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Keni LG, Satish Shenoy B, Chethan KN, Hegde P, Prakashini K, Tamagawa M, Zuber M. CFD investigation of multiple peristaltic waves in a 3D unobstructed ureter. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2024; 10:025011. [PMID: 38227968 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/ad1f02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Ureters are essential components of the urinary system and play a crucial role in the transportation of urine from the kidneys to the bladder. In the current study, a three-dimensional ureter is modelled. A series of peristaltic waves are made to travel on the ureter wall to analyse and measure parameter effects such as pressure, velocity, gradient pressure, and wall shear at different time steps. The flow dynamics in the ureters are thoroughly analysed using the commercially available ANSYS-CFX software. The maximum pressure is found in the triple wave at the ureteropelvic junction and maximum velocity is observed in the single and double wave motion due to the contraction produced by the peristalsis motion. The pressure gradient is maximum at the inlet of the ureter during the single bolus motion. The contraction produces a high jet of velocity due to neck formation and also helps in urine trapping in the form of a bolus, which leads to the formation of reverse flow. Due to the reduction in area, shear stress builds on the ureter wall. The high shear stress may rupture the junctions in the ureter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmikant G Keni
- Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - B Satish Shenoy
- Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K N Chethan
- Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Padmaraj Hegde
- Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K Prakashini
- Department of Radio Diagnosis, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Masaaki Tamagawa
- Department of Biological Functions and Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
| | - Mohammad Zuber
- Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
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