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Zhou D, Yue H, Chang X, Mo Y, Liu Y, Chang H, Li L. Mimicking Motor Proteins: Wall-Guided Self-Navigation of Microwheels. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8853-8862. [PMID: 38470259 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Untethered micro/nanorobots (MNRs) show great promise in biomedicine. However, high-precision targeted in vivo navigation of MNRs into both deep and tiny microtube networks comes with big challenges because the present medical imaging cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high resolution, high penetration depth, and high real-time performance. Inspired by intracellular motor proteins that transport cargo along cytoskeletal tracks, this study proposed a microtube inwall-guided targeted self-navigation strategy of magnetic microwheels (μ-wheels) that relies only on interactions with a microtube inwall, compared to conventional techniques that rely on real-time imaging and tracking of MNRs. By presetting the direction of the rotating magnetic field, the μ-wheel realized targeted navigation along the inwall. The propulsion principles behind it are elaborated. The targeted self-navigation of the μ-wheels in three-dimensional microtube networks, a spiral microtube, and an intrahepatic bile duct of a pig was conducted. Lastly, based on the strategy, a practical tumor early detection method was proposed and verified by means of magnetic resonance imaging. The microtube inwall-guided targeted self-navigation strategy reduces the dependence of in vivo targeted navigation of MNRs on the real-time performance of medical imaging technology and greatly contributes to the development of MNRs in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dekai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Honger Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaocong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yi Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Hongjie Chang
- Heilongjiang Province Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
| | - Longqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China
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2
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Wang X, Bai R. Advances in smart delivery of magnetic field-targeted drugs in cardiovascular diseases. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2256495. [PMID: 37702067 PMCID: PMC10501169 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2256495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic Drug Targeting (MDT) is of particular interest to researchers because of its good loading efficiency, targeting accuracy, and versatile use in vivo. Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a global chronic disease with a high mortality rate, and the development of more precise and effective treatments is imminent. A growing number of studies have begun to explore the feasibility of MDT in CVD, but an up-to-date systematic summary is still lacking. This review discusses the current research status of MDT from guiding magnetic fields, magnetic nanocarriers, delivery channels, drug release control, and safety assessment. The current application status of MDT in CVD is also critically introduced. On this basis, new insights into the existing problems and future optimization directions of MDT are further highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruru Bai
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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3
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Wang Y, Chen J, Su G, Mei J, Li J. A Review of Single-Cell Microrobots: Classification, Driving Methods and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1710. [PMID: 37763873 PMCID: PMC10537272 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell microrobots are new microartificial devices that use a combination of single cells and artificial devices, with the advantages of small size, easy degradation and ease of manufacture. With externally driven strategies such as light fields, sound fields and magnetic fields, microrobots are able to carry out precise micromanipulations and movements in complex microenvironments. Therefore, single-cell microrobots have received more and more attention and have been greatly developed in recent years. In this paper, we review the main classifications, control methods and recent advances in the field of single-cell microrobot applications. First, different types of robots, such as cell-based microrobots, bacteria-based microrobots, algae-based microrobots, etc., and their design strategies and fabrication processes are discussed separately. Next, three types of external field-driven technologies, optical, acoustic and magnetic, are presented and operations realized in vivo and in vitro by applying these three technologies are described. Subsequently, the results achieved by these robots in the fields of precise delivery, minimally invasive therapy are analyzed. Finally, a short summary is given and current challenges and future work on microbial-based robotics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Junyang Li
- School of Electronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266000, China; (Y.W.); (J.C.); (G.S.); (J.M.)
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Hassanzadeh P, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R. Technical and engineering considerations for designing therapeutics and delivery systems. J Control Release 2023; 353:411-422. [PMID: 36470331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The newly-emerged pathological conditions and increased rates of drug resistance necessitate application of the state-of-the-art technologies for accelerated discovery of the therapeutic candidates and obtaining comprehensive knowledge about their targets, action mechanisms, and interactions within the body including those between the receptors and drugs. Using the physics- and chemistry-based modern techniques for theranostic purposes, preparing smart carriers, local delivery of genes or drugs, and enhancing pharmaceutical bioavailability could be of great value against the hard-to-treat diseases and growing drug resistance. Besides the artificial intelligence- and quantum-based techniques, crystal engineering capable of designing new molecules with appropriate characteristics, improving the stability and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs, and efficient carrier development could play a crucial role in manufacturing efficient pharmaceuticals and reducing the adverse events. In this context, identifying the structures and behaviors of crystals and predicting their characteristics are of great value. Electron diffraction by accelerated analysis of the chemicals and sensitivity to charge alterations, electromechanical tools for controlled delivery of therapeutics, mechatronics via fabrication of multi-functional smart products including the organ-on-chip devices for healthcare applications, and optomechatronics by overcoming the limitations of conventional biomedical techniques could address the unmet biomedical requirements and facilitate development of more effective theranostics with improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Hassanzadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; Sasan Hospital, Tehran 14159-83391, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
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5
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Wang J, Dong Y, Ma P, Wang Y, Zhang F, Cai B, Chen P, Liu BF. Intelligent Micro-/Nanorobots for Cancer Theragnostic. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201051. [PMID: 35385160 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most intractable diseases owing to its high mortality rate and lack of effective diagnostic and treatment tools. Advancements in micro-/nanorobot (MNR)-assisted sensing, imaging, and therapeutics offer unprecedented opportunities to develop MNR-based cancer theragnostic platforms. Unlike ordinary nanoparticles, which exhibit Brownian motion in biofluids, MNRs overcome viscous resistance in an ultralow Reynolds number (Re << 1) environment by effective self-propulsion. This unique locomotion property has motivated the advanced design and functionalization of MNRs as a basis for next-generation cancer-therapy platforms, which offer the potential for precise distribution and improved permeation of therapeutic agents. Enhanced barrier penetration, imaging-guided operation, and biosensing are additionally studied to enable the promising cancer-related applications of MNRs. Herein, the recent advances in MNR-based cancer therapy are comprehensively addresses, including actuation engines, diagnostics, medical imaging, and targeted drug delivery; promising research opportunities that can have a profound impact on cancer therapy over the next decade is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yue Dong
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ma
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fangyu Zhang
- Department of Nano Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Bocheng Cai
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Peng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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Aggarwal M, Kumar S. The Use of Nanorobotics in the Treatment Therapy of Cancer and Its Future Aspects: A Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e29366. [PMID: 36304358 PMCID: PMC9584632 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The late Nobel Physicist Richard P. Feynman, in a dinner talk in 1959, very rightly said that there is enough room for the betterment of technology beyond our scope of imagination, proposing utilizing mechanical tools to make those that are relatively smaller than the others, which further can be rendered fruitful in making even more compact mechanical devices, all the way down to the level of the smallest known atom, emphasizing that this is "a progress which I believe cannot be avoided". Feynman proposed that nanomachines, nanorobots, and nanodevices may eventually be utilized to construct a huge range of atomically accurate microscopic instruments and manufacturing equipment, as well as a large number of ultra-small devices and other nanoscale and microscale robotic structures. Biotechnology, molecular biology, and molecular medicine could be used to create totally self-sufficient nanorobots/nanobots. Nanorobotics includes sophisticated submicron devices constructed of nanocomponents that are viewed as a magnificent desired future of health care. It has a promising potential in medication delivery technology for cancer, the top cause of mortality among those under the age of 85 years. Nanorobots might transport and distribute vast volumes of anticancer medications into diseased cells without hurting normal cells, decreasing the adverse effects of existing therapies such as chemotherapy damage. The ultimate development of this innovation, which will be accomplished via a close partnership among specialists in robotics, medicine, and nanotechnology, will have a significant influence on illness detection, therapy, and prophylaxis. This report includes a study on several ways to cancer therapy utilizing nanorobots. Furthermore, it offers insight into the future breadth of this area of research.
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Shi S, Chen Y, Yao X. NGA-Inspired Nanorobots-Assisted Detection of Multifocal Cancer. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS 2022; 52:2787-2797. [PMID: 33055049 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2020.3024868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new framework of computing-inspired multifocal cancer detection procedure (MCDP). Under the rubric of MCDP, the tumor foci to be detected are regarded as solutions of the objective function, the tissue region around the cancer areas represents the parameter space, and the nanorobots loaded with contrast medium molecules for cancer detection correspond to the optimization agents. The process that the nanorobots detect tumors by swimming in the high-risk tissue region can be regarded as the process that the agents search for the solutions of an objective function in the parameter space with some constraints. For multimodal optimization (MMO) aiming to locate multiple optimal solutions in a single simulation run, the niche technology has been widely used. Specifically, the niche genetic algorithm (NGA) has been shown to be particularly effective in solving MMO. It can be used to identify the global optima of multiple hump functions in a running, effectively keep the diversity of the population, and prematurely avoid the genetic algorithm. Learning from the optimization procedure of NGA, we propose the NGA-inspired MCDP in order to locate the tumor targets efficiently while taking into account realistic in vivo propagation and controlling of nanorobots, which is different from the use scenario of the standard NGA. To improve the performance of the MCDP, we also modify the crossover operator of the original NGA from crossing within a population to crossing between two populations. Finally, we present comprehensive numerical examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of the NGA-inspired MCDP when the biological objective function is associated with the blood flow velocity profile caused by tumor-induced angiogenesis.
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Shete MB, Patil TS, Deshpande AS, Saraogi G, Vasdev N, Deshpande M, Rajpoot K, Tekade RK. Current trends in theranostic nanomedicines. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ehsani A, Jodaei A, Barzegar-Jalali M, Fathi E, Farahzadi R, Adibkia K. Nanomaterials and Stem Cell Differentiation Potential: An Overview of Biological Aspects and Biomedical Efficacy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1804-1823. [PMID: 34254903 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210712193113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) due to their medical applications are widely used. Accordingly, the use of mesenchymal stem cells is one of the most important alternatives in tissue engineering field. NPs play effective roles in stem cells proliferation and differentiation. The combination of NPs and tissue regeneration by stem cells has created new therapeutic approach towards humanity. Of note, the physicochemical properties of NPs determine their biological function. Interestingly, various mechanisms such as modulation of signaling pathways and generation of reactive oxygen species, are involved in NPs-induced cellular proliferation and differentiation. This review summarized the types of nanomaterials effective on stem cell differentiation, the physicochemical features, biomedical application of these materials and relationship between nanomaterials and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ehsani
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asma Jodaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Latiyan S, Suneet K, Jain S. Magneto-conducting multifunctional Janus microbots for intracellular delivery of biomolecules. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:625-633. [PMID: 33847076 DOI: 10.1002/term.3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although several advances have been made in the field of medicine during the last few decades, yet targeted delivery of biomolecules is still a significant challenge. Thus, the present study illustrates the fabrication of dual nature magneto-conducting Fe3 O4 -SU8 derived carbon-based Janus microbots that could deliver biomolecules efficiently inside cells. These microsystems possess dual properties, that is, the half part is magneto-conducting, and another half is only conducting for sufficing the therapeutic payloads efficiently under electromagnetic stimulations. These microbots are intrinsically fluorescent, which can help to trace them intracellularly without using any dye. UV photolithography was employed to design these low aspect ratio microbots (feature size ∼2.5 μm diameter and 3.7 μm length) for attaining better control over locomotion with minimum magnetic field intensity. Interestingly, Janus microbots achieved a higher speed in the electric field (44 µm/s) as compared to the magnetic field (18 µm/s). Moreover, in vitro studies show a higher microbots uptake by HeLa cells in the presence of an external electric field as compared to without electrical field stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Latiyan
- Centre Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Kaushik Suneet
- Centre Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shilpee Jain
- Centre Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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Abstract
![]()
Manipulation and navigation of micro
and nanoswimmers in different
fluid environments can be achieved by chemicals, external fields,
or even motile cells. Many researchers have selected magnetic fields
as the active external actuation source based on the advantageous
features of this actuation strategy such as remote and spatiotemporal
control, fuel-free, high degree of reconfigurability, programmability,
recyclability, and versatility. This review introduces fundamental
concepts and advantages of magnetic micro/nanorobots (termed here
as “MagRobots”) as well as basic knowledge of magnetic
fields and magnetic materials, setups for magnetic manipulation, magnetic
field configurations, and symmetry-breaking strategies for effective
movement. These concepts are discussed to describe the interactions
between micro/nanorobots and magnetic fields. Actuation mechanisms
of flagella-inspired MagRobots (i.e., corkscrew-like motion and traveling-wave
locomotion/ciliary stroke motion) and surface walkers (i.e., surface-assisted
motion), applications of magnetic fields in other propulsion approaches,
and magnetic stimulation of micro/nanorobots beyond motion are provided
followed by fabrication techniques for (quasi-)spherical, helical,
flexible, wire-like, and biohybrid MagRobots. Applications of MagRobots
in targeted drug/gene delivery, cell manipulation, minimally invasive
surgery, biopsy, biofilm disruption/eradication, imaging-guided delivery/therapy/surgery,
pollution removal for environmental remediation, and (bio)sensing
are also reviewed. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives
for the development of magnetically powered miniaturized motors are
discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaijuan Zhou
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Carmen C Mayorga-Martinez
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Salvador Pané
- Multi-Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL), Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems (IRIS), ETH Zurich, Tannenstrasse 3, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Martin Pumera
- Center for Advanced Functional Nanorobots, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea.,Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, Brno CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
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Tekin V, Aweda T, Kozgus Guldu O, Biber Muftuler FZ, Bartels J, Lapi SE, Unak P. A novel anti-angiogenic radio/photo sensitizer for prostate cancer imaging and therapy: 89Zr-Pt@TiO 2-SPHINX, synthesis and in vitro evaluation. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 94-95:20-31. [PMID: 33482596 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy and leading cause of cancer deaths in men. Thus, the development of novel strategies for performing combined prostate cancer imaging and therapy methods is crucial and could have a significant impact on patient care. This current study aimed to design a multimodality nanoconjugate to be used for both PET and optical imaging and as a therapeutic radio/photo sensitizer and anti-angiogenesis agent. Initial characterization of this novel nanoconjugate was performed via HPLC, FTIR, TEM and DLS analyses. Pt@TiO2-SPHINX was further evaluated using fluorometric and radiochromatographic methods. Cytotoxicity, cell uptake and internalization were also investigated as well as therapy with photodynamic/radio therapy combinations. Both nanoparticles and nanoconjugates were robustly synthesized according to literature methods. Radiochemistry and cell culture assays showed high 89Zr radiolabeling efficiency with sufficient stability for studies at later time points. Pt@TiO2-SPHINX was shown to target prostate cancer cells (PC3 and LNCaP), and was non-toxic to normal prostate cells (RWPE-1). This finding was supported by the WST-8 assay and AFM images. The uptake of the compound in prostate cancer cells is significantly higher than prostate normal cells and according to ELISA results, Pt@TiO2-SPHINX can increase anti-angiogenic VEGFA165b. Additionally, Pt@TiO2-SPHINX dramatically decreased the cell viability of prostate cancer cells when photodynamic and radio therapy were performed at the same time. In vitro results are promising for future studies of Pt@TiO2-SPHINX as a PET imaging agent and anti-angiogenic radio sensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Tekin
- Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Tolulope Aweda
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | | | | | - Jennifer Bartels
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Suzanne E Lapi
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Perihan Unak
- Institute of Nuclear Science, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Ghosh A, Liu Y, Artemov D, Gracias DH. Magnetic Resonance Guided Navigation of Untethered Microgrippers. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2000869. [PMID: 32691952 PMCID: PMC7854825 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microsurgical tools offer a path to less invasive clinical procedures with improved access, reduced trauma, and better recovery outcomes. There are a variety of rigid and flexible endoscopic devices that have significantly advanced diagnostics and microsurgery. However, they rely on wires or tethers for guidance and operation of small end-effector tools. While untethered physiologically responsive microgrippers have been previously shown to excise tissue from deep gastrointestinal locations in animal models, there are challenges associated with guiding them along paths and moving them to specific locations. In this communication, the magnetic dipole moment of untethered thermally responsive grippers is optimized for efficient coupling to external magnetic resonance (MR) fields. Gripper encapsulation in a millimeter sized wax pellet reduces the friction with the surrounding tissue and MR Navigation (MRN) of a 700 µm sized microgripper is realized within narrow channels in tissue phantoms and in an ex vivo porcine esophagus. The results show convincing proof-of-concept evidence that it is possible to sequentially image, move, and guide a submillimeter functional microsurgical tool in tissue conduits using a commercial preclinical MR system, and when combined with prior demonstrations of physiologically responsive in vivo biopsy are an important step towards the clinical translation of untethered microtools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Ghosh
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Yizhang Liu
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Dmitri Artemov
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - David H. Gracias
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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14
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Yan X, Zhou Q, Vincent M, Deng Y, Yu J, Xu J, Xu T, Tang T, Bian L, Wang YXJ, Kostarelos K, Zhang L. Multifunctional biohybrid magnetite microrobots for imaging-guided therapy. Sci Robot 2021; 2:2/12/eaaq1155. [PMID: 33157904 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.aaq1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic microrobots and nanorobots can be remotely controlled to propel in complex biological fluids with high precision by using magnetic fields. Their potential for controlled navigation in hard-to-reach cavities of the human body makes them promising miniaturized robotic tools to diagnose and treat diseases in a minimally invasive manner. However, critical issues, such as motion tracking, biocompatibility, biodegradation, and diagnostic/therapeutic effects, need to be resolved to allow preclinical in vivo development and clinical trials. We report biohybrid magnetic robots endowed with multifunctional capabilities by integrating desired structural and functional attributes from a biological matrix and an engineered coating. Helical microswimmers were fabricated from Spirulina microalgae via a facile dip-coating process in magnetite (Fe3O4) suspensions, superparamagnetic, and equipped with robust navigation capability in various biofluids. The innate properties of the microalgae allowed in vivo fluorescence imaging and remote diagnostic sensing without the need for any surface modification. Furthermore, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging tracked a swarm of microswimmers inside rodent stomachs, a deep organ where fluorescence-based imaging ceased to work because of its penetration limitation. Meanwhile, the microswimmers were able to degrade and exhibited selective cytotoxicity to cancer cell lines, subject to the thickness of the Fe3O4 coating, which could be tailored via the dip-coating process. The biohybrid microrobots reported herein represent a microrobotic platform that could be further developed for in vivo imaging-guided therapy and a proof of concept for the engineering of multifunctional microrobotic and nanorobotic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yan
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, UK
| | - Melissa Vincent
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiangfan Yu
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Liming Bian
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi-Xiang J Wang
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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15
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Hoshiar AK, Le TA, Valdastri P, Yoon J. Swarm of magnetic nanoparticles steering in multi-bifurcation vessels under fluid flow. JOURNAL OF MICRO-BIO ROBOTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12213-020-00127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Hassanzadeh P, Atyabi F, Dinarvand R. The significance of artificial intelligence in drug delivery system design. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 151-152:169-190. [PMID: 31071378 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, increasing interest has been attracted towards the application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology for analyzing and interpreting the biological or genetic information, accelerated drug discovery, and identification of the selective small-molecule modulators or rare molecules and prediction of their behavior. Application of the automated workflows and databases for rapid analysis of the huge amounts of data and artificial neural networks (ANNs) for development of the novel hypotheses and treatment strategies, prediction of disease progression, and evaluation of the pharmacological profiles of drug candidates may significantly improve treatment outcomes. Target fishing (TF) by rapid prediction or identification of the biological targets might be of great help for linking targets to the novel compounds. AI and TF methods in association with human expertise may indeed revolutionize the current theranostic strategies, meanwhile, validation approaches are necessary to overcome the potential challenges and ensure higher accuracy. In this review, the significance of AI and TF in the development of drugs and delivery systems and the potential challenging issues have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Hassanzadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran.
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran.
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17
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Li N, Jiang Y, Plantefève R, Michaud F, Nosrati Z, Tremblay C, Saatchi K, Häfeli UO, Kadoury S, Moran G, Joly F, Martel S, Soulez G. Magnetic Resonance Navigation for Targeted Embolization in a Two-Level Bifurcation Phantom. Ann Biomed Eng 2019; 47:2402-2415. [PMID: 31290038 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-019-02317-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This work combines a particle injection system with our proposed magnetic resonance navigation (MRN) sequence with the intention of validating MRN in a two-bifurcation phantom for endovascular treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A theoretical physical model used to calculate the most appropriate size of the magnetic drug-eluting bead (MDEB, 200 μm) aggregates was proposed. The aggregates were injected into the phantom by a dedicated particle injector while a trigger signal was automatically sent to the MRI to start MRN which consists of interleaved tracking and steering sequences. When the main branch of the phantom was parallel to B0, the aggregate distribution ratio in the (left-left, left-right, right-left and right-right divisions was obtained with results of 8, 68, 24 and 0% respectively at baseline (no MRN) and increased to 84%, 100, 84 and 92% (p < 0.001, p = 0.004, p < 0.001, p < 0.001) after implementing our MRN protocol. When the main branch was perpendicular to B0, the right-left branch, having the smallest baseline distribution rate of 0%, reached 80% (p < 0.001) after applying MRN. Moreover, the success rate of MRN was always more than 92% at the 1st bifurcation in the experiments above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Polytechnique Montréal, Chemin de Polytechnique, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC, 28 H3T 1J4, Canada.,Laboratory of Clinical Image Processing, Le Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Yuting Jiang
- Laboratory of Clinical Image Processing, Le Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Radiology, Radiation-Oncology and Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Rosalie Plantefève
- Laboratory of Clinical Image Processing, Le Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Francois Michaud
- Laboratory of Clinical Image Processing, Le Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.,Department of Radiology, Radiation-Oncology and Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Zeynab Nosrati
- University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Charles Tremblay
- Polytechnique Montréal, Chemin de Polytechnique, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC, 28 H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Katayoun Saatchi
- University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Urs O Häfeli
- University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Samuel Kadoury
- Polytechnique Montréal, Chemin de Polytechnique, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC, 28 H3T 1J4, Canada.,Laboratory of Clinical Image Processing, Le Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | | | - Florian Joly
- INRIA Paris, 2 rue Simone Iff, 75012, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Martel
- Polytechnique Montréal, Chemin de Polytechnique, 2500 Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC, 28 H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Gilles Soulez
- Laboratory of Clinical Image Processing, Le Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada. .,Department of Radiology, Radiation-Oncology and Nuclear Medicine and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
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18
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Halder A, Sun Y. Biocompatible propulsion for biomedical micro/nano robotics. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 139:111334. [PMID: 31128479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Micro/Nano robots have shown enormous potential for diverse biomedical applications, such as targeted delivery, in vivo biosensing, minimally invasive surgery and cell manipulation through extending their area of operation to various previously inaccessible locations. The motion of these small-scale robots can be either self-propelled or remotely controlled by some external power sources. However, in order to use them for biomedical applications, optimization of biocompatible propulsion and precise controllability are highly desirable. In this article, the recent progress about the biocompatible propulsion (e.g. self-propulsion, external stimuli based propulsion and bio-hybrid propulsion) techniques for these micro/nano robotic devices are summarized along with their applications, with a special focus on the advantages and disadvantages of different propulsion techniques. The current challenges and future perspectives of these small-scale devices are discussed in the final section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Halder
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark.
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19
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Liu YL, Chen D, Shang P, Yin DC. A review of magnet systems for targeted drug delivery. J Control Release 2019; 302:90-104. [PMID: 30946854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic drug targeting is a method by which magnetic drug carriers in the body are manipulated by external magnetic fields to reach the target area. This method is potentially promising in applications for treatment of diseases like cancers, nervous system diseases, sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and so on, due to the advantages in that it can improve efficacy, reduce drug dosage and side effects. Therefore, it has received extensive attention in recent years. Successful magnetic drug targeting requires a good magnet system to guide the drug carriers to the target site. Up to date there have been many efforts to design the magnet systems for targeted drug delivery. However, there are few comprehensive reviews on these systems. Here we review the progresses made in this field. We summarized the systems already developed or proposed, and categorized them into two groups: static field magnet systems and varying field magnet systems. Based on the requirements for more powerful targeting performance, the prospects and the future research directions in this field are anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Liu
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Da Chen
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China
| | - Peng Shang
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Da-Chuan Yin
- Institute for Special Environmental Biophysics, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen 518057, Guangzhou, PR China.
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20
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Hajiaghajani A, Ahn S. Single-Sided Near-Field Wireless Power Transfer by A Three-Dimensional Coil Array. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10030200. [PMID: 30901921 PMCID: PMC6471491 DOI: 10.3390/mi10030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Wirelessly powered medical microrobots are often driven or localized by magnetic resonance imaging coils, whose signal-to-noise ratio is easily affected by the power transmitter coils that supply the microrobot. A controlled single-sided wireless power transmitter can enhance the imaging quality and suppress the radiation leakage. This paper presents a new form of electromagnet which automatically cancels the magnetic field to the back lobes by replacing the traditional circular coils with a three-dimensional (3D) coil scheme inspired by a generalized form of Halbach arrays. It is shown that, along with the miniaturization of the transmitter system, it allows for improved magnetic field intensity in the target side. Measurement of the produced magnetic patterns verifies that the power transfer to the back lobe is 15-fold smaller compared to the corresponding distance on the main lobe side, whilst maintaining a powering efficiency similar to that of conventional planar coils. To show the application of the proposed array, a wireless charging pad with an effective powering area of 144 cm2 is fabricated on 3D-assembled printed circuit boards. This 3D structure obviates the need for traditional magnetic shield materials that place limitations on the working frequency and suffer from non-linearity and hysteresis effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Hajiaghajani
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Seungyoung Ahn
- CCS Graduate School for Green Transportation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
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21
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Azharuddin M, Zhu GH, Das D, Ozgur E, Uzun L, Turner APF, Patra HK. A repertoire of biomedical applications of noble metal nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:6964-6996. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01741k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The emerging properties of noble metal nanoparticles are attracting huge interest from the translational scientific community. In this feature article, we highlight recent advances in the adaptation of noble metal nanomaterials and their biomedical applications in therapeutics, diagnostics and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Azharuddin
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- Linkoping University
- Linkoping
- Sweden
| | - Geyunjian H. Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Debapratim Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- India
| | - Erdogan Ozgur
- Hacettepe University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Lokman Uzun
- Hacettepe University
- Faculty of Science
- Department of Chemistry
- Ankara
- Turkey
| | | | - Hirak K. Patra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
- Linkoping University
- Linkoping
- Sweden
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
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22
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Abdal Dayem A, Lee SB, Cho SG. The Impact of Metallic Nanoparticles on Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E761. [PMID: 30261637 PMCID: PMC6215285 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has a wide range of medical and industrial applications. The impact of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on the proliferation and differentiation of normal, cancer, and stem cells is well-studied. The preparation of NPs, along with their physicochemical properties, is related to their biological function. Interestingly, various mechanisms are implicated in metallic NP-induced cellular proliferation and differentiation, such as modulation of signaling pathways, generation of reactive oxygen species, and regulation of various transcription factors. In this review, we will shed light on the biomedical application of metallic NPs and the interaction between NPs and the cellular components. The in vitro and in vivo influence of metallic NPs on stem cell differentiation and proliferation, as well as the mechanisms behind potential toxicity, will be explored. A better understanding of the limitations related to the application of metallic NPs on stem cell proliferation and differentiation will afford clues for optimal design and preparation of metallic NPs for the modulation of stem cell functions and for clinical application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdal Dayem
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Soo Bin Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Ssang-Goo Cho
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Incurable Disease Animal Model & Stem Cell Institute (IDASI), Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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23
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Ye H, Kang J, Ma G, Sun H, Wang S. High-speed graphene@Ag-MnO 2 micromotors at low peroxide levels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 528:271-280. [PMID: 29859452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Platinum (Pt) free micro/nanomotors (MNMs) using a low content of fuels are highly desired for many applications. Herein, we demonstrate that cathodic electrofabrication can produce modified MnO2 based microtubes and microrods as highly efficient MNMs in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as low as 0.2%. The speed of graphene/Ag-MnO2 micromotors could be smartly regulated using a surfactant and the maximum speed of an individual micromotor exceeds 1.3 mm s-1 in 0.5% H2O2. The propelling force and output power of the micromotors are 3.4 and 10 times as high as those of the best Pt-based micromotors reported. These Ag-MnO2 based micromotors are envisioned to be a great promise for practical applications from biomedical delivery to environmental decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Ye
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Guofeng Ma
- Key Lab of Advanced Materials Technology of Educational Department Liaoning Province, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China
| | - Hongqi Sun
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Western Australia 6027, Australia.
| | - Shaobin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
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24
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Keßler S, Drese K, Schmid F. Simulating copolymeric nanoparticle assembly in the co-solvent method: How mixing rates control final particle sizes and morphologies. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Prasad R, Bhattacharyya A, Nguyen QD. Nanotechnology in Sustainable Agriculture: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Perspectives. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1014. [PMID: 28676790 PMCID: PMC5476687 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology monitors a leading agricultural controlling process, especially by its miniature dimension. Additionally, many potential benefits such as enhancement of food quality and safety, reduction of agricultural inputs, enrichment of absorbing nanoscale nutrients from the soil, etc. allow the application of nanotechnology to be resonant encumbrance. Agriculture, food, and natural resources are a part of those challenges like sustainability, susceptibility, human health, and healthy life. The ambition of nanomaterials in agriculture is to reduce the amount of spread chemicals, minimize nutrient losses in fertilization and increased yield through pest and nutrient management. Nanotechnology has the prospective to improve the agriculture and food industry with novel nanotools for the controlling of rapid disease diagnostic, enhancing the capacity of plants to absorb nutrients among others. The significant interests of using nanotechnology in agriculture includes specific applications like nanofertilizers and nanopesticides to trail products and nutrients levels to increase the productivity without decontamination of soils, waters, and protection against several insect pest and microbial diseases. Nanotechnology may act as sensors for monitoring soil quality of agricultural field and thus it maintain the health of agricultural plants. This review covers the current challenges of sustainability, food security and climate change that are exploring by the researchers in the area of nanotechnology in the improvement of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Prasad
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity UniversityNoida, India
| | - Atanu Bhattacharyya
- Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vigyan KendraBengaluru, India
| | - Quang D. Nguyen
- Research Centre of Bioengineering and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science, Szent István UniversityBudapest, Hungary
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26
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Magnetic navigation and tracking of multiple ferromagnetic microrobots inside an arterial phantom setup for MRI guided drug therapy. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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27
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Thiermann R, Bleul R, Maskos M. Kinetic Control of Block Copolymer Self-Assembly in a Micromixing Device - Mechanistical Insight into Vesicle Formation Process. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina Bleul
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM; Carl-Zeiss-Straße 18-20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Michael Maskos
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM; Carl-Zeiss-Straße 18-20 55129 Mainz Germany
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28
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Nicolae AM, Venugopal N, Ravi A. Trends in targeted prostate brachytherapy: from multiparametric MRI to nanomolecular radiosensitizers. Cancer Nanotechnol 2016; 7:6. [PMID: 27441041 PMCID: PMC4932125 DOI: 10.1186/s12645-016-0018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of localized prostate cancer is expected to become a significant problem in the next decade as an increasingly aging population becomes prone to developing the disease. Recent research into the biological nature of prostate cancer has shown that large localized doses of radiation to the cancer offer excellent long-term disease control. Brachytherapy, a form of localized radiation therapy, has been shown to be one of the most effective methods for delivering high radiation doses to the cancer; however, recent evidence suggests that increasing the localized radiation dose without bound may cause unacceptable increases in long-term side effects. This review focuses on methods that have been proposed, or are already in clinical use, to safely escalate the dose of radiation within the prostate. The advent of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) to better identify and localize intraprostatic tumors, and nanomolecular radiosensitizers such as gold nanoparticles (GNPs), may be used synergistically to increase doses to cancerous tissue without the requisite hazard of increased side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Mihai Nicolae
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON M4N3M5 Canada
| | | | - Ananth Ravi
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON M4N3M5 Canada
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29
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Liu X, Madhankumar AB, Miller PA, Duck KA, Hafenstein S, Rizk E, Slagle-Webb B, Sheehan JM, Connor JR, Yang QX. MRI contrast agent for targeting glioma: interleukin-13 labeled liposome encapsulating gadolinium-DTPA. Neuro Oncol 2015; 18:691-9. [PMID: 26519740 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of glioma with MRI contrast agent is limited to cases in which the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is compromised as contrast agents cannot cross the BBB. Thus, an early-stage infiltrating tumor is not detectable. Interleukin-13 receptor alpha 2 (IL-13Rα2), which has been shown to be overexpressed in glioma, can be used as a target moiety. We hypothesized that liposomes conjugated with IL-13 and encapsulating MRI contrast agent are capable of passing through an intact BBB and producing MRI contrast with greater sensitivity. METHODS The targeted MRI contrast agent was created by encapsulating Magnevist (Gd-DTPA) into liposomes conjugated with IL-13 and characterized by particle size distribution, cytotoxicity, and MRI relaxivity. MR image intensity was evaluated in the brain in normal mice post injection of Gd-DTPA and IL-13-liposome-Gd-DTPA one day apart. The specificity for glioma detection by IL-13-liposome-Gd-DTPA was demonstrated in an intracranial glioma mouse model and validated histologically. RESULTS The average size of IL-13-liposome-Gd-DTPA was 137 ± 43 nm with relaxivity of 4.0 ± 0.4 L/mmole-s at 7 Tesla. No significant cytotoxicity was observed with MTS assay and serum chemistry in mice. The MRI signal intensity was enhanced up to 15% post injection of IL-13-liposome-Gd-DTPA in normal brain tissue following a similar time course as that for the pituitary gland outside of the BBB. MRI enhanced by IL-13-liposome-Gd-DTPA detected small tumor masses in addition to those seen with Magnevist-enhanced MRI. CONCLUSIONS IL-13-liposome-Gd-DTPA is able to pass through the uncompromised BBB and detect an early stage glioma that cannot be seen with conventional contrast-enhanced MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
| | - Achuthamangalam B Madhankumar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
| | - Patti A Miller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
| | - Kari A Duck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
| | - Susan Hafenstein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
| | - Elias Rizk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
| | - Becky Slagle-Webb
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
| | - Jonas M Sheehan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
| | - Qing X Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., A.B.M., K.A.D., E.R., B.S.-W., J.M.S., J.R.C., Q.X.Y.); Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (X.L., P.A.M., Q.X.Y.); Department of Microbiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (S.H.)
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Magnetic Actuation Based Motion Control for Microrobots: An Overview. MICROMACHINES 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/mi6091346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Sliker L, Ciuti G, Rentschler M, Menciassi A. Magnetically driven medical devices: a review. Expert Rev Med Devices 2015; 12:737-52. [PMID: 26295303 DOI: 10.1586/17434440.2015.1080120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A widely accepted definition of a medical device is an instrument or apparatus that is used to diagnose, prevent or treat disease. Medical devices take a broad range of forms and utilize various methods to operate, such as physical, mechanical or thermal. Of particular interest in this paper are the medical devices that utilize magnetic field sources to operate. The exploitation of magnetic fields to operate or drive medical devices has become increasingly popular due to interesting characteristics of magnetic fields that are not offered by other phenomena, such as mechanical contact, hydrodynamics and thermodynamics. Today, there is a wide range of magnetically driven medical devices purposed for different anatomical regions of the body. A review of these devices is presented and organized into two groups: permanent magnetically driven devices and electromagnetically driven devices. Within each category, the discussion will be further segregated into anatomical regions (e.g., gastrointestinal, ocular, abdominal, thoracic, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Levin Sliker
- a 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, USA
| | - Gastone Ciuti
- b 2 The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna , 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mark Rentschler
- a 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309-0427, USA
| | - Arianna Menciassi
- b 2 The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna , 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
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Hoeckelmann M, Rudas IJ, Fiorini P, Kirchner F, Haidegger T. Current Capabilities and Development Potential in Surgical Robotics. INT J ADV ROBOT SYST 2015. [DOI: 10.5772/60133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercial surgical robots have been in clinical use since the mid-1990s, supporting surgeons in various tasks. In the past decades, many systems emerged as research platforms, and a few entered the global market. This paper summarizes the currently available surgical systems and research directions in the broader field of surgical robotics. The widely deployed teleoperated manipulators aim to enhance human cognitive and physical skills and provide smart tools for surgeons, while image-guided robotics focus on surpassing human limitations by introducing automated targeting and treatment delivery methods. Both concepts are discussed based on prototypes and commercial systems. Through concrete examples the possible future development paths of surgical robots are illustrated. While research efforts are taking different approaches to improve the capacity of such systems, the aim of this survey is to assess their maturity from the commercialization point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imre J. Rudas
- Antal Bejczy Center for Intelligent Robotics Obuda University, Hungary
| | - Paolo Fiorini
- Department of Informatics, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Frank Kirchner
- DFKI GmbH, Robotics Innovation Center (RIC), Bremen, Germany
- Robotics Group, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tamas Haidegger
- Antal Bejczy Center for Intelligent Robotics Obuda University, Hungary
- Austrian Center for Medical Innovation and Technology (ACMIT), Austria
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Abdalla AME, Xiao L, Ouyang C, Yang G. Engineered nanoparticles: thrombotic events in cancer. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:14141-14152. [PMID: 25347245 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr04825c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles are being increasingly produced for specific applications in medicine. Broad selections of nano-sized constructs have been developed for applications in diagnosis, imaging, and drug delivery. Nanoparticles as contrast agents enable conjugation with molecular markers which are essential for designing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Such investigations can also lead to a better understanding of disease mechanisms such as cancer-associated thrombosis which remains unpredictable with serious bleeding complications and high risk of death. Here we review the recent and current applications of engineered nanoparticles in diagnosis and therapeutic strategies, noting their toxicity in relation to specific markers as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M E Abdalla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Tehrani MD, Yoon JH, Kim MO, Yoon J. A novel scheme for nanoparticle steering in blood vessels using a functionalized magnetic field. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2014; 62:303-13. [PMID: 25163053 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2014.2351234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic drug targeting is a drug delivery approach in which therapeutic magnetizable particles are injected, generally into blood vessels, and magnets are then used to guide and concentrate them in the diseased target organ. Although many analytical, simulation, and experimental studies on capturing schemes for drug targeting have been conducted, there are few studies on delivering the nanoparticles to the target region. Furthermore, the sticking phenomenon of particles to vessels walls near the injection point, and far from the target region, has not been addressed sufficiently. In this paper, the sticking issue and its relationship to nanoparticle steering are investigated in detail using numerical simulations. For wide ranges of blood vessel size, blood velocity, particle size, and applied magnetic field, three coefficient numbers are uniquely generalized: vessel elongation, normal exit time, and force rate. With respect these new parameters, we investigated particle distribution trends for a Y-shaped channel and computed ratios of correctly guided particles and particles remaining in the vessel. We found that the sticking of particles to vessels occurred because of low blood flow velocity near the vessel walls, which is the main reason for low targeting efficiency when using a constant magnetic gradient. To reduce the sticking ratio of nanoparticles, we propose a novel field function scheme that uses a simple time-varying function to separate the particles from the walls and guide them to the target point. The capabilities of the proposed scheme were examined by several simulations of both Y-shaped channels and realistic three-dimensional (3-D) model channels extracted from brain vessels. The results showed a significant decrease in particle adherence to walls during the delivery stage and confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed magnetic field function method for steering nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery.
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Goodarzy F, Skafidas ES, Gambini S. Feasibility of Energy-Autonomous Wireless Microsensors for Biomedical Applications: Powering and Communication. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2014; 8:17-29. [PMID: 25137732 DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2014.2346487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this review, biomedical-related wireless miniature devices such as implantable medical devices, neural prostheses, embedded neural systems, and body area network systems are investigated and categorized. The two main subsystems of such designs, the RF subsystem and the energy source subsystem, are studied in detail. Different application classes are considered separately, focusing on their specific data rate and size characteristics. Also, the energy consumption of state-of-the-art communication practices is compared to the energy that can be generated by current energy scavenging devices, highlighting gaps and opportunities. The RF subsystem is classified, and the suitable architecture for each category of applications is highlighted. Finally, a new figure of merit suitable for wireless biomedical applications is introduced to measure the performance of these devices and assist the designer in selecting the proper system for the required application. This figure of merit can effectively fill the gap of a much required method for comparing different techniques in simulation stage before a final design is chosen for implementation.
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Haidegger T. Surgical Robots. ROBOTICS 2013. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-4607-0.ch055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Information technology and robotics have been integrated into interventional medicine for over 25 years. Their primary aim has always been to provide patient benefits through increased precision, safety, and minimal invasiveness. Nevertheless, robotic devices should allow for sophisticated treatment methods that are not possible by other means. Several hundreds of different surgical robot prototypes have been developed, while only a handful passed clearance procedures, and was released to the market. This is mostly due to the difficulties associated with medical device development and approval, especially in those cases when some form of manipulation and automation is involved. This chapter is intended to present major aspects of surgical robotic prototyping and current trends through the analysis of various international projects. It spans across the phases from system planning, to development, validation, and clearance.
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Peyer KE, Zhang L, Nelson BJ. Bio-inspired magnetic swimming microrobots for biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:1259-72. [PMID: 23165991 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32554c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Microrobots have been proposed for future biomedical applications in which they are able to navigate in viscous fluidic environments. Nature has inspired numerous microrobotic locomotion designs, which are suitable for propulsion generation at low Reynolds numbers. This article reviews the various swimming methods with particular focus on helical propulsion inspired by E. coli bacteria. There are various magnetic actuation methods for biomimetic and non-biomimetic microrobots, such as rotating fields, oscillating fields, or field gradients. They can be categorized into force-driven or torque-driven actuation methods. Both approaches are reviewed and a previous publication has shown that torque-driven actuation scales better to the micro- and nano-scale than force-driven actuation. Finally, the implementation of swarm or multi-agent control is discussed. The use of multiple microrobots may be beneficial for in vivo as well as in vitro applications. Thus, the frequency-dependent behavior of helical microrobots is discussed and preliminary experimental results are presented showing the decoupling of an individual agent within a group of three microrobots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin E Peyer
- Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
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Vartholomeos P, Mavroidis C. In Silico Studies of Magnetic Microparticle Aggregations in Fluid Environments for MRI-Guided Drug Delivery. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2012; 59:3028-38. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2012.2213340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abstract
Information technology and robotics have been integrated into interventional medicine for over 25 years. Their primary aim has always been to provide patient benefits through increased precision, safety, and minimal invasiveness. Nevertheless, robotic devices should allow for sophisticated treatment methods that are not possible by other means. Several hundreds of different surgical robot prototypes have been developed, while only a handful passed clearance procedures, and was released to the market. This is mostly due to the difficulties associated with medical device development and approval, especially in those cases when some form of manipulation and automation is involved. This chapter is intended to present major aspects of surgical robotic prototyping and current trends through the analysis of various international projects. It spans across the phases from system planning, to development, validation, and clearance.
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Noble metal nanoparticles applications in cancer. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2011; 2012:751075. [PMID: 22007307 PMCID: PMC3189598 DOI: 10.1155/2012/751075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has prompted new and improved materials for biomedical applications with particular emphasis in therapy and diagnostics. Special interest has been directed at providing enhanced molecular therapeutics for cancer, where conventional approaches do not effectively differentiate between cancerous and normal cells; that is, they lack specificity. This normally causes systemic toxicity and severe and adverse side effects with concomitant loss of quality of life. Because of their small size, nanoparticles can readily interact with biomolecules both at surface and inside cells, yielding better signals and target specificity for diagnostics and therapeutics. This way, a variety of nanoparticles with the possibility of diversified modification with biomolecules have been investigated for biomedical applications including their use in highly sensitive imaging assays, thermal ablation, and radiotherapy enhancement as well as drug and gene delivery and silencing. Here, we review the available noble metal nanoparticles for cancer therapy, with particular focus on those already being translated into clinical settings.
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