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Li H, Foley AR, Shim J, Siradze K, Webb-Vargas Y, Sperinde G, Fischer SK. A generic anti-drug antibody assay for monoclonal antibody therapeutics with broad dynamic range eliminates the need for titer evaluation in preclinical studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 249:116364. [PMID: 39047461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
In preclinical protein therapeutic development studies, the emergence of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) can potentially impact drug pharmacokinetics and safety. While immunogenicity assessment is not mandatory in preclinical studies, banking samples can be valuable for interpreting unexpected pharmacological responses. Immunoassays that use generic reagents across different drug molecules can simplify ADA assessment and expedite sample evaluations. This work showcases the ability of the Gyrolab automated immunoassay platform to detect and quantify both drug-free and drug-bound (total) ADAs to monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapeutics in cynomolgus monkey preclinical studies. Compared to the previously reported total ADA ELISA, the Gyrolab assay exhibited a wider signal dynamic range and increased drug tolerance. Similar sensitivity, dynamic range and cut point factors were observed for four therapeutic mAbs of different isotypes using the Gyrolab assay. Here we present a comparison of ADA assays using bridging ELISA, total ADA ELISA and total ADA Gyrolab formats in a cynomolgus monkey study where the subjects were treated with a single dose of a mAb therapeutic. We demonstrate that the total ADA assays detected host ADA responses at earlier time points compared to the bridging ELISA. The Gyrolab assay has the best correlation between signal-to-noise (S/N) and titer over a wide ADA concentration range, highlighting the utility of Gyrolab in S/N reporting of ADA response to eliminate the need for secondary titer assays. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the generic ADA Gyrolab assay minimizes the necessity for extensive assay development and optimization for therapeutic mAbs, streamlining preclinical immunogenicity assessment to enable interpretation of pharmacological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Alejandro R Foley
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Jeongsup Shim
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ketevan Siradze
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yenny Webb-Vargas
- Nonclinical Biostatistics, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Gizette Sperinde
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Saloumeh K Fischer
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Peng B, Wang Y, Xie Y, Dong X, Liu W, Li D, Chen H. An overview of influenza A virus detection methods: from state-of-the-art of laboratories to point-of-care strategies. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4496-4515. [PMID: 38946516 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00508b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV), a common respiratory infectious pathogen, poses a significant risk to personal health and public health safety due to rapid mutation and wide host range. To better prevent and treat IAV, comprehensive measures are needed for early and rapid screening and detection of IAV. Although traditional laboratory-based techniques are accurate, they are often time-consuming and not always feasible in emergency or resource-limited areas. In contrast, emerging point-of-care strategies provide faster results but may compromise sensitivity and specificity. Here, this review critically evaluates various detection methods for IAV from established laboratory-based procedures to innovative rapid diagnosis. By analyzing the recent research progress, we aim to address significant gaps in understanding the effectiveness, practicality, and applicability of these methods in different scenarios, which could provide information for healthcare strategies, guide public health response measures, and ultimately strengthen patient care in the face of the ongoing threat of IAV. Through a detailed comparison of diagnostic models, this review can provide a reliable reference for rapid, accurate and efficient detection of IAV, and to contribute to the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of IAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Peng
- Guangzhou Huashang Vocational College, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Guangzhou Institute for Food Inspection, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yueliang Xie
- Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic College, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Xiangyan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Wen Liu
- Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic College, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Varela de Andrade A, Sartori Pereira F, Nascimento da Silva F, Felippe da Silva G, de Lourdes Borba Magalhães M. Validation and optimization of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique for rapid detection of wheat stripe mosaic virus, a wheat-infecting pathogen. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2024; 22:100373. [PMID: 38797547 PMCID: PMC10997836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat stripe mosaic virus (WhSMV) is a significant wheat pathogen that causes substantial yield losses in Brazil and other countries. Although several detection methods are available, reliable and efficient tools for on-site WhSMV detection are currently lacking. In this study, a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) method was developed for rapid and reliable field detection of WhSMV. We designed WhSMV-specific primers for the LAMP assay and optimized reaction conditions for increased sensitivity and specificity using infected plant samples. RESULTS We have developed a diagnostic method utilizing the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) technique capable of rapidly and reliably detecting WhSMV. The LAMP assay has been optimized to enhance sensitivity, specificity, and cost-effectiveness. CONCLUSION The LAMP assay described here represents a valuable tool for early WhSMV detection, serving to mitigate the adverse economic and social impacts of this viral pathogen. By enabling swift and accurate identification, this assay can significantly improve the sustainability of cereal production systems, safeguarding crop yields against the detrimental effects of WhSMV.
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Dai H, Zhang J, Wu Y, Zhao J, Liu C, Cheng Y. Tyramine-Invertase Bioconjugate-Amplified Personal Glucose Meter Signaling for Ultrasensitive Immunoassay. Anal Chem 2024; 96:1789-1794. [PMID: 38230634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Highly sensitive and facile detection of low levels of protein markers is of great significance for the early diagnosis and efficacy monitoring of diseases. Herein, aided by an efficient tyramine-signal amplification (TSA) mechanism, we wish to report a simple but ultrasensitive immunoassay with signal readout on a portable personal glucose meter (PGM). In this study, the bioconjugates of tyramine and invertase (Tyr-inv), which act as the critical bridge to convert and amplify the protein concentration information into glucose, are prepared following a click chemistry reaction. Then, in the presence of a target protein, the sandwich immunoreaction between the immobilized capture antibody, the target protein, and the horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated detection antibody is specifically performed in a 96-well microplate. Subsequently, the specifically loaded HRP-conjugated detection antibodies will catalyze the amplified deposition of a large number of Tyr-inv molecules onto adjacent proteins through highly efficient TSA. Then, the deposited invertase, whose dosage can faithfully reflect the original concentration of the target protein, can efficiently convert sucrose to glucose. The amount of finally produced glucose is simply quantified by the PGM, realizing the highly sensitive detection of trace protein markers such as the carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha fetoprotein antigen at the fg/mL level. This method is simple, cost-effective, and ultrasensitive without the requirement of sophisticated instruments or specialized laboratory equipment, which may provide a universal and promising technology for highly sensitive immunoassay for in vitro diagnosis of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Hebei University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province; State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jiangyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Hebei University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province; State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Yating Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Hebei University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province; State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Hebei University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province; State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Chenghui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Hebei University), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province; State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, P. R. China
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Vu BV, Brosamer K, McDaniel N, Kourentzi K, Willson RC, Fernando H. "Glow ELISA": sensitive immunoassay with minimal equipment and stable reagents. Analyst 2023; 148:5582-5587. [PMID: 37819257 PMCID: PMC10658793 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01623d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Glow enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (glow ELISA) uses inexpensive and shelf-stable glow stick reagents to chemically excite fluorescent reporters, obviating the need for excitation light sources, filters, and complex optics. It achieves excellent limits of detection while offering portability and equipment cost comparable to lateral flow immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binh V Vu
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Kristen Brosamer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Naiyah McDaniel
- Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, Texas, USA.
| | - Katerina Kourentzi
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Richard C Willson
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Harshica Fernando
- Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, Texas, USA.
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Fernández Encinas L, Lluch N, Wu AHB, Kaski JC, Badimon L, Cubedo J. A Novel ELISA for the Quantification of Serum Levels of 2 Glycosylated Variants of Apolipoprotein J: Biomarkers for Myocardial Ischemia. J Appl Lab Med 2023; 8:917-930. [PMID: 37473435 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have pointed out a potential role of ApoJ-Glyc as a biomarker of cardiac ischemia. The aim of this study was to validate the analytical performance of 2 novel ELISAs against 2 different glycosylated ApoJ variants, ApoJ-GlycA2 and ApoJ-GlycA6. METHODS The analytical measuring range, limit of blank (LoB), lower limit of quantification (LoQ), precision, accuracy, recovery, cross-reactivity, and stability were evaluated in serum samples. RESULTS The analytical measuring range was 500-16 000 ng/mL for ApoJ-GlycA2 and 125-4000 ng/mL for ApoJ-GlycA6, with a LoB of 455 ng/mL and 121 ng/mL for ApoJ-GlycA2 and ApoJ-GlycA6, respectively. The LoQ was 500 ng/mL for ApoJ-GlycA2 and 125 ng/mL for ApoJ-GlycA6. The assay performance fulfills the acceptance criteria established in the European Medicines Agency Guideline on bioanalytical method validation. Specifically, the calibration range variability is <15% for ApoJ-GlycA2 and ApoJ-GlycA6; the accuracy is <15% for ApoJ-GlycA2 and ApoJ-GlycA6; the between- and within-run precision is <15% for ApoJ-GlycA6 and ≤20% for ApoJ-GlycA2; and the total allowable error is <30% for ApoJ-GlycA2 and ApoJ-GlycA6. Cross-reactivity studies revealed the absence of cross-reactivity with endogenous components of the matrix (using ApoJ-depleted serum), with nonglycosylated ApoJ and with transferrin (as a high abundant N-glycosylated serum protein). Both ApoJ-GlycA2 and ApoJ-GlycA6 measurements were stable after storage of serum samples at -80°C for 24 months. CONCLUSIONS The newly developed ELISAs to quantify ApoJ-GlycA2 and ApoJ-GlycA6 serum levels showed an acceptable analytical performance according to European Medicines Agency guidelines on bioanalytical method validation in terms of precision, accuracy, recovery, cross-reactivity, and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuria Lluch
- R&D department, GlyCardial Diagnostics, S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alan H B Wu
- Clinical Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratories, San Francisco General Hospital and Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Juan Carlos Kaski
- R&D department, GlyCardial Diagnostics, S.L., Barcelona, Spain
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lina Badimon
- R&D department, GlyCardial Diagnostics, S.L., Barcelona, Spain
- Cardiovascular Research Center-ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Cubedo
- R&D department, GlyCardial Diagnostics, S.L., Barcelona, Spain
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Lu L, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang P, Zhu Z, Yang C. Dissolution-Enhanced Luminescence Enhanced Digital Microfluidics Immunoassay for Sensitive and Automated Detection of H5N1. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:6526-6535. [PMID: 36708351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Protein bioassay is a critical tool for the screening and detection of protein biomarkers in disease diagnostics and biological applications. However, the detection sensitivity and system automation of current immunoassays do not meet the emerging demands of clinical applications. Here, we developed a dissolution-enhanced luminescence-enhanced digital microfluidics immunoassay (DEL-DMF), which significantly improves the sensitivity and automation of the protein bioassay. In DEL-DMF, the sample and reagent droplets are controlled to complete the processes of sample transport, immunoreaction, and buffer washing, which not only minimizes sample consumption to 2 μL and enhances the binding efficiency of immunoreaction but also streamlines all the procedures and simplifies the process of immunoassay. Moreover, dissolution-enhanced luminescence using NaEuF4 NPs as nanoprobes boosts the fluorescence and increases the sensitivity of the bioassay. We demonstrate the enhanced analytical performance of our DEL-DMF immunoassay to detect H5N1 hemagglutinin in human serum and saliva. A limit of detection of 1.16 pM was achieved in less than 0.5 h with only 2 μL sample consumption. Overall, our DEL-DMF immunoassay combines the merits of the microfluidics platform and dissolution-enhanced luminescence, thus affording superior detection sensitivity and system automation for protein biomarkers. This novel immunoassay microsystem holds great potential in clinical and biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianyu Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yang Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Chaoyong Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, the Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361005, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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