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Elmahallawy EK, Alsharif KF, Alblihd MA, Hamad AA, Nasreldin N, Alsanie W, Aljoudi AM, Oyouni AAA, Al-Amer OM, Albarakati AJA, Lokman MS, Albrakati A, Ali FAZ. Melatonin ameliorates serobiochemical alterations and restores the cardio-nephro diabetic vascular and cellular alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1089733. [PMID: 37065258 PMCID: PMC10102477 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1089733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin possesses a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antidiabetic properties. Diabetes mellitus (DM) induces several physiopathological changes in body organs, which could be observed lately after systemic failure. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the serobiochemical changes and the histopathological picture in the diabetic heart and the kidney early before chronic complications and highlight the association between hyperglycemia, glomerular alterations, and cardiovascular changes. In addition, the role of melatonin in the treatment of cardio-nephro diabetic vascular and cellular adverse changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was also studied. A total of 40 mature Wistar albino rats were distributed into five groups; (1) control untreated rats, (2) diabetic mellitus untreated (DM) rats, in which DM was induced by the injection of streptozotocin (STZ), (3) control melatonin-treated (MLT), (4) melatonin-treated diabetic (DM + MLT) rats, in which melatonin was injected (10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 4 weeks, and (5) insulin-treated diabetic (DM + INS) rats. The serum biochemical analysis of diabetic STZ rats showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the concentrations of blood glucose, total oxidative capacity (TOC), CK-MB, endothelin-1, myoglobin, H-FABP, ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine as compared to control rats. In contrast, there was a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in serum concentration of insulin, total antioxidative capacity (TAC), total nitric oxide (TNO), and total protein level in DM rats vs. the control rats. Significant improvement in the serobiochemical parameters was noticed in both (DM + MLT) and (DM + INS) groups as compared with (DM) rats. The histological examination of the DM group revealed a disorder of myofibers, cardiomyocyte nuclei, and an increase in connective tissue deposits in between cardiac tissues. Severe congestion and dilation of blood capillaries between cardiac muscle fibers were also observed. The nephropathic changes in DM rats revealed various deteriorations in glomeruli and renal tubular cells of the same group. In addition, vascular alterations in the arcuate artery at the corticomedullary junction and interstitial congestion take place. Melatonin administration repaired all these histopathological alterations to near-control levels. The study concluded that melatonin could be an effective therapeutic molecule for restoring serobiochemical and tissue histopathological alterations during diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Department of Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
| | - Khalaf F. Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Khalaf F. Alsharif
| | - Mohamed A. Alblihd
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa A. Hamad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nani Nasreldin
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, El-Kharga, Egypt
| | - Walaa Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Al-Amer
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maha S. Lokman
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Abo Zakaib Ali
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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TSENG GUANHAO, CHANG CHENGTAO, LIN CHOUCHINGK, CHEN TERRYYUANFANG, JU MINGSHAUNG. EFFECTS OF DIABETES MELLITUS ON VISCOELASTICITY OF ULTRASTRUCTURES OF PERIPHERAL NERVES: THREE-DIMENSIONAL FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSES. J MECH MED BIOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519419500222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus induces a variety of neuropathies and causes various symptoms. Understanding how diabetes affects mechanical properties of nerves is useful for preventing complications of diabetes mellitus such as the carpal tunnel syndrome. In a previous study, a two-dimensional hyper-viscoelastic finite element model (FEM) of the ultra-structures of normal rat sciatic nerves was developed using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) microscope and in vitro parallel compression tests. The main goal of this study was to extend the FEM from two to three dimensions and use it to explore hyper-viscoelasticity of ultra-structures of sciatic nerves of diabetic rats. A modification of the compression testing system to enhance OCT cross-sectional images of the nerve samples was also conducted. The results showed that the instantaneous shear moduli of the perineurium, epineurium, and endoneurium of the diabetic rat were all greater than those of the normal rats. Due to high instantaneous shear moduli and low percentage of relaxation, the diabetic nerve is prone to damage when subjected to prolonged mechanical loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- GUAN-HAO TSENG
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - CHENG-TAO CHANG
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - CHOU-CHING K. LIN
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine and University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - TERRY YUAN-FANG CHEN
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - MING-SHAUNG JU
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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