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Kirar S, Chaudhari D, Thakur NS, Jain S, Bhaumik J, Laha JK, Banerjee UC. Light-assisted anticancer photodynamic therapy using porphyrin-doped nanoencapsulates. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 220:112209. [PMID: 34049179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Light activatable porphyrinic photosensitizers (PSs) are essential components of anticancer and antimicrobial therapy and diagnostic imaging. However, their biological applications are quite challenging due to the lack of hydrophilicity and biocompatibility. To overcome such drawbacks, photosensitizers can be doped into a biocompatible polymer such as gelatin and further can be used for biomedical applications. Herein, first, a novel A4 type porphyrin PS [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridylamidephenyl)porphyrin; TPyAPP] was synthesized via a rational route with good yield. Further, this porphyrin was encapsulated into the gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) to develop hydrophilic phototherapeutic nanoagents (PTNAs, A4por-GNPs). Notably, the synthesis of such porphyrin-doped GNPs avoids the use of any toxic chemicals or solvents. The nanoprobes have also shown good fluorescence quantum yield demonstrating their applicability in bioimaging. Further, the mechanistic aspects of the anticancer and antimicrobial efficacy of the developed A4por-GNPs were evaluated via singlet oxygen generation studies. Overall, our results indicated porphyrin-doped biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles act as effective phototherapeutic agents against a broad range of cancer cell lines and microbes upon activation by the low-cost LED light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Kirar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Dasharath Chaudhari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Neeraj S Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India; Department of Nanomaterials and Application Technology, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Jayeeta Bhaumik
- Department of Nanomaterials and Application Technology, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Joydev K Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Uttam C Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Biotechnology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar 160062, Punjab, India.
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Akbarzadeh AR, Nekoeifard M, Rahmatollah R, Keshavarz MH. Two spectral QSPR models of porphyrin macromolecules for chelating heavy metals and different ligands released from industrial solvents: CH 2Cl 2, CHCl 3 and toluene. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 31:347-371. [PMID: 32460542 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2020.1747534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two simple and reliable correlations are introduced for the prediction of emission and absorption of porphyrins and their derivatives, i.e. metalloporphyrins and ligand coordinated metalloporphyrins. They can be used to sense the extracted precious metals. The proposed models require only simple structural parameters such as the number of carbon, metal and metal-free molecular fragments of desirable porphyrins or their derivatives. Since the proposed models depend on molecular structures of the desired compounds, they can be easily applied for complex molecular structures. Experimental data of 272 porphyrin derivatives were used to derive and test the novel models for the assessment of their emission (Em.) and absorption (Abs.) values in three solvents namely dichloromethane, toluene and chloroform. The values of the coefficients of determination (r 2) for the training set (183 compounds) in dichloromethane and three different test sets, corresponding to the three mentioned solvents, for the emission and absorption correlations were greater than 0.70. The calculated values of the root-mean-square error (RMSE) for the training sets of Em. and Abs. correlations were equal to 7.56 and 4.86 nm, respectively. Further statistical parameters also confirm the high reliability of the new models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Akbarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology , Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - M Nekoeifard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology , Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - R Rahmatollah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology , Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - M H Keshavarz
- Department of Chemistry, Malek-ashtar University of Technology , Shahin-shahr, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Nasrollahi R, Martín-Gomis L, Fernández-Lázaro F, Zakavi S, Sastre-Santos Á. Effect of the Number of Anchoring and Electron-Donating Groups on the Efficiency of Free-Base- and Zn-Porphyrin-Sensitized Solar Cells. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E650. [PMID: 30795530 PMCID: PMC6416604 DOI: 10.3390/ma12040650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of porphyrin compounds, free base (H₂P) and their Zn (II) metallated analogues (ZnP), bearing one, two or three carboxylic acid groups, have been synthesized, characterized, and used as sensitizers in dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The performance of these devices has been analyzed, showing higher efficiencies of those sensitized with ZnP compounds. These results have been explained, on one hand, taking into account the electronic character of the metal ion, which acts as mediator in the injection step, and, on the other, considering the number of anchoring groups, which determines both the stereoelectronic character of the dye and the way it binds to TiO₂ surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Nasrollahi
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Luis Martín-Gomis
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
| | - Fernando Fernández-Lázaro
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
| | - Saeed Zakavi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203 Elche, Spain.
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