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Elaiw AM, Al Agha AD, Alshaikh MA. Global stability of a within-host SARS-CoV-2/cancer model with immunity and diffusion. INT J BIOMATH 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793524521500935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It started in China and spread quickly to all continents. This virus has changed the life style and the education system in many countries. As for other viruses, mathematical models have been rated as a useful tool to support the research on COVID-19. In this work, we develop a reaction–diffusion model to describe the within-host dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients. This model studies the interactions between nutrient, healthy epithelial cells, cancer cells, SARS-CoV-2 particles, and immune cells. The model incorporates the spatial mobility of the cells and viruses. The model includes parameters for measuring the effect of lymphopenia on SARS-CoV-2/cancer patients. We verify the basic features of the model’s solutions including the uniqueness, nonnegativity and boundedness. We list all equilibrium points of the proposed model. We show the global stability and the local instability of the most meaningful equilibria. We display some numerical simulations to enhance our theoretical results. The results indicate that diffusion can have a clear effect at the beginning of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lymphopenia in SARS-CoV-2/cancer patients impairs the immune responses against cancer and SARS-CoV-2, and worsens the health state of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. M. Elaiw
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
| | - A. D. Al Agha
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. A. Alshaikh
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 888, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
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