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KALKAN BURAT A, PEKBELGİN KARAOĞLU HR. Photophysical properties of a newly synthesized unsymmetrically substituted zinc phthalocyanine. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.870010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Mapukata S, Kobayashi N, Kimura M, Nyokong T. Asymmetrical and symmetrical zinc phthalocyanine-cobalt ferrite conjugates embedded in electrospun fibers for dual photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes: Methyl Orange and Orange G. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kutlu ÖD, Avcil D, Erdoğmuş A. New water-soluble cationic indium (III) phthalocyanine bearing thioquinoline moiety; Synthesis, photophysical and photochemical studies with high singlet oxygen yield. MAIN GROUP CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-180720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Öznur Dülger Kutlu
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilan Avcil
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Erdoğmuş
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
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Singlet Oxygen Generating Properties of Different Sizes of Charged Graphene Quantum Dot Nanoconjugates with a Positively Charged Phthalocyanine. J Fluoresc 2018; 28:827-838. [PMID: 29961202 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-2247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Various sizes of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) denoted as GQD2, GQD6 and GQD10 (increasing in size) were non-covalently attached to 2,9,16,23-tetrakis[4-(N-methylpyridyloxy)]-phthalocyanine (ZnTPPcQ) to form GQDs-ZnTPPcQ nanoconjugates. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that increasing sizes of GQDs decreases the atomic concentrations of oxygen, which leads to blue shift in spectra of the GQDs. Relative to Pcs alone (0.03), the presence of GQDs improved the singlet oxygen quantum yields with the following values: GQD2-ZnTPPcQ (0.17), GQD6-ZnTPPcQ (0.27) and GQD10-ZnTPPcQ (0.11). GQD2-ZnTPPcQ nanoconjugate system had the most ZnTPPcQ loading, but did not generate the most singlet oxygen species due to aggregation. This study shows that, the quantity of oxygen, size and quality of GQDs as well as amount of Pc loading are amongst the vital properties to consider when constructing GQD-nanoconjugate systems with optimal singlet oxygen quantum yields.
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Sindelo A, Osifeko OL, Nyokong T. Synthesis, photophysicochemical and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy studies of indium pyridyl phthalocyanines: Charge versus bridging atom. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Dube E, Nwaji N, Oluwole DO, Mack J, Nyokong T. Investigation of photophysicochemical properties of zinc phthalocyanines conjugated to metallic nanoparticles. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Mapukata S, Chindeka F, Sekhosana KE, Nyokong T. Laser induced photodegradation of Orange G using phthalocyanine – cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticle conjugates electrospun in polystyrene nanofibers. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gold Matlou G, Kobayashi N, Kimura M, Nyokong T. Synthesis and photophysical studies of asymmetric zinc phthalocyanine–magnetic nanoparticle conjugates. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01716b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work reports on the synthesis and amide bond linkage of carboxylic acid functionalized asymmetric zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) complexes to amino magnetic nanoparticles (AMNPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauta Gold Matlou
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation
- Department of Chemistry
- Rhodes University
- Grahamstown 6140
- South Africa
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology
- Shinshu University
- Ueda 386-8567
- Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology
- Shinshu University
- Ueda 386-8567
- Japan
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation
- Department of Chemistry
- Rhodes University
- Grahamstown 6140
- South Africa
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Sakamoto K, Yoshino S, Takemoto M, Sugaya K, Kubo H, Komoriya T, Kamei S, Furukawa S. Synthesis of arylsulfanyl-subphthalocyanines and their ring expansion reaction. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424615500194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
For dye-sensitized solar cells, phthalocyanines require strong absorption of far-red light between 700 and 850 nm because of their high electron transfer efficiency. Nevertheless phthalocyanines lack of affinity to basal plats, they inhibit utilization as dye-sensitized solar cell photosensitizer. Then, subphthalocyanines are used as precursors to prepare asymmetric 3:1 type phthalocyanines using a ring-enlargement technique to give affinity to basal plates. As subphthalocyanines having arylsulfanyl substituents used as a precursor, asymmetric phthalocyanines are expected to have good affinity to basal plates. Spectroscopic properties and electron transfer abilities to synthesize non-peripheral arylsulfanyl-subphthalocyanines were estimated. In addition to prepare as trial, asymmetric 3:1 type phthalocyanine, hexakis[(4-methylphenyl)thio]phthalocyanine, was synthesized from corresponding subphthalocyanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshino
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Takemoto
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sugaya
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kubo
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Tomoe Komoriya
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Kamei
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Shigeki Furukawa
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
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Sakamoto K, Yoshino S, Takemoto M, Furuya N. Syntheses of near infrared absorbed phthalocyanines to utilize photosensitizers. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424613500326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines have become of major interest as functional colorants for various applications. In order to use various applications especially photosensitizers, the absorption maxima called Q-band of phthalocyanines are required to be shifted to the near infrared region. Substituted phthalocyanine analog alkylbenzopiridoporphyrazins, especially zinc bis(1,4-didecylbenzo)-bis(3,4-pyrido)porphyrazine, and toroidal-shaped phthalocyanines having aminoamine dendric side chains such as toroidal zinc poly(aminoamine)phthalocyanine dendrons were synthesized. Phthalocyanines of two types reportedly use photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy of cancer. The respective efficacies of photodynamic therapy of cancer for zinc bis(1,4-didecylbenzo)-bis(3,4-pyrido)porphyrazine and its regioisomers were estimated using laser-flash photolysis. The capability of using photodynamic therapy for toroidal zinc poly(aminoamine)phthalocyanine dendrons was assessed using a cancer cell culture. Both phthalocyanines were suitable for the use as a photosensitizer as photodynamic therapy of cancer. Then, non-peripheral thioaryl substituted phthalocyanines, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines, such as 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenylmethyl)phthalocyanines, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenylmethoxy)phthalocyanines, and 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenyl tert-butyl)phthalocyanines were also synthesized in order to develop next- generation photovoltaic cells and/or dye-sensitized solar cells. Non-peripheral substituted 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines exhibited a Q-band in the near infrared region. Electrochemical measurements were performed on the above-mentioned 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines described above to examine their electron transfer abilities and electrochemical mechanisms. The compounds 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines are anticipated to be appropriate materials for use in the next generation of photovoltaic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshino
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Takemoto
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Naoki Furuya
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
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Radivojevic I, Bazzan G, Burton-Pye BP, Ithisuphalap K, Saleh R, Durstock MF, Francesconi LC, Drain CM. Zirconium((IV)) and Hafnium((IV)) Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine Complexes as New Dyes for Solar Cell Devices. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2012; 116:15867-15877. [PMID: 22962625 PMCID: PMC3433074 DOI: 10.1021/jp301853d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metalloporphyrin and metallophthalocyanine dyes ligating Hf(IV) and Zr(IV) ions bind to semiconductor oxide surfaces such as TiO(2) via the protruding group IV metal ions. The use of oxophylic metal ions with large ionic radii that protrude from the macrocycle is a unique mode of attaching chromophores to oxide surfaces in the design of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Our previous report on the structure and physical properties of ternary complexes wherein the Hf(IV) and Zr(IV) ions are ligated to both a porphyrinoid and to a defect site on a polyoxometalate (POM) represents a model for this new way of binding dyes to oxide surfaces. The Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) complexes of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) with two ligated acetates, (TPP)Hf(OAc)(2) and (TPP)Zr(OAc)(2), and the corresponding metallophthalocyanine (Pc) diacetate complexes, (Pc)Hf(OAc)(2) and (Pc)Zr(OAc)(2), were evaluated as novel dyes for the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells. Similarly to the ternary complexes with the POM, the oxide surface replaces the acetates to affect binding. In DSSCs the Zr(IV) phthalocyanine dye performs better than the Zr(IV) porphyrin dye, and reaches an overall efficiency of ~ 1.0%. The Hf(IV) dyes are less efficient. The photophysical properties of these complexes in solution suggested energetically favorable injection of electrons into the conduction band of TiO(2) semiconductor nanoparticles, as well as a good band gap match with I(3) (-)/I(-) pair in liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium iodide. The combination of blue absorbing TPP with the red absorbing Pc complexes can increase the absorbance of solar light in the device; however, the overall conversion efficiency of DSSCs using TiO(2) nanoparticles treated with a mixture of both Zr(IV) complexes is comparable, but not greater than, the single (Pc)Zr. Thus, surface bound (TPP)Zr increases the absorbance in blue region of the spectra, but at the cost of diminished absorbance in the red in this DSSC architecture.
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Masilela N, Nombona N, Loewenstein T, Nyokong T, Schlettwein D. Symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted carboxy phthalocyanines as sensitizers for nanoporousZnOfilms. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424610002793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The photoelectroectrochemical studies of water soluble octacarboxylated oxotitanium (OTiOCPc) , zinc (ZnOCPC) , hydroxyaluminium ((OH)AlOCPc) , dihydroxysilicon ((OH)2SiOCPc) , hydroxygallium (OHGaOCPc) and low symmetry zinc monocarboxy (ZnMCPc) phthalocyanines were performed. The dyes were adsorbed to nanoporous ZnO electrodeposited in the presence of eosin Y as structure directing agent (SDA) on FTO substrates by refluxing or soaking the films in a solution containing the dye of interest such that a full surface coverage was achieved. High external (IPCE) and internal (APCE) quantum efficiencies of up to 50.6% and 96.7% were achieved for the OTiOCPc complex. There was a lower overall cell efficiency for cells sensitized with phthalocyanines containing hydroxyl as axial ligand ZnO/(OH)2SiOCPc , ZnO/(OH)GaOCPc and (OH)AlOCPc because of strong aggregation on the surface of the electrodes. To further suppress dye aggregation, the zinc complex of a new monocarboxylated phthalocyanine sensitizer with bulky naphtho side groups (ZnMCPc) was employed. Among the studied sensitizers, ZnMCPc gave the highest overall cell efficiency of phthalocyanine electrodeposited on ZnO of η = 0.48%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkosiphile Masilela
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig-University Gieβen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Gieβen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Nolwazi Nombona
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Thomas Loewenstein
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig-University Gieβen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Gieβen, Germany
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Derck Schlettwein
- Institute of Applied Physics, Justus-Liebig-University Gieβen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Gieβen, Germany
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