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Li Q, Qu K. Electrochemical Impedimetric Platform Based on Con A@MIL-101 for Glycoprotein Detection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7974-7981. [PMID: 38564230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
An electrochemical impedimetric biosensing platform with lectin as a molecular recognition element has been established for the sensitive detection of glycoproteins, a class of important biomarkers in clinical diagnosis. One of the representative metal-organic framework materials, MIL-101(Cr)-NH2, was utilized as the supporting matrix, and its amino groups served as the anchors to immobilize the lectins of concanavalin A (Con A), constituting Con A@MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 for the determination of invertase (INV) as a model glycoprotein. The Con A concentration, immobilization time, and incubation time with INV were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the degree of impedance increase was linearly proportional to the logarithm of INV concentration between 1.0 × 10-16 and 1.0 × 10-11 M, affording a limit of detection as low as 3.98 × 10-18 M. Good specificity, stability, reproducibility, and repeatability were demonstrated for the fabricated biosensing platform. Moreover, real mouse serum samples were spiked with different concentrations of INV. Excellent recoveries were obtained, which demonstrated the biosensing platform's capability of analyzing glycoproteins within a complex matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlan Li
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, P. R. China
| | - Ke Qu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, P. R. China
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Ghasemi F, Salimi A. Advances in 2d Based Field Effect Transistors as Biosensing Platforms: From Principle to Biomedical Applications. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Echeverri D, Orozco J. Glycan-Based Electrochemical Biosensors: Promising Tools for the Detection of Infectious Diseases and Cancer Biomarkers. Molecules 2022; 27:8533. [PMID: 36500624 PMCID: PMC9736010 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycan-based electrochemical biosensors are emerging as analytical tools for determining multiple molecular targets relevant to diagnosing infectious diseases and detecting cancer biomarkers. These biosensors allow for the detection of target analytes at ultra-low concentrations, which is mandatory for early disease diagnosis. Nanostructure-decorated platforms have been demonstrated to enhance the analytical performance of electrochemical biosensors. In addition, glycans anchored to electrode platforms as bioreceptors exhibit high specificity toward biomarker detection. Both attributes offer a synergy that allows ultrasensitive detection of molecular targets of clinical interest. In this context, we review recent advances in electrochemical glycobiosensors for detecting infectious diseases and cancer biomarkers focused on colorectal cancer. We also describe general aspects of structural glycobiology, definitions, and classification of electrochemical biosensors and discuss relevant works on electrochemical glycobiosensors in the last ten years. Finally, we summarize the advances in electrochemical glycobiosensors and comment on some challenges and limitations needed to advance toward real clinical applications of these devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 N°52–20, Medellin 050010, Colombia
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4
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β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase-V colorectal cancer biomarker immunosensor with label-free electrochemical detection. Talanta 2022; 243:123337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Sharafeldin M, Fleschhut F, James T, Davis JJ. A Quantification of Target Protein Biomarkers in Complex Media by Faradaic Shotgun Tagging. Anal Chem 2022; 94:2375-2382. [PMID: 35083913 PMCID: PMC9082491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
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The
progressive emergence of protein biomarkers promises a revolution
in the healthcare industry and a shift of focus from disease management
to much earlier intervention. Here, we introduce a facile shotgun
tagging of ensemble proteins in clinically relevant media prior to
specific target capture at antibody-modified electrodes. This facilitates
a convenient voltammetric quantification of markers down to sub-pg/mL
levels and across several orders of concentration. A translation of
the methodology to an automated microfluidic platform enables marker
quantification from 25 μL of sample in less than 15 min, demonstrated
here with a simultaneous assaying of CRP and cardiac troponin I (cTnI).
The assays show a good correlation with a standard immunoassay when
applied to real patient serum samples. The platform is simple, generic,
highly sensitive and requires no secondary labeling/binding or amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sharafeldin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Felix Fleschhut
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Timothy James
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, U.K
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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Patrick SC, Hein R, Beer PD, Davis JJ. Continuous and Polarization-Tuned Redox Capacitive Anion Sensing at Electroactive Interfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19199-19206. [PMID: 34730337 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Continuous, real-time ion sensing is of great value across various environmental and medical scenarios but remains underdeveloped. Herein, we demonstrate the potential of redox capacitance spectroscopy as a sensitive and highly adaptable ion sensing methodology, exemplified by the continuous flow sensing of anions at redox-active halogen bonding ferrocenylisophthalamide self-assembled monolayers. Upon anion binding, the redox distribution of the electroactive interface, and its associated redox capacitance, are reversibly modulated, providing a simple and direct sensory readout. Importantly, the redox capacitance can be monitored at a freely chosen, constant electrode polarization, providing a facile means of tuning both the sensor analytical performance and the anion binding affinity, by up to 1 order of magnitude. In surpassing standard voltammetric methods in terms of analytical performance and adaptability, these findings pave the way for the development of highly sensitive and uniquely tunable ion sensors. More generally, this methodology also serves as a powerful and unprecedented means of simultaneously modulating and monitoring the thermodynamics and kinetics of host-guest interactions at redox-active interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Robert Hein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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7
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Sharafeldin M, James T, Davis JJ. Open Circuit Potential as a Tool for the Assessment of Binding Kinetics and Reagentless Protein Quantitation. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14748-14754. [PMID: 34699180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic open circuit potential label-free protein assay was developed for the reagentless quantification of C-reactive protein (CRP), a model protein target, and further utilized to assess target-receptor binding kinetics. Generated sensors have very high baseline stabilities (<1% change in 100 min) and high levels of selectivity in complex media. Real-time assays are fast (<20 min), of high sensitivity (1 ng/mL limit of detection for CRP in serum), and resolve kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics that correlate well with those resolved optically. The assay shows excellent correlation with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of patient samples. The methodology has value in potentially underpinning a low-cost, rapid, and sensitive single-step biomarker quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sharafeldin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Timothy James
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, U.K
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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Schulze H, Wilson H, Cara I, Carter S, Dyson EN, Elangovan R, Rimmer S, Bachmann TT. Label-Free Electrochemical Sensor for Rapid Bacterial Pathogen Detection Using Vancomycin-Modified Highly Branched Polymers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:1872. [PMID: 33800145 PMCID: PMC7962439 DOI: 10.3390/s21051872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rapid point of care tests for bacterial infection diagnosis are of great importance to reduce the misuse of antibiotics and burden of antimicrobial resistance. Here, we have successfully combined a new class of non-biological binder molecules with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based sensor detection for direct, label-free detection of Gram-positive bacteria making use of the specific coil-to-globule conformation change of the vancomycin-modified highly branched polymers immobilized on the surface of gold screen-printed electrodes upon binding to Gram-positive bacteria. Staphylococcus carnosus was detected after just 20 min incubation of the sample solution with the polymer-functionalized electrodes. The polymer conformation change was quantified with two simple 1 min EIS tests before and after incubation with the sample. Tests revealed a concentration dependent signal change within an OD600 range of Staphylococcus carnosus from 0.002 to 0.1 and a clear discrimination between Gram-positive Staphylococcus carnosus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria. This exhibits a clear advancement in terms of simplified test complexity compared to existing bacteria detection tests. In addition, the polymer-functionalized electrodes showed good storage and operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Schulze
- Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (H.S.); (H.W.); (I.C.)
| | - Harry Wilson
- Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (H.S.); (H.W.); (I.C.)
| | - Ines Cara
- Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (H.S.); (H.W.); (I.C.)
| | - Steven Carter
- Polymer and Biomaterials Chemistry Laboratories, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK; (S.C.); (E.N.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Edward N. Dyson
- Polymer and Biomaterials Chemistry Laboratories, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK; (S.C.); (E.N.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Ravikrishnan Elangovan
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India;
| | - Stephen Rimmer
- Polymer and Biomaterials Chemistry Laboratories, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK; (S.C.); (E.N.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Till T. Bachmann
- Infection Medicine, Edinburgh Medical School, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Chancellor’s Building, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (H.S.); (H.W.); (I.C.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Sharafeldin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Jason J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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Fu Y, Jiang C, Tofaris GK, Davis JJ. Facile Impedimetric Analysis of Neuronal Exosome Markers in Parkinson's Disease Diagnostics. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13647-13651. [PMID: 32945162 PMCID: PMC7584333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
egress of α-synuclein in neuronally derived exosomes
predates the clinical presentation of Parkinson’s disease (PD),
offering a means of developing a predictive or prognostic test. Here,
we report the reagentless impedimetric assay of two internal exosome
markers (α-synuclein and syntenin-1) from neuronal exosomes.
Exosomes were efficiently extracted from patient sera using anti-L1CAM
conjugated zwitterionic polymer-modified magnetic beads prior to lysis
and analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The quantification
of α-synuclein level across 40 clinical samples resolved statistically
significant differences between PD patients and healthy controls (HC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - George K Tofaris
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
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Printed Electrodes in Microfluidic Arrays for Cancer Biomarker Protein Detection. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10090115. [PMID: 32906644 PMCID: PMC7559629 DOI: 10.3390/bios10090115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Medical diagnostics is trending towards a more personalized future approach in which multiple tests can be digitized into patient records. In cancer diagnostics, patients can be tested for individual protein and genomic biomarkers that detect cancers at very early stages and also be used to monitor cancer progression or remission during therapy. These data can then be incorporated into patient records that could be easily accessed on a cell phone by a health care professional or the patients themselves on demand. Data on protein biomarkers have a large potential to be measured in point-of-care devices, particularly diagnostic panels that could provide a continually updated, personalized record of a disease like cancer. Electrochemical immunoassays have been popular among protein detection methods due to their inherent high sensitivity and ease of coupling with screen-printed and inkjet-printed electrodes. Integrated chips featuring these kinds of electrodes can be built at low cost and designed for ease of automation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) features are adopted in most of these ultrasensitive detection systems, with microfluidics allowing easy manipulation and good fluid dynamics to deliver reagents and detect the desired proteins. Several of these ultrasensitive systems have detected biomarker panels ranging from four to eight proteins, which in many cases when a specific cancer is suspected may be sufficient. However, a grand challenge lies in engineering microfluidic-printed electrode devices for the simultaneous detection of larger protein panels (e.g., 50-100) that could be used to test for many types of cancers, as well as other diseases for truly personalized care.
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