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Luangphai S, Thuptimdang P, Buddhiranon S, Chanawanno K. Aza-BODIPY-based logic gate chemosensors and their applications. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 322:124806. [PMID: 39018674 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Dimethylaniline-substituted aza-BODIPY dyes (DA, DM, DP) were designed and synthesized aiming for ion detection. The Zn2+ recognition ability was found in all compounds and the binding mechanism was possibly via dimethylaniline sites linked to the aza-BODIPY core. Upon Zn2+ addition, the new absorption band and the color change occurred due to the altered charge transfer of the adducts. The custom-made colorimeter was successfully integrated into the dye's application, demonstrating a good linear relationship between resistance values and Zn2+ concentration. The chromophore test strips were fabricated and exhibited distinct color changes upon aqueous Zn2+ exposure. The compound DA also exhibits logical behavior with DA-Zn2+-Cu2+ system. In terms of environmental hazards, the compounds exhibited no adverse effect on Pseudomonas putida at the concentration level of 0.2 mg/mL. These findings indicated that all synthesized aza-BODIPYs might be suitable for chemosensor probes for Zn2+ detection with possibly low environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasipan Luangphai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pumis Thuptimdang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sasiwimon Buddhiranon
- Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Kullapa Chanawanno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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2
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Alsaleh AZ, Pinjari D, Misra R, D'Souza F. Far-Red Excitation Induced Electron Transfer in Bis Donor-AzaBODIPY Push-Pull Systems; Role of Nitrogenous Donors in Promoting Charge Separation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301659. [PMID: 37401835 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
A far-red absorbing sensitizer, BF2 -chelated azadipyrromethane (azaBODIPY) has been employed as an electron acceptor to synthesize a series of push-pull systems linked with different nitrogenous electron donors, viz., N,N-dimethylaniline (NND), triphenylamine (TPA), and phenothiazine (PTZ) via an acetylene linker. The structural integrity of the newly synthesized push-pull systems was established by spectroscopic, electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and DFT computational methods. Cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry studies revealed different redox states and helped in the estimation of the energies of the charge-separated states. Further, spectroelectrochemical studies performed in a thin-layer optical cell revealed diagnostic peaks of azaBODIPY⋅- in the visible and near-IR regions. Free-energy calculations revealed the charge separation from one of the covalently linked donors to the 1 azaBODIPY* to yield Donor⋅+ -azaBODIPY⋅- to be energetically favorable in a polar solvent, benzonitrile, and the frontier orbitals generated on the optimized structures helped in assessing such a conclusion. Consequently, the steady-state emission studies revealed quenching of the azaBODIPY fluorescence in all of the investigated push-pull systems in benzonitrile and to a lesser extent in mildly polar dichlorobenzene, and nonpolar toluene. The femtosecond pump-probe studies revealed the occurrence of excited charge transfer (CT) in nonpolar toluene while a complete charge separation (CS) for all three push-pull systems in polar benzonitrile. The CT/CS products populated the low-lying 3 azaBODIPY* prior to returning to the ground state. Global target (GloTarAn) analysis of the transient data revealed the lifetime of the final charge-separated states (CSS) to be 195 ps for NND-derived, 50 ps for TPA-derived, and 85 ps for PTZ-derived push-pull systems in benzonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajyal Z Alsaleh
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Dilip Pinjari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Rajneesh Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
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Schrage BR, Ermilov E, Nemykin VN. Transient Absorption Spectra of Metal‐Free and Transition‐Metal 5,10,15,20‐Tetraferrocene Porphyrins: Influence of the Central Metal Ion, Solvent Polarity, and the Axial Ferrocene Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Briana R. Schrage
- University of Tennessee System: The University of Tennessee System Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | - Victor N. Nemykin
- University of Tennessee System: The University of Tennessee System Department of Chemistry 1420 Circle Drive 37996 Knoxville UNITED STATES
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4
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Gupta I, Manav N, Lone M, Raza MK, Chavda J, Mori S. Luminescent Iridium(III) Dipyrrinato Complexes: Synthesis, X-ray Structures, DFT and Photocytotoxicity Studies of Glycosylated Derivatives. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3849-3863. [DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04218a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of luminescent Ir(III) dipyrrinato complexes were synthesized having various aromatic chromophores on the C-5 position of dipyrrin ligand. The presence of different chromophores on the Ir(III) dipyrrinato complexes...
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Vecchi A, Sabin JR, Sabuzi F, Conte V, Cicero DO, Floris B, Galloni P, Nemykin VN. Similar, Yet Different: Long-Range Metal-Metal Coupling and Electron-Transfer Processes in Metal-Free 5,10,15,20-Tetra(ruthenocenyl)porphyrin. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8227-8241. [PMID: 34033715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structure, redox properties, and long-range metal-metal coupling in metal-free 5,10,15,20-tetra(ruthenocenyl)porphyrin (H2TRcP) were probed by spectroscopic (NMR, UV-vis, magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)), electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry, CV, and differential pulse voltammetry, DPV), spectroelectrochemical, and chemical oxidation methods, as well as theoretical (density functional theory, DFT, and time-dependent DFT, TDDFT) approaches. It was demonstrated that the spectroscopic properties of H2TRcP are significantly different from those in H2TFcP (metal-free 5,10,15,20-tetra(ferrocenyl)porphyrin). Ruthenocenyl fragments in H2TRcP have higher oxidation potentials than the ferrocene groups in the H2TFcP complex. Similar to H2TFcP, we were able to access and spectroscopically characterize the one- and two-electron oxidized mixed-valence states in the H2TRcP system. DFT predicts that the porphyrin π-system stabilizes the [H2TRcP]+ mixed-valence cation and prevents its dimerization, which is characteristic for ruthenocenyl systems. However, formation of the mixed-valence [H2TRcP]2+ is significantly less reproducible than the formation of [H2TRcP]+. DFT and TDDFT calculations suggest the ruthenocenyl fragment dominance in the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy region and the presence of the low-energy MLCT (Rc → porphyrin (π*)) transitions in the visible region with energies higher than the predominantly porphyrin-centered Q-bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vecchi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Jared R Sabin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Federica Sabuzi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Valeria Conte
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Daniel Oscar Cicero
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Barbara Floris
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Pierluca Galloni
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome 0133, Italy
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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Pandey V, Raza MK, Sonowal M, Gupta I. BODIPY based red emitters: Synthesis, computational and biological studies. Bioorg Chem 2020; 106:104467. [PMID: 33223201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Donor-Acceptor type BODIPYs with strong absorption and fluorescence in the red region (550-800 nm) are reported. The aromatic groups like N-butylcarbazole/ N-butylphenothiazine/ benzothiadiazole were attached to the C-8 position of the BODIPY core with furan or thiophene spacers. TD-DFT studies indicated significant charge distribution between C-8 aromatic heterocycles and BODIPY core in all the molecules. The in-vitro studies of the N-butylcarbazole substituted BODIPYs indicated significant localization in the endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes of the cancer cells. The BODIPYs showed decent cytotoxicity after 48 h incubation period (14.9 to 31.8 μM) in HeLa and A549 cancer cells, indicating their potential application as theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalakshmi Pandey
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Md Kausar Raza
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mridupavan Sonowal
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Iti Gupta
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India.
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Abstract
Difluoroboron-dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) are highly popular fluorescent dyes with applications as NIR probes for bioimaging, fluorescent tags/sensors and as photosensitizers in cancer therapy and organic photovoltaics. This review concentrates on the synthesis and spectral properties of BODIPY dyes conjugated with carbazole heterocycle. The carbazole is an electron rich tricyclic compound and due to its excellent electronic properties, it is extensively used in the production of electroluminescent materials and polymers. This review highlights the recent progress made on the series of BODIPY derivatives containing carbazole ring at alpha, beta, and meso-positions of the BODIPY skeleton. Carbazole based hybrid BODIPYs, carbazole linked aza-BODIPYs and carbazole-fused BODIPYs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iti Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Praseetha E Kesavan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, India
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8
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Gao Y, Pan Y, Chi Y, He Y, Chen H, Nemykin VN. A "reactive" turn-on fluorescence probe for hypochlorous acid and its bioimaging application. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 206:190-196. [PMID: 30103085 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.07.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An aza-BODIPY-CNOH probe attached aldoxime group demonstrated the specific detection for hypochlorous acid by the turn-on red emission signal. NMR and HRMS experiments confirmed that the fluorescence originated from the oxidation degradation of the non-fluorescence, aldoxime-based aza-BODIPY-CNOH probe into the red-fluorescence, nitrile oxide-based aza-BODIPY compound aza-BODIPY-CNO. The aza-BODIPY-CNOH probe showed good biocompatibility and was low toxic to living cells as shown from MTT experiments. Living RAW264.7 cells imaging indicated the aza-BODIPY-CNOH probe had good permeability and either exogenous or endogenous HClO caused the intracellular bright-red fluorescence, showing its potential hypochlorous acid-specific sensing ability in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunling Gao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Yong Pan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yu Chi
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yuanyuan He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
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10
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Collini MA, Thomas MB, Bandi V, Karr PA, D'Souza F. Directly Attached Bisdonor‐BF
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Chelated Azadipyrromethene‐Fullerene Tetrads for Promoting Ground and Excited State Charge Transfer. Chemistry 2017; 23:4450-4461. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Collini
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Michael B. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Venugopal Bandi
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
| | - Paul A. Karr
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics Wayne State College 111 Main Street Wayne Nebraska 68787 USA
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1155 Union Circle #305070 Denton TX 76203-5017 USA
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11
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Zatsikha YV, Holstrom CD, Chanawanno K, Osinski AJ, Ziegler CJ, Nemykin VN. Observation of the Strong Electronic Coupling in Near-Infrared-Absorbing Tetraferrocene aza-Dipyrromethene and aza-BODIPY with Direct Ferrocene−α- and Ferrocene−β-Pyrrole Bonds: Toward Molecular Machinery with Four-Bit Information Storage Capacity. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:991-1000. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy V. Zatsikha
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Cole D. Holstrom
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Kullapa Chanawanno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Allen J. Osinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | | | - Victor N. Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
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12
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Zatsikha YV, Didukh NO, Nemez D, Schlachter AC, Karsenti PL, Kovtun YP, Harvey PD, Nemykin VN. Ferrocene–BODIPYmerocyanine dyads: new NIR absorbing platforms with optical properties susceptible to protonation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03332j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocene–BODIPYmerocyanine dyads 5 and 6 were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia O. Didukh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg
- Canada
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Dion Nemez
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg
- Canada
| | | | | | - Yuriy P. Kovtun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
- National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
- 02660 Kyiv
- Ukraine
| | | | - Victor N. Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Manitoba
- Winnipeg
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
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