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Türtscher J, Jambura PL, Villalobos-Segura E, López-Romero FA, Underwood CJ, Thies D, Lauer B, Lauer R, Kriwet J. Rostral and body shape analyses reveal cryptic diversity of Late Jurassic batomorphs (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from Europe. PAPERS IN PALAEONTOLOGY 2024; 10:e1552. [PMID: 38799546 PMCID: PMC7615989 DOI: 10.1002/spp2.1552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The fossil record of chondrichthyans (chimaeras, sharks, rays and skates) consists largely of isolated teeth, with holomorphic specimens being extraordinary exceptions. However, numerous of these more or less completely preserved specimens are known from several Upper Jurassic deposits of Europe, enabling detailed analysis of their morphology. Batomorphs (rays and skates) resembling modern guitarfishes and wedgefishes (Rhinopristiformes) are among the most common Jurassic chondrichthyans found, but they have been only sporadically studied up to now, resulting in large knowledge gaps concerning their taxonomy and phylogeny. Here, we present the most detailed revision of Late Jurassic holomorphic batomorphs to date, quantitatively analysing body proportions of specimens from Germany (Solnhofen Archipelago), France (Cerin) and the UK (Kimmeridge), using both geometric and traditional morphometrics. Furthermore, we identify qualitative morphological characters for species discrimination, to clarify the taxonomic identity and diversity of Late Jurassic batomorphs based on holomorphic specimens. Our results support the validity of Belemnobatis sismondae, Kimmerobatis etchesi and Spathobatis bugesiacus, as well as that of the previously doubtful Asterodermus platypterus. Moreover, we describe Aellopobatis bavarica, a new taxon, which has hitherto been considered to be a large-sized morphotype of Spathobatis bugesiacus. Our results highlight that the diversity of holomorphic batomorphs during the Late Jurassic was greater than previously thought, and suggest that this group was already well-established and diverse by this time. This study thus provides vital information about the evolutionary history of Late Jurassic batomorphs and has direct implications for batomorph species that are based on isolated teeth only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Türtscher
- Department of Palaeontology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Geography & Astronomy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Ecology & Evolution (VDSEE), University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick L. Jambura
- Department of Palaeontology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Geography & Astronomy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Ecology & Evolution (VDSEE), University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eduardo Villalobos-Segura
- Department of Palaeontology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Geography & Astronomy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Faviel A. López-Romero
- Department of Palaeontology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Geography & Astronomy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Detlev Thies
- Zentrale Einrichtung für Weiterbildung, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Schloßwender Straße 5+7, 30159 Hannover, Germany
| | - Bruce Lauer
- Lauer Foundation for Paleontology, Science & Education, Wheaton, ILs, USA
| | - René Lauer
- Lauer Foundation for Paleontology, Science & Education, Wheaton, ILs, USA
| | - Jürgen Kriwet
- Department of Palaeontology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Geography & Astronomy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Ecology & Evolution (VDSEE), University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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Carrillo-Briceño JD, Cadena EA. A new hybodontiform shark ( Strophodus Agassiz 1838) from the Lower Cretaceous (Valanginian-Hauterivian) of Colombia. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13496. [PMID: 35673391 PMCID: PMC9167585 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate marine faunas that inhabited northern South America during the Cretaceous are still poorly known. This study is a contribution to a growing wave of new studies on Lower Cretaceous vertebrates from Colombia. Here we report and describe a new species of a hybodontiform shark of the genus Strophodus, which we named Strophodus rebecae sp. nov., based on isolated teeth, that were collected in Valanginian-Hauterivian rocks of the Rosa Blanca Formation (Carrizal and El Sapo Members) near the town of Zapatoca, Santander Department, Andes of Colombia. In addition, we describe two other fragmented teeth assigned to Strophodus sp. from the Rosa Blanca Fm. The new species from Colombia represents the only Cretaceous record of Strophodus from Gondwana, offering new insights into the paleogeographic distribution of the genus, as well as increasing the knowledge about the scarce hybodontiform paleodiversity known from South America. The presence of Strophodus in the Rosa Blanca Formation suggests that these durophagous (shell-crushing) fishes played an important role as predators of the abundant and diverse invertebrate fauna present in these ancient tropical coastal ecosystems of Gondwana.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edwin-Alberto Cadena
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Grupo de Paleontología Neotropical Tradicional y Molecular (PaleoNeo), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama
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Diversity Patterns of Late Jurassic Chondrichthyans: New Insights from a Historically Collected Hybodontiform Tooth Assemblage from Poland. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Here, we provide a detailed taxonomic reassessment of a historically collected chondrichthyan dental assemblage from the lower Kimmeridgian of Czarnogłowy in north-western Poland and discuss its significance for better understanding hybodontiform diversity patterns prior to their post-Jurassic decline in fully marine environments. In spite of its low taxonomic diversity, consisting of four large-toothed taxa (viz., Strophodus udulfensis, Asteracanthus ornatissimus, Planohybodus sp. and cf. Meristodonoides sp.), this assemblage is remarkable in that there are only very few Mesozoic hybodontiform assemblages with more large-toothed genera or even species. Comparisons with other European Late Jurassic hybodontiform-bearing localities demonstrate fairly homogenous distribution patterns characterized by large-bodied epipelagic forms of high dispersal ability. This is in stark contrast to post-Jurassic hybodontiform associations, which are dominated by smaller species that were predominantly bound to marginal marine and continental waters, suggesting a major reorganization of chondrichthyan communities during the Early Cretaceous.
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Manzanares E, Rasskin-Gutman D, Botella H. New insights into the enameloid microstructure of batoid fishes (Chondrichthyes). Zool J Linn Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Manzanares
- Department of Geology; University of Valencia; C/Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot Valencia E-46100 Spain
| | - Diego Rasskin-Gutman
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat I Biología Evolutiva; University of Valencia; C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 5, Paterna Valencia E-46980 Spain
| | - Héctor Botella
- Department of Geology; University of Valencia; C/Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot Valencia E-46100 Spain
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Enault S, Guinot G, Koot MB, Cuny G. Chondrichthyan tooth enameloid: past, present, and future. Zool J Linn Soc 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Enault
- Laboratoire de Paléontologie; Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier (ISE-M, UMR 5554, CNRS, UM2, IRD); c.c. 064 Université Montpellier 2 place Eugène Bataillon F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
| | - Guillaume Guinot
- Department of Geology and Palaeontology; Natural History Museum of Geneva; Route de Malagnou 1 CP 6434 CH-1211 Geneva 6 Switzerland
| | | | - Gilles Cuny
- UMR CNRS 5276 ENS LGLTPE; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Campus de la Doua Bâtiment Géode 2, rue Raphaël Dubois F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex France
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Enault S, Cappetta H, Adnet S. Simplification of the enameloid microstructure of large stingrays (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes): a functional approach. Zool J Linn Soc 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Enault
- ISEM; UMR CNRS 5554; Université Montpellier 2; CC064, Place Eugène Bataillon; 34095; Montpellier Cedex 5; France
| | - Henri Cappetta
- ISEM; UMR CNRS 5554; Université Montpellier 2; CC064, Place Eugène Bataillon; 34095; Montpellier Cedex 5; France
| | - Sylvain Adnet
- ISEM; UMR CNRS 5554; Université Montpellier 2; CC064, Place Eugène Bataillon; 34095; Montpellier Cedex 5; France
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