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Silveira RB, Santos Silva JR, da Silva RB, Dos Santos GAP. First Record of Malformation in Seahorses Attributed to the Oil Spill off the Brazilian Coast in 2019. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2024; 43:1996-2004. [PMID: 38980319 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
In 2019, there was an environmental catastrophe in Brazil, when more than 5000 tons of unknown origin crude oil invaded beaches and mangroves. Two years later, two monitoring areas were selected to study seahorses' offspring: Massangana River estuary (apparently healthy area) and Cocaia Island (affected area). Thirty-six reproductive events of Hippocampus reidi (Syngnathidae) couples from these two areas were monitored to analyze the offspring. At the apparently healthy area, no newborns with malformations were found. However, the offspring from Cocaia Island showed a mean of 19.73% (±5.23) malformations in newborns. It is argued that the toxic/teratogenic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have affected the population in two ways: directly through the induction of mutations in the germ cells of the species and through a drastic reduction of the population (bottleneck effect) whose density observed today recovered through consanguineous couplings, potentiating deleterious genotypes in the offspring. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1996-2004. © 2024 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José R Santos Silva
- Departamento de Estatística e Ciências Atuárias, Universidade Federal de Sergipe São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Renan B da Silva
- Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Giovanni A P Dos Santos
- Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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2
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Tillmanns AR, McGrath JA, Di Toro DM. International Water Quality Guidelines for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Advances to Improve Jurisdictional Uptake of Guidelines Derived Using The Target Lipid Model. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 38116959 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
A large number of different of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been found in environmental media, yet water quality guidelines (WQGs) are only available for a small subset of PAHs, limiting our ability to adequately assess environmental risks from these compounds. The target lipid model (TLM) was published over 20 years ago and has been extensively validated in the literature, but it has still not been widely adopted by jurisdictions to derive WQGs for PAHs. The goal of our study was to better align the methods for deriving TLM-based WQGs with international derivation protocols. This included updating the TLM with rescreened data to identify datapoints by which effect concentrations were estimated rather than measured, modernizing the statistics used to generate the hazard concentration, and testing the applicability of a chronic TLM model rather than using the acute-to-chronic ratio. The results show that the acute TLM model did not deviate substantially from the previous iteration, indicating that the model has reached a point of stability after over 20 years of testing and improvements. Water quality guidelines derived directly from a chronic TLM provided a similar level of protection as previous iterations of the TLM. The major advantage of adopting TLM-derived WQGs is the expanded list of PAH WQGs, which will allow a more fulsome quantification of environmental risks and the ability to apply the model to mixtures. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-15. © 2023 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeline R Tillmanns
- British Columbia Ministry of Water, Land and Resource Stewardship, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Dominic M Di Toro
- Center for Biomechanical Engineering and Research, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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3
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Sørhus E, Nakken CL, Donald CE, Ripley DM, Shiels HA, Meier S. Cardiac toxicity of phenanthrene depends on developmental stage in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163484. [PMID: 37068678 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Complex mixtures like crude oil, and single components such as Phenanthrene (Phe), induce cardiotoxicity by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling. However, recent work has demonstrated that the timing of pollutant exposure during embryogenesis greatly impacts the degree of cardiac dysfunction caused. Here, we aimed to clarify the temporal dependence of Phe toxicity and the downstream effects of cardiac dysfunction using Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Phe (nominal concentration, 1.12 μmol/L), or the L-type‑calcium channel blocker Nicardipine (Nic) (nominal concentration, 2 and 4 μmol/L), were individually applied to cod embryos either during cardiogenesis (early) or after the onset of cardiac function (late). Phe toxicity was highly dependent on the timing of exposure. Exposure after the onset of cardiac function (i.e. late) caused more severe cardiac and extracardiac abnormalities at 3 days post hatching (dph) than early exposure. Late Phe exposure resulted in a smaller ventricle, eliminated ventricular contraction, and reduced atrial contraction. In contrast, early Phe exposure did not have an effect on cardiac development and function. This temporal difference was not as evident in the Nic treatment. Early Nic exposure created similar morphological phenotypes to the late Phe exposure. The two treatments (early Nic and late Phe) also shared a cardiofunctional phenotype, comprised of eliminated ventricular, and reduced atrial, contraction. These data suggest that extracardiac abnormalities, such as the craniofacial deformities seen after late embryonic exposure to cardiotoxic oil components and mixtures, are mostly downstream effects of cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Sørhus
- Institute of Marine Research, Department of Marine Toxicology, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Carey E Donald
- Institute of Marine Research, Department of Marine Toxicology, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniel M Ripley
- University of Manchester, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Holly A Shiels
- University of Manchester, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Sonnich Meier
- Institute of Marine Research, Department of Marine Toxicology, Bergen, Norway
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4
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Lemos LS, Angarica LM, Hauser-Davis RA, Quinete N. Cortisol as a Stress Indicator in Fish: Sampling Methods, Analytical Techniques, and Organic Pollutant Exposure Assessments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6237. [PMID: 37444085 PMCID: PMC10341563 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20136237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Cortisol is the main glucocorticoid released during stress responses in most fish and has been employed to investigate different stressors, including organic pollutants. This review discusses shifts in cortisol concentrations and examines different matrix sampling methods (invasive vs. minimally or non-invasive) and the main analytical cortisol determination techniques (immunoassays and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry). Assessments on organic pollutant exposure in fish and associated adverse effects are also discussed. Studies in this regard may aid in identifying organic pollutant toxicological modes of action, mechanistic response, toxicokinetics, and toxicodynamics, as well as pollution sources and associated health risks in fish, ultimately aiding in the development of effective management strategies to mitigate the impacts of organic pollutants on fish populations and their associated ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Soledade Lemos
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181, USA
| | - Leo Moreira Angarica
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181, USA
| | - Rachel Ann Hauser-Davis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - Natalia Quinete
- Institute of Environment, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, North Miami, FL 33181, USA
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5
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Sahabuddin ES, Noreen A, Daabo HMA, Kandeel M, Saleh MM, Al-Qaim ZH, Jawad MA, Sivaraman R, Fenjan MN, Mustafa YF, Heidary A, Abarghouei S, Norbakhsh M. Microplastic and oil pollutant agglomerates synergistically intensify toxicity in the marine fish, Asian seabass, Lates calcalifer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 98:104059. [PMID: 36603608 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.104059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer frys were exposed to polystyrene (MP: 0.5 mg/l), oil (0.83 ml/l) and agglomerates (MP + oil + Corexit) as eight treatments in three replicates, and fresh synthetic marine water (control) for 15 days. The synergistic effect was confirmed (P ˂ 0.05) by bio-indicators including RBC count, total plasma protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), basophils, thrombocyte and eosinophils percentages. Most of the significant and synergistic effects were observed in the highest doses (5 mg/l MP and 5 mg/l MP-oil-dispersant). Exposure to MP and a combination of MP+ oil caused tissue lesions in gill, liver and intestine. Our results suggest there are no critical health issues for Asian seabass in natural environments. However, the bioaccumulation of MPs, oil, and their agglomerates in consumers' bodies may remain a concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erma Suryani Sahabuddin
- Population and Enviromental Education Studies, Universitas Negeri Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Ayesha Noreen
- Department of Social Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Social Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, 31982 Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelshikh University, Kafrelshikh 33516, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | - Mohammed N Fenjan
- College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
| | - Aadel Heidary
- Environmental Expert of Farsan Municipality, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Safoura Abarghouei
- Bahar Avaran Nastaran Agricultural University of Applied Sciences Qom, Qom, Iran
| | - Maryam Norbakhsh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Bonatesta F, Messerschmidt VL, Schneider L, Lee J, Lund AK, Mager EM. Acute exposure of early-life stage zebrafish (Danio rerio) to Deepwater Horizon crude oil impairs glomerular filtration and renal fluid clearance capacity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:21990-21999. [PMID: 36280635 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23805-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The pronephros (early-stage kidney) is an important osmoregulatory organ, and the onset of its function occurs relatively early in some teleost fishes. As such, any defects in kidney development and function are likely associated with a decreased ability to osmoregulate. Previous work has shown that early-life stage (ELS) zebrafish (Danio rerio) acutely exposed to Deepwater Horizon (DWH) crude oil exhibit transcriptional changes in key genes involved in pronephros development and function, as well as pronephric morphological defects and whole-animal osmoregulatory impairment. The objective of this study was to examine the acute effects of crude oil exposure during zebrafish ELS on pronephros function by assessing its fluid clearance capacity and glomerular filtration integrity. Following a 72-h exposure to control conditions, 20% or 40% dilutions of high-energy water-accommodated fractions (HEWAF) of DWH crude oil, zebrafish were injected into the common cardinal vein either with fluorescein-labeled (FITC) 70-kDa dextran to assess glomerular filtration integrity or with FITC-inulin to assess pronephric clearance capacity. Fluorescence was quantified after the injections at predetermined time intervals by fluorescence microscopy. The results demonstrated a diminished pronephric fluid clearance capacity and failed glomerular perfusion when larvae were exposed to 40% HEWAF dilutions, whereas only a reduced glomerular filtration selectivity was observed in zebrafish previously exposed to the 20% HEWAF dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bonatesta
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA.
| | | | - Leah Schneider
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Juhyun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Amie K Lund
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Edward M Mager
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #310559, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
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7
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Carroll J, Frøysa HG, Vikebø F, Broch OJ, Howell D, Nepstad R, Augustine S, Skeie GM, Bockwoldt M. An annual profile of the impacts of simulated oil spills on the Northeast Arctic cod and haddock fisheries. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 184:114207. [PMID: 36228407 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We simulate the combined natural and pollutant-induced survival of early life stages of NEA cod and haddock, and the impact on the adult populations in response to the time of a major oil spill in a single year. Our simulations reveal how dynamic ocean processes, controlling both oil transport and fate and the frequency of interactions of oil with drifting fish eggs and larvae, mediate the magnitude of population losses due to an oil spill. The largest impacts on fish early life stages occurred for spills initiated in Feb-Mar, concomitant with the initial rise in marine productivity and the earliest phase of the spawning season. The reproductive health of the adult fish populations was maintained in all scenarios. The study demonstrates the application of a simulation system that provides managers with information for the planning of development activities and for the protection of fisheries resources from potential impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- JoLynn Carroll
- Akvaplan-niva, FRAM-High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, 9007 Tromsø, Norway; Research Centre for Arctic Petroleum Exploration (ARCEx), Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Håvard G Frøysa
- Institute of Marine Research, Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Frode Vikebø
- Institute of Marine Research, Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Daniel Howell
- Institute of Marine Research, Box 1870, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Starrlight Augustine
- Akvaplan-niva, FRAM-High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, 9007 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Geir Morten Skeie
- Akvaplan-niva, FRAM-High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, 9007 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mathias Bockwoldt
- Research Centre for Arctic Petroleum Exploration (ARCEx), Department of Geosciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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8
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Bonatesta F, Khursigara AJ, Ackerly KL, Esbaugh AJ, Mager EM. Early life-stage Deepwater Horizon crude oil exposure induces latent osmoregulatory defects in larval red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 260:109405. [PMID: 35811062 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Crude oil is known to induce developmental defects in teleost fish exposed during early-life stages (ELSs). A recent study has demonstrated that zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae acutely exposed to Deepwater Horizon (DHW) crude oil showed transcriptional changes in key genes involved in early kidney (pronephros) development and function, which were coupled with pronephric morphological defects. Given the osmoregulatory importance of the kidney, it is unknown whether ELS effects arising from short-term crude exposures result in long-term osmoregulatory defects, particularly within estuarine fishes likely exposed to DWH oil following the spill. To address this knowledge gap, an acute 72 h exposure to red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) larvae was performed using high-energy water-accommodated fractions (HEWAFs) of DWH weathered oil to analyze transcriptional changes in genes involved in pronephros development and function by quantitative PCR. To test the latent effects of oil exposure on osmoregulation ability, red drum larvae were first exposed to HEWAF for 24 h. Larvae were then reared in clean seawater for two weeks and a 96 h acute osmotic challenge test was performed by exposing the fish to waters with varying salinities. Latent effects of ELS crude oil exposure on osmoregulation were assessed by quantifying survival during the acute osmotic challenge test and analyzing transcriptional changes at 14 dpf. Results demonstrated that ELS crude oil exposure reduced survival of red drum larvae when challenged in hypoosmotic waters and that latent transcriptional changes in some target pronephric genes were evident, indicating that an affected kidney likely contributed to the increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bonatesta
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
| | - Alexis J Khursigara
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Kerri L Ackerly
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX, USA
| | - Andrew J Esbaugh
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX, USA
| | - Edward M Mager
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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9
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Schlenker LS, Stieglitz JD, Greer JB, Faillettaz R, Lam CH, Hoenig RH, Heuer RM, McGuigan CJ, Pasparakis C, Esch EB, Ménard GM, Jaroszewski AL, Paris CB, Schlenk D, Benetti DD, Grosell M. Brief Oil Exposure Reduces Fitness in Wild Gulf of Mexico Mahi-Mahi ( Coryphaena hippurus). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:13019-13028. [PMID: 36053064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) disaster released 3.19 million barrels of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) in 2010, overlapping the habitat of pelagic fish populations. Using mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus)─a highly migratory marine teleost present in the GOM during the spill─as a model species, laboratory experiments demonstrate injuries to physiology and behavior following oil exposure. However, more than a decade postspill, impacts on wild populations remain unknown. To address this gap, we exposed wild mahi-mahi to crude oil or control conditions onboard a research vessel, collected fin clip samples, and tagged them with electronic tags prior to release into the GOM. We demonstrate profound effects on survival and reproduction in the wild. In addition to significant changes in gene expression profiles and predation mortality, we documented altered acceleration and habitat use in the first 8 days oil-exposed individuals were at liberty as well as a cessation of apparent spawning activity for at least 37 days. These data reveal that even a brief and low-dose exposure to crude oil impairs fitness in wild mahi-mahi. These findings offer new perspectives on the lasting impacts of the DWH blowout and provide insight about the impacts of future deep-sea oil spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lela S Schlenker
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - John D Stieglitz
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Justin B Greer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, 6505 NE65th Street, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Robin Faillettaz
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Chi Hin Lam
- Large Pelagics Research Center, P.O. Box 3188, Gloucester, Massachusetts 01931, United States
| | - Ronald H Hoenig
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Rachael M Heuer
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Charles J McGuigan
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Christina Pasparakis
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Emma B Esch
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Gabrielle M Ménard
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Alexandra L Jaroszewski
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Claire B Paris
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Daniel D Benetti
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
| | - Martin Grosell
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, Florida 33149, United States
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10
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Khursigara AJ, Ackerly KL, Esbaugh AJ. Pyrene drives reduced brain size during early life exposure in an estuarine fish, the red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 259:109397. [PMID: 35753645 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Crude oil and the constituent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) induce a consistent suite of sub-lethal effects in early life stage fishes. It has been suggested that 3-ring PAHs drive cardiotoxicity and that all other impacts are downstream consequences of these cardiac effects. However, recent studies have documented behavioral alterations that may not be linked to cardiotoxicity. This raises the question of whether the 3-ring PAHs that drive cardiotoxicity are also responsible for the observed neurological impairments. To explore this question, we exposed embryonic red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) - a species that exhibits greater sensitivity to craniofacial malformations than cardiotoxicity - to individual 2-ring, 3-ring, and 4-ring PAHs for 48 h after which they were assessed for sub-lethal developmental malformations. No effects were observed following exposure to naphthalene, anthracene, dibenzothiophene, phenanthrene and fluorene at doses equivalent to the ΣPAH50 effective concentration 50 for craniofacial malformation in red drum. Conversely, pyrene caused complete lethality at the original dose, and a 5× diluted dose resulted in significantly reduced brain size and spine length. Similar sub-lethal effects were also observed in chrysene at the 1× dose. These results indicate that 4-ring PAHs are driving malformations in developing red drum and suggest oil induced impairments in this species are not a downstream consequence of 3-ring PAH induced cardiac malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis J Khursigara
- Marine Science Department, The University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Dr, Port Aransas, TX 78373, United States of America; Department of Biological Sciences, Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Cir, Denton, TX 76203, United States of America.
| | - Kerri Lynn Ackerly
- Marine Science Department, The University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Dr, Port Aransas, TX 78373, United States of America. https://twitter.com/KerriAckerlyPhD
| | - Andrew J Esbaugh
- Marine Science Department, The University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute, 750 Channel View Dr, Port Aransas, TX 78373, United States of America
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11
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Scovil AM, de Jourdan BP, Speers-Roesch B. Intraspecific Variation in the Sublethal Effects of Physically and Chemically Dispersed Crude Oil on Early Life Stages of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2022; 41:1967-1976. [PMID: 35622057 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The offshore oil industry in Atlantic Canada necessitates a greater understanding of the potential impacts of oil exposure and spill response measures on cold-water marine species. We used a standardized scoring index to characterize sublethal developmental impacts of physically and chemically dispersed crude oil in early life stages of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and assessed intraspecific variation in the response among cod families. Cod (origin: Scotian Shelf, Canada) were laboratory-crossed to produce embryos from five specific families, which were subsequently exposed prehatch to gradient dilutions of a water-accommodated fraction (WAF) and a chemically enhanced WAF (CEWAF; prepared with Corexit 9500A) for 24 h. Postexposure, live embryos were transferred into filtered seawater and monitored to hatch; then, all live fish had sublethal endpoints assessed using the blue-sac disease (BSD) severity index. In both WAF and CEWAF groups, increasing exposure concentrations (measured as total petroleum hydrocarbons) resulted in an increased incidence of BSD symptoms (impaired swimming ability, increased degree of spinal curvature, yolk-sac edemas) in cod across all families. This positive concentration-dependent increase in BSD was similar between physically (WAF) versus chemically (CEWAF) dispersed oil exposures, indicating that dispersant addition does not exacerbate the effect of crude oil on BSD incidence in cod. Sensitivity varied between families, with some families having less BSD than others with increasing exposure concentrations. To our knowledge, our study is the first to demonstrate the occurrence in fishes of intraspecific variation among families in sublethal responses to oil and dispersant exposure. Our results suggest that sublethal effects of crude oil exposure will not be uniformly observed across cod populations and that sensitivity depends on genetic background. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1967-1976. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allie M Scovil
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | | | - Ben Speers-Roesch
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
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An Emerging Cross-Species Marker for Organismal Health: Tryptophan-Kynurenine Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116300. [PMID: 35682980 PMCID: PMC9181223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan (TRP) is an essential dietary amino acid that, unless otherwise committed to protein synthesis, undergoes metabolism via the Tryptophan-Kynurenine (TRP-KYN) pathway in vertebrate organisms. TRP and its metabolites have key roles in diverse physiological processes including cell growth and maintenance, immunity, disease states and the coordination of adaptive responses to environmental and dietary cues. Changes in TRP metabolism can alter the availability of TRP for protein and serotonin biosynthesis as well as alter levels of the immune-active KYN pathway metabolites. There is now considerable evidence which has shown that the TRP-KYN pathway can be influenced by various stressors including glucocorticoids (marker of chronic stress), infection, inflammation and oxidative stress, and environmental toxicants. While there is little known regarding the role of TRP metabolism following exposure to environmental contaminants, there is evidence of linkages between chemically induced metabolic perturbations and altered TRP enzymes and KYN metabolites. Moreover, the TRP-KYN pathway is conserved across vertebrate species and can be influenced by exposure to xenobiotics, therefore, understanding how this pathway is regulated may have broader implications for environmental and wildlife toxicology. The goal of this narrative review is to (1) identify key pathways affecting Trp-Kyn metabolism in vertebrates and (2) highlight consequences of altered tryptophan metabolism in mammals, birds, amphibians, and fish. We discuss current literature available across species, highlight gaps in the current state of knowledge, and further postulate that the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio can be used as a novel biomarker for assessing organismal and, more broadly, ecosystem health.
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Bonatesta F, Emadi C, Price ER, Wang Y, Greer JB, Xu EG, Schlenk D, Grosell M, Mager EM. The developing zebrafish kidney is impaired by Deepwater Horizon crude oil early-life stage exposure: A molecular to whole-organism perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:151988. [PMID: 34838918 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Crude oil is known to induce developmental defects in teleost fish exposed during early life stages (ELSs). While most studies in recent years have focused on cardiac endpoints, evidence from whole-animal transcriptomic analyses and studies with individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) indicate that the developing kidney (i.e., pronephros) is also at risk. Considering the role of the pronephros in osmoregulation, and the common observance of edema in oil-exposed ELS fish, surprisingly little is known regarding the effects of oil exposure on pronephros development and function. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) ELSs, we assessed the transcriptional and morphological responses to two dilutions of high-energy water accommodated fractions (HEWAF) of oil from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill using a combination of qPCR and whole-mount in situ hybridization (WM-ISH) of candidate genes involved in pronephros development and function, and immunohistochemistry (WM-IHC). To assess potential functional impacts on the pronephros, three 24 h osmotic challenges (2 hypo-osmotic, 1 near iso-osmotic) were implemented at two developmental time points (48 and 96 h post fertilization; hpf) following exposure to HEWAF. Changes in transcript expression level and location specific to different regions of the pronephros were observed by qPCR and WM-ISH. Further, pronephros morphology was altered in crude oil exposed larvae, characterized by failed glomerulus and neck segment formation, and straightening of the pronephric tubules. The osmotic challenges at 96 hpf greatly exacerbated edema in both HEWAF-exposed groups regardless of osmolarity. By contrast, larvae at 48 hpf exhibited no edema prior to the osmotic challenge, but previous HEWAF exposure elicited a concentration-response increase in edema at hypo-osmotic conditions that appeared to have been largely alleviated under near iso-osmotic conditions. In summary, ELS HEWAF exposure impaired proper pronephros development in zebrafish, which coupled with cardiotoxic effects, most likely reduced or inhibited pronephros fluid clearance capacity and increased edema formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Bonatesta
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
| | - Cameron Emadi
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Edwin R Price
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Justin B Greer
- Western Fisheries Research Center, United States Geological Survey, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Martin Grosell
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Edward M Mager
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
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Chen Y, Xu W, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Mu R. Intraperitoneal injection of genistein affects the distribution and metabolism of cholesterol in female yellow catfish Tachysurus fulvidraco. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1299-1311. [PMID: 34241762 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-021-00985-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Genistein is an abundant phytoestrogen in soybean. This study aimed to determine the effects of genistein on cholesterol distribution and metabolism in female yellow catfish. Three hundred fish (49.2 ± 1.4 g) were randomly divided into five treatments and received intraperitoneal injections as follows: (1) blank, no injection; (2) control, vehicle only; (3) E2, 17β-estradiol at 10 μg·g-1 body weight; (4) low genistein doses, genistein at 10 μg·g-1 body weight; (5) high genistein doses, genistein at 100 μg·g-1 body weight. Both high and low genistein doses significantly reduced (p < 0.05) serum TC and LDL-C 24 h after injection. Moreover, the high genistein doses significantly reduced (p < 0.05) serum HDL-C. Both high and low doses of genistein significantly increased (p < 0.05) hepatic TC. Only high genistein doses significantly increased (p < 0.05) ovary TC. In the liver, both high and low genistein doses significantly increased (p < 0.05) protein and mRNA expression of ldlr. Meanwhile, high genistein doses significantly decreased (p < 0.05) mRNA expression of hmgcr. In ovary tissue, high genistein doses significantly decreased (p < 0.05) mRNA expression of cyp11a1. These results suggested that genistein affected the cholesterol distribution in female yellow catfish. Both high and low doses of genistein reduced cholesterol content in blood and increased its content in the liver by increasing the uptake of blood cholesterol. Meanwhile, high genistein doses may inhibit hepatic cholesterol synthesis. Additionally, high genistein doses could increase cholesterol transfer from serum into the ovary and disturb cholesterol conversion to pregnenolone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wenbin Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Qingji Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ren Mu
- College of Biological Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Longshan Avenue, Duyun, 558000, Guizhou Province, China.
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Price ER, Mager EM. The effects of exposure to crude oil or PAHs on fish swim bladder development and function. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 238:108853. [PMID: 32777466 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The failure of the swim bladder to inflate during fish development is a common and sensitive response to exposure to petrochemicals. Here, we review potential mechanisms by which petrochemicals or their toxic components (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; PAHs) may affect swim bladder inflation, particularly during early life stages. Surface films formed by oil can cause a physical barrier to primary inflation by air gulping, and are likely important during oil spills. The act of swimming to the surface for primary inflation can be arduous for some species, and may prevent inflation if this behavior is limited by toxic effects on vision or musculature. Some studies have noted altered gene expression in the swim bladder in response to PAHs, and Cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) can be induced in swim bladder or rete mirabile tissue, suggesting that PAHs can have direct effects on swim bladder development. Swim bladder inflation failure can also occur secondarily to the failure of other systems; cardiovascular impairment is the best elucidated of these mechanisms, but other mechanisms might include non-inflation as a sequela of disruption to thyroid signaling or cholesterol metabolism. Failed swim bladder inflation has the potential to lead to chronic sublethal effects that are as yet unstudied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin R Price
- Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, United States of America.
| | - Edward M Mager
- Department of Biological Sciences and Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, United States of America
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