Angioleiomyoma of the superficial palmar arterial arch

Primary Hand Leiomyoma: A Systematic Review

BACKGROUND

Primary leiomyoma is a rare cause of a mass in the hand, with few reported cases to date. To our knowledge, this constitutes the most comprehensive and up-to-date systematic review of the literature of all cases of primary hand leiomyoma. We also provide an additional case recently managed in our practice of confirmed primary vascular leiomyoma of the hand in a 44-year-old woman to add to the current body of literature.

METHODS

We performed a comprehensive literature review of all articles published on primary leiomyoma of the hand. The PubMed database was used, with search terms leiomyoma hand, angioleiomyoma hand, and angiomyoma hand. Articles were selected for their accuracy in anatomic localization in the hand and confirmed pathology of leiomyoma.

RESULTS

Our initial search query resulted in 216 articles. After applying the inclusion criteria, we identified 50 individual articles with 108 cases of confirmed primary leiomyoma in the hand from January 1, 1954, to July 1, 2018. Common initial clinical impressions recorded for primary hand leiomyoma included ganglion cyst, giant-cell tumor, hemangioma, and glomus tumor. Patients presenting with leiomyoma of the hand frequently describe a painful lesion, which differs from most other benign tumors of the hand at presentation.

CONCLUSIONS

Leiomyoma is an important consideration when developing a differential diagnosis for primary benign masses in the hand. We hope that this comprehensive review can provide increased awareness of this tumor type.

Leiomyoma in the thumb causing trigger finger

Leiomyoma is a generally benign tumour and common in the uterine smooth muscle. In some cases, it is found in other parts of the human body. In our study, we report the case of a 61-year-old woman with a painless cystic lesion on the first left thumb associated with trigger finger. The first diagnostic hypotheses were ganglionic cyst and giant cell tumour, however, after surgical excision and histological analysis, it was revealed to be a rare leiomyoma of the hand. We report a clinical case and detailed histopathological study, with 12 high-resolution images stained with: H&E, Smooth Muscle Actin, Desmin, S-100 and CD34.