prdx6, and myosin-1, associated with cell growth, differentiation and development, and overexpressed in gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc., were statistically down-regulated after the flavonoids treatment. Taken together, our data demonstrated that flavonoids from Korean S. baicalensis induced apoptosis in HT1080 cells, which involved a hierarchy of cellular pathways and multiple signal proteins, and might be a potential anticancer therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, China
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