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Baden N, Watanabe H, Aoyagi M, Ujii H, Fujita Y. Surface-enhanced optical-mid-infrared photothermal microscopy using shortened colloidal silver nanowires: a noble approach for mid-infrared surface sensing. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:1311-1317. [PMID: 38808389 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00106k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
We propose surface-enhanced optical-mid-infrared photothermal (MIP) microscopy using highly crystalline silver nanowires, acting as a Fabry-Perot resonator, and demonstrate its applicability to enhanced mid-infrared surface sensing of thin polymer layers as thin as 20 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Baden
- Nihon Thermal Consulting, Co., Ltd, 3-9-2 Nishishinjuku, Sinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hirohmi Watanabe
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kagamiyama 3-11-32, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan.
| | - Masaru Aoyagi
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kagamiyama 3-11-32, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Ujii
- Research Institute for Electronic Science (RIES) and Division of Information Science and Technology, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, N20W10, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Science (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Fujita
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kagamiyama 3-11-32, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-0046, Japan.
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Lazic V, Andreoli F, Almaviva S, Pistilli M, Menicucci I, Ulrich C, Schnürer F, Chirico R. A Novel LIBS Sensor for Sample Examinations on a Crime Scene. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1469. [PMID: 38475005 DOI: 10.3390/s24051469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we present a compact LIBS sensor developed for characterization of samples on a crime scene following requirements of law enforcement agencies involved in the project. The sensor operates both in a tabletop mode, for aside measurements of swabbed materials or taken fragments, and in handheld mode where the sensor head is pointed directly on targets at the scene. The sensor head is connected via an umbilical to an instrument box that could be battery-powered and contains also a color camera for sample visualization, illumination LEDs, and pointing system for placing the target in focus. Here we describe the sensor's architecture and functionalities, the optimization of the acquisition parameters, and the results of some LIBS measurements. On nano-plotted traces at silica wafer and in optimized conditions, for most of the elements the detection limits, in term of the absolute element masses, were found to be below 10 picograms. We also show results obtained on some representative materials, like fingerprints, swabbed soil and gunshot residue, varnishes on metal, and coated plastics. The last, solid samples were used to evaluate the depth profiling capabilities of the instrument, where the recognition of all four car paint layers was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Lazic
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Laboratory FSN-TECFIS-DIM, Via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Andreoli
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Laboratory FSN-FUSEN-TEN, Via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Salvatore Almaviva
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Laboratory FSN-TECFIS-DIM, Via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Marco Pistilli
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Laboratory FSN-TECFIS-DIM, Via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Ivano Menicucci
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Laboratory FSN-TECFIS-DIM, Via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Christian Ulrich
- Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology ICT, Energetic Materials Department, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Str. 7, 76327 Pfinztal, Germany
| | - Frank Schnürer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology ICT, Energetic Materials Department, Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Str. 7, 76327 Pfinztal, Germany
| | - Roberto Chirico
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Laboratory FSN-TECFIS-DIM, Via Enrico Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Almirall
- Florida International University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Advanced Research in Forensic Science, Miami, FL, USA,Corresponding author.
| | - Tatiana Trejos
- West Virginia University, Department of Forensic and Investigative Science, USA
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Ong TH, Ljunggren J, Mendum T, Geurtsen G, Kunz RR. Vapor Signatures of Double-Base Smokeless Powders and Gunshot Residues for Supporting Canine Odor Imprinting. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22567-22576. [PMID: 35811902 PMCID: PMC9260922 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-intrusive means to detect concealed firearms based on magnetometry are widely accepted and employed worldwide. Explosive detection canines can also detect concealed firearms provided that they are imprinted on materials that may be related to firearms such as nitroglycerin in double-base smokeless powders. However, there are hundreds of possible smokeless powder formulations across various manufacturers, presenting a challenge for trained canines to generalize across all possible powder compositions. In response, this paper reports a set of potential imprinting vapor(s) that may help detection canines generalize across a variety of double-base smokeless powders and gunshot residues. Statistical analysis was conducted on the smokeless powder database maintained by the National Center for Forensic Science, and headspace measurements targeting nitroglycerin and diphenylamine were collected from several powders. In addition, measurements were taken to track nitroglycerin and diphenylamine vapor concentration changes over time on the spent casings and gun barrels of four types of ammunition. The observed vapor concentration mixing ratios for nitroglycerin and diphenylamine from residues were in the part-per-billion to part-per-trillion range, which would be challenging to detect for many field-deployed explosive vapor detectors and indicate continued importance of canines for forensic investigation and crime prevention. Analyses suggest four potential vapor compositions for imprinting. For unburnt powders, 90% nitroglycerin and 10% diphenylamine appear adequate for most powders, and 90% dinitrotoluene and 10% diphenylamine is a possible candidate to increase generalization to powders that contain dinitrotoluene instead of nitroglycerin. 100% nitroglycerin appears adequate for many gunshot residues (GSRs). Diphenylamine may be present in some GSRs, and equal compositions of nitroglycerin and diphenylamine may be adequate for imprinting against these residues as they age (this study tracked signatures up to 7 weeks after discharge).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Hsuan Ong
- Biological
& Chemical Technologies, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory, 244 Wood Street, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, United States
| | - James Ljunggren
- Charlie
Four Security Group, 33 Santom Street, Auburn, Massachusetts 01501, United States
| | - Ted Mendum
- Biological
& Chemical Technologies, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory, 244 Wood Street, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, United States
| | - Geoff Geurtsen
- Biological
& Chemical Technologies, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory, 244 Wood Street, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, United States
| | - Roderick Russell Kunz
- Biological
& Chemical Technologies, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory, 244 Wood Street, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, United States
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