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Zeng ZF, Xu M, Qiong L, Wang JW. The complete chloroplast genome of Meconopsis torquata (Papaveraceae), a traditional Tibetan medicine. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2024; 9:802-807. [PMID: 38895507 PMCID: PMC11185084 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2024.2368208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Meconopsis torquata Prain 1906, a national second-class rare and endangered plant, is reported here for the first time for its complete chloroplast genome. The genome is 153,290 bp in length, comprising a large single-copy region (LSC, 83,918 bp), a small single-copy region (SSC, 17,740 bp), and two inverted repeat sequences (IRa and IRb, each 25,816 bp). The overall GC content is 38.7%, with the IR region having the highest content (43.1%). The genome is annotated with 112 unique genes, including 4 rRNA genes, 29 tRNA genes, and 79 protein-coding genes. Analysis of codon usage bias reveals that codons ending in A/T account for 96.7% of those with a Relative Synonymous Codon Usage (RSCU) value above 1. This predominance of A/T-ending codons might be indicative of M. torquata adaptation to high-altitude environments. Phylogenetic analysis reveals a close kinship between M. torquata and M. pinnatifolia and M. paniculata, indicating that the ancestral groups of these species might have a complex evolutionary history. This study uncovers the genetic characteristics and adaptive evolution of M. torquata, offering a new perspective in understanding the phylogenetic relationships within the genus. The findings not only provide a solid theoretical foundation for the conservation and sustainable use of this rare and endangered species but also offer significant scientific support for the conservation of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Fei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Yani Observation and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystem, Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet, Nyingchi, China
| | - Min Xu
- Forestry Survey and Planning Research Institute of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa, China
| | - La Qiong
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Yani Observation and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystem, Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet, Nyingchi, China
| | - Jun-Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Yani Observation and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystem, Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet, Nyingchi, China
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Zhao S, Gao X, Yu X, Yuan T, Zhang G, Liu C, Li X, Wei P, Li X, Liu X. Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genome of Meconopsis (Papaveraceae) Provides Insights into Their Genomic Evolution and Adaptation to High Elevation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2193. [PMID: 38396871 PMCID: PMC10888623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The Meconopsis species are widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Himalayas, and Hengduan Mountains in China, and have high medicinal and ornamental value. The high diversity of plant morphology in this genus poses significant challenges for species identification, given their propensity for highland dwelling, which makes it a question worth exploring how they cope with the harsh surroundings. In this study, we recently generated chloroplast (cp) genomes of two Meconopsis species, Meconopsis paniculata (M. paniculata) and M. pinnatifolia, and compared them with those of ten Meconopsis cp genomes to comprehend cp genomic features, their phylogenetic relationships, and what part they might play in plateau adaptation. These cp genomes shared a great deal of similarities in terms of genome size, structure, gene content, GC content, and codon usage patterns. The cp genomes were between 151,864 bp and 154,997 bp in length, and contain 133 predictive genes. Through sequence divergence analysis, we identified three highly variable regions (trnD-psbD, ccsA-ndhD, and ycf1 genes), which could be used as potential markers or DNA barcodes for phylogenetic analysis. Between 22 and 38 SSRs and some long repeat sequences were identified from 12 Meconopsis species. Our phylogenetic analysis confirmed that 12 species of Meconopsis clustered into a monophyletic clade in Papaveraceae, which corroborated their intrageneric relationships. The results indicated that M. pinnatifolia and M. paniculata are sister species in the phylogenetic tree. In addition, the atpA and ycf2 genes were positively selected in high-altitude species. The functions of these two genes might be involved in adaptation to the extreme environment in the cold and low CO2 concentration conditions at the plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (S.Z.); (X.Y.); (G.Z.); (C.L.); (P.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoman Gao
- Laboratory of Extreme Environment Biological Resources and Adaptive Evolution, School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China; (X.G.); (T.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaolei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (S.Z.); (X.Y.); (G.Z.); (C.L.); (P.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Laboratory of Extreme Environment Biological Resources and Adaptive Evolution, School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China; (X.G.); (T.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Guiyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (S.Z.); (X.Y.); (G.Z.); (C.L.); (P.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chenlai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (S.Z.); (X.Y.); (G.Z.); (C.L.); (P.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xinzhong Li
- Laboratory of Extreme Environment Biological Resources and Adaptive Evolution, School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China; (X.G.); (T.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Pei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (S.Z.); (X.Y.); (G.Z.); (C.L.); (P.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Biology Experimental Teaching Center, School of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (S.Z.); (X.Y.); (G.Z.); (C.L.); (P.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Environment on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Laboratory of Extreme Environment Biological Resources and Adaptive Evolution, School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China; (X.G.); (T.Y.); (X.L.)
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Chen J, Zhang Q, Wang R, Yang Y, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhang X, Qiao X, Zhong G, Wei J, Wang Y, Yang R. Preliminary study on the effective site and mechanism of action of Meconopsis quintuplinervia Regel in alleviating acute alcoholic liver injury in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116230. [PMID: 36764563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Meconopsis quintuplinervia Regel (MQR) belongs to the opium poppy tree plant species, and it has heat purging, detoxification, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. AIM OF STUDY MQR has liver-protective properties and can alleviate liver heat. Therefore, this study aimed to observe the effect of MQR extract on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice and explore the mechanism of action of ethyl acetate extract of MQR (MQR-E) on alcohol-induced liver injury in combination with the network pharmacology. MATERIALS AND METHODS To induce acute alcoholic liver injury, 52% of edible wine was administered at 12 mL/kg for 14 days. The pharmacodynamic results were used to screen the active site. MQR-E composition was analyzed based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, and relevant MQR-E and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) targets were screened using an online database. Then, Venn analysis of drug and disease-related targets was performed to obtain cross-targets. We investigated the protein-protein interaction network (PPI) of overlapping targets, the core targets were screened using the STRING database, and the DAVID database was chosen for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of the central targets. RESULTS Each of the four MQR extracts ameliorated alcoholic liver injury to varying degrees; the best results were achieved with MQR-E. MQR-E reduces liver index, serum transaminases, and fat accumulation, and attenuates ethanol-induced histopathological changes. The activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were increased, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly reduced compared to the EtOH group, and MQR-E effectively mitigated the oxidative stress induced by ethanol in the liver. Thirty-six compounds were identified, and flavonoids were the most abundant. PPI network topology analysis was employed to assess 32 core targets: IL-6, TNF, STAT3, PPARA, and other inflammation and lipid metabolism related genes. Pathway analysis of GO and KEGG enrichment showed that the regulation of inflammatory factors and lipid metabolism were primarily involved. CONCLUSION We concluded that MQR-E had protective effects against acute alcohol-induced liver injury in mice, and the mechanism could be linked to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. The mechanism by which MQR-E ameliorated ALD primarily involved regulating inflammatory factors and lipid metabolism based on the prediction of the network pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingcai Chen
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China; Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, 563006, China.
| | - Ruhui Wang
- Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China.
| | - Xiang Liu
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China.
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China.
| | - Xingfang Qiao
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China.
| | - Guoyue Zhong
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China.
| | - Jiangping Wei
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China.
| | - Yunhong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, 400060, China.
| | - Rongping Yang
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Misiurek J, Plech T, Kaproń B, Makuch-Kocka A, Szultka-Młyńska M, Buszewski B, Petruczynik A. Determination of Some Isoquinoline Alkaloids in Extracts Obtained from Selected Plants of the Ranunculaceae, Papaveraceae and Fumarioideae Families by Liquid Chromatography and In Vitro and In Vivo Investigations of Their Cytotoxic Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083503. [PMID: 37110737 PMCID: PMC10143472 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids are heterocyclic bases with widespread occurrence in nature. Plants are rich and easily accessible sources of them. Most isoquinoline alkaloids have cytotoxic activity for different types of cancer, including malignant melanoma, the most aggressive type of skin cancer. The morbidity of melanoma has increased worldwide every year. For that reason, developing new candidates for anti-melanoma drugs is highly needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the alkaloid compositions of plant extracts obtained from Macleaya cordata root, stem and leaves, Pseudofumaria lutea root and herb, Lamprocapnos spectabilis root and herb, Fumaria officinalis whole plant, Thalictrum foetidum root and herb, and Meconopsis cambrica root and herb by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS. For determination of cytotoxic properties, human malignant melanoma cell line A375, human Caucasian malignant melanoma cell line G-361, and human malignant melanoma cell line SK-MEL-3 were exposed in vitro to the tested plant extracts. Based on the in vitro experiments, Lamprocapnos spectabilis herb extract was selected for further, in vivo research. The toxicity of the extract obtained from Lamprocapnos spectabilis herb was tested using an animal zebrafish model in the fish embryo toxicity test (FET) for determination of the LC50 value and non-toxic doses. Determination of the influence of the investigated extract on the number of cancer cells in a living organism was performed using a zebrafish xenograft model. Determination of the contents of selected alkaloids in different plant extracts was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in a reverse-phase system (RP) on a Polar RP column with a mobile phase containing acetonitrile, water and ionic liquid. The presence of these alkaloids in plant extracts was confirmed by LC-MS/MS. Preliminary cytotoxic activity of all prepared plant extracts and selected alkaloid standards was examined using human skin cancer cell lines A375, G-361, and SK-MEL-3. The cytotoxicity of the investigated extract was determined in vitro by cell viability assays (MTT). For in vivo determination of investigated extract cytotoxicity, a Danio rerio larvae xenograft model was used. All investigated plant extracts in in vitro experiments exhibited high cytotoxic activity against the tested cancer cell lines. The results obtained using the Danio rerio larvae xenograft model confirmed the anticancer activity of the extract obtained from Lamprocapnos spectabilis herb. The conducted research provides a basis for future investigations of these plant extracts for potential use in the treatment of malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Misiurek
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Kaproń
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Makuch-Kocka
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szultka-Młyńska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Anna Petruczynik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Wangchuk P, Samten, Jamtsho T. Phytopharmaceutical properties and quality assessment of two Himalayan medicinal plants, Meconopsis horridula, and Meconopsis simplicifolia. J Herb Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Mining Therapeutic Efficacy from Treasure Chest of Biodiversity and Chemodiversity: Pharmacophylogeny of Ranunculales Medicinal Plants. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 28:1111-1126. [PMID: 35809180 PMCID: PMC9282152 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3576-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ranunculales, comprising of 7 families that are rich in medicinal species frequently utilized by traditional medicine and ethnomedicine, represents a treasure chest of biodiversity and chemodiversity. The phylogenetically related species often have similar chemical profile, which makes them often possess similar therapeutic spectrum. This has been validated by both ethnomedicinal experiences and pharmacological investigations. This paper summarizes molecular phylogeny, chemical constituents, and therapeutic applications of Ranunculales, i.e., a pharmacophylogeny study of this representative medicinal order. The phytochemistry/metabolome, ethnomedicine and bioactivity/pharmacology data are incorporated within the phylogenetic framework of Ranunculales. The most studied compounds of this order include benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, saponin and lignan, etc. Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids are especially abundant in Berberidaceae and Menispermaceae. The most frequent ethnomedicinal uses are arthritis, heat-clearing and detoxification, carbuncle-abscess and sore-toxin. The most studied bioactivities are anticancer/cytotoxic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, etc. The pharmacophylogeny analysis, integrated with both traditional and modern medicinal uses, agrees with the molecular phylogeny based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences, in which Ranunculales is divided into Ranunculaceae, Berberidaceae, Menispermaceae, Lardizabalaceae, Circaeasteraceae, Papaveraceae, and Eupteleaceae families. Chemical constituents and therapeutic efficacy of each taxonomic group are reviewed and the underlying connection between phylogeny, chemodiversity and clinical uses is revealed, which facilitate the conservation and sustainable utilization of Ranunculales pharmaceutical resources, as well as developing novel plant-based pharmacotherapy.
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Zhang R, Guo Q, Kennelly EJ, Long C, Chai X. Diverse alkaloids and biological activities of Fumaria (Papaveraceae): An ethnomedicinal group. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104697. [PMID: 32739338 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Fumaria species, commonly known as fumitory or earth smoke, are considered weeds in many regions. However, several Fumaria species have long been used in folk medicine, such as F. capreolata L., F. densiflora DC., F. indica (Hausskn.) Pugsley, F. officinalis L., F. parviflora Lam., and F. vaillantii Loisel. as well. The ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of 24 Fumaria species have been investigated. Phytochemical studies on Fumaria species revealed the presence of numerous alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids. Phthalideisoquinolines (PTIs), protoberberines, and spirobenzylisoquinolines (SBIs) are the major alkaloids in the genus Fumaria. The plants biosynthesize a diverse group of biologically active isoquinoline alkaloids, and these may help to explain the use of various Fumaria species in folk medicine. Pharmacological studies revealed a broad spectrum of bioactivities such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumor activities. We found 159 articles published from 1969-2019 by searching the keyword "Fumaria" using databases such as SciFinder, Google Scholar, and PubMed. Based on our reading of these papers, Fumaria species appear to be a source of bioactive isoquinoline alkaloids and ethnomedicines. The lack of studies on pharmacological mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, quality control, and toxicology are discussed in this review. There is great potential for broader medicinal applications of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifei Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; PhD Program in Biology, Biochemistry, and Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Chunlin Long
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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8
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Li R, Ma X, Zhang X, Zhou D, Wang H, Cheng T, Wang W. Complete chloroplast genome of Meconopsis integrifolia (Papaveraceae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020; 5:142-144. [PMID: 33366459 PMCID: PMC7720952 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1698353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Meconopsis integrifolia (Maxim.) Franch is a traditional Tibetan medicinal material. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the complete chloroplast genome of M. integrifolia. The chloroplast genome is 152,714 bp in length, containing a pair of inverted repeated (IR) region of 25,627 bp that are separated by a large single copy (LSC) region of 83,706 bp, and a small single copy (SSC) region of 17,754 bp. Moreover, a total of 126 functional genes were annotated, including 86 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. In the maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree, M. integrifolia clustered closely with three Papaver species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- College of Medicine, Xi’an International University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianye Ma
- College of Ecological Environment and Resources, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- College of Medicine, Xi’an International University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dangwei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Tingfeng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
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Zhu Y, Zhang D. Complete chloroplast genome sequences of two species used for Tibetan medicines, Meconopsis punicea vig. and M. henrici vig. (Papaveraceae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2019; 5:48-50. [PMID: 33366416 PMCID: PMC7721039 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1693918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Meconopsis Vig. is a genus possessing important medicinal and ornamental values in the Papaveraceae. Many species in this genus are commonly used in traditional Tibetan medicines over thousands of years. In this study, we sequenced complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequences of two species, namely Meconopsis punicea and M. henrici to investigate their phylogenetic relationships in Papaveraceae. Total lengths of the chloroplast genomes were 153,281 bp and 153,388 bp, respectively. Both of the two genomes had typical quadripartite structure, LSC region (83,999 bp and 83,698 bp) and SSC region (17,730 bp and 17,822 bp) were separated by a pair of IRs (25,776 bp and 26,107 bp), respectively. Moreover, they were composed of 112 genes, including 78 protein coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, three rRNA genes and one pseudogene. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete chloroplast genomes showed that M. henrici had closer relationship with M. racenosa than M. punicea; meanwhile, Meconopsis was closely related to Papaver in Papaveraceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhu
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Dequan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, China.,Institute of Materia Medica, Dali University, Dali, China.,Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Higher Education Institutions for Development of Yunnan Daodi Medicinal Materials Resources, Kunming, China
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10
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Traditional Tibetan medicinal plants: a highlighted resource for novel therapeutic compounds. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:2537-2555. [PMID: 30499690 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Around 70-80% of drugs used in traditional Tibetan medicine (TTM) come from Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the majority of which are plants. The biological and medicinal culture diversity on Qinghai Tibet Plateau are amazing and constitute a less tapped resource for innovative drug research and development. Meanwhile, the problem of the exhausting Tibetan medicine resources is worrying. Here, the latest awareness, as well as the gaps of the traditional Tibetan medicinal plant issues in drug development and clinical usage of TTM compounds, was systematically reviewed and highlighted. The TTM resource studies should be enhanced within the context of deeper and more extensive investigations of molecular biology and genomics of TTM plants, phytometabolites and metabolomics and ethnopharmacology-based bioactivity, thus enabling the sustainable conservation and exploitation of Tibetan medicinal resource.
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11
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Wang G, Baskin CC, Baskin JM, Yang X, Liu G, Ye X, Zhang X, Huang Z. Effects of climate warming and prolonged snow cover on phenology of the early life history stages of four alpine herbs on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2018; 105:967-976. [PMID: 29927486 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Much research has focused on plant responses to ongoing climate change, but there is relatively little information about how climate change will affect the early plant life history stages. Understanding how global warming and changes in winter snow pattern will affect seed germination and seedling establishment is crucial for predicting future alpine population and vegetation dynamics. METHODS In a 2-year study, we tested how warming and alteration in the snowmelt regime, both in isolation and combination, influence seedling emergence phenology, first-year growth, biomass allocation, and survival of four native alpine perennial herbs on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. KEY RESULTS Warming promoted seedling emergence phenology of all four species and biomass per plant of two species but reduced seedling survival of three species. Prolonged snow cover partly mediated the affects of warming on Primula alpicola (survival and biomass), Pedicularis fletcheri (phenology, biomass, and root:shoot ratio) and Meconopsis integrifolia (survival). For the narrowly distributed species M. racemosa, seedling growth was additively decreased by warming and prolonged snow cover. CONCLUSIONS Both warming and alteration of the snow cover regime can influence plant recruitment by affecting seedling phenology, growth, and survival, and the effects are largely species-specific. Thus, climate change is likely to affect population dynamics and community structure of the alpine ecosystem. This is the first experimental demonstration of the phenological advancement of seedling emergence in the field by simulated climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, P.R. China
| | - Carol C Baskin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Jerry M Baskin
- Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Xuejun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China
| | - Guofang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China
| | - Xuehua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China
| | - Xinshi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China
| | - Zhenying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China
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Southeast Asian Medicinal Plants as a Potential Source of Antituberculosis Agent. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:7185649. [PMID: 29081822 PMCID: PMC5610802 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7185649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite all of the control strategies, tuberculosis (TB) is still a major cause of death globally and one-third of the world's population is infected with TB. The drugs used for TB treatment have drawbacks of causing adverse side effects and emergence of resistance strains. Plant-derived medicines have since been used in traditional medical system for the treatment of numerous ailments worldwide. There were nine major review publications on antimycobacteria from plants in the last 17 years. However, none is focused on Southeast Asian medicinal plants. Hence, this review is aimed at highlighting the medicinal plants of Southeast Asian origin evaluated for anti-TB. This review is based on literatures published in various electronic database. A total of 132 plants species representing 45 families and 107 genera were reviewed; 27 species representing 20.5% exhibited most significant in vitro anti-TB activity (crude extracts and/or bioactive compounds 0–<10 µg/ml). The findings may motivate various scientists to undertake the project that may result in the development of crude extract that will be consumed as complementary or alternative TB drug or as potential bioactive compounds for the development of novel anti-TB drug.
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